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Physiology > Lab Exam-Lab 3 > Flashcards

Lab Exam-Lab 3 Flashcards

1
Q

What percent of plasma is water and what percent are solids?

A

90% water, 10% solids

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2
Q

What percent of the plasma (part of the solids) are proteins and what percent are electrolytes?

A

8% proteins, 2% electrolytes

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3
Q

Define sedimentation rate

A

measures how quickly RBC settle in a test tube in one hour

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4
Q

What are the uses of sedimentation rate?

A

to determine whether a condition causing inflammation is present, and to determine pregnancy (sedimentation rate decreases because blood volume is higher)

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5
Q

Define hematocrit

A

‘to separate blood’. measures the volume of RBC compared to total blood volume

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6
Q

Define buffy coat

A

WBC and platelets in a hematocrit

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7
Q

What is a normal hematocrit level for newborns?

A

up to 60%

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8
Q

What is a normal hematocrit level for adult males?

A

40-54%

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9
Q

What is a normal hematocrit level for adult females?

A

36-46%

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10
Q

Define coagulation

A

blood clotting.
platelets produce a substance that combines with Ca ions to form THROMBOPLASTIN, which converts PROTHROMBIN into THROMBIN, which converts FIBRINOGEN into FIBRIN (causes blood plasma to gel)

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11
Q

What is another name for platelets?

A

thrombocytes

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12
Q

What diseases are associated with a low platelet count?

A

autoimmune disease (antibodies attack platelets), genetic disorders (haemophilia), chemotherapy, leukemia, and viral infections

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13
Q

What diseases are associated with a high platelet count (thrombocytosis)?

A

more vulnerable to blood clots. essential thrombocythemia causes overproduction of platelets. causes stroke, heart attack, and formation of clots in arms and legs

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14
Q

What are the 5 types of WBC?

A

neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, monocytes

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15
Q

Which WBC are granulocytes?

A

neutrophils, eosinophils and basophils

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16
Q

Which WBC are agranulocytes?

A

lymphocytes and monocytes

17
Q

What percent of WBC do neutrophils make up?

A

62%

18
Q

What percent of WBC do eosinophils make up?

A

2.3%

19
Q

What percent of WBC do basophils make up?

A

0.4%

20
Q

What percent of WBC do lymphocytes make up?

A

30%

21
Q

What percent of WBC do monocytes make up?

A

5.3%

22
Q

What is the function of neutrophils?

A

phagocytosis of bacteria and cellular debris

23
Q

What is the function of eosinophils?

A

break down blood clots and kill parasites

24
Q

What is the function of lymphocytes?

A

produce antibodies

25
Q

What is the function of basophils?

A

synthesize histamine and heparin

26
Q

What is the function of monocytes?

A

phagocytosis (macrophage in liver, spleen, lungs and lymph nodes)

Physiology (8 decks)

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