LAB EXAM SKELETAL

Question 1

how many bones are in the human skeleton?

Answer 1

206

Question 2

what is the axial skeleton?

Answer 2

bones that lie around the longitudinal axis of the human body

Question 3

what bones are included in the appendicular skeleton?

Answer 3

bones of the upper and lower limbs (extremities) and the bones forming the girdles that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton

Question 4

what type of bone marking allows the passages of blood vessels and nerves and forms joints?

Answer 4

depressions and openings

Question 5

what type of bone marking projects or outgrows form joints and serve as attachment points for ligaments and tendons?

Answer 5

processes

Question 6

what is spinous process?

Answer 6

slender projection of vertebrae

Question 7

what is a foramen?

Answer 7

opening in bone which blood vessels and or nerves pass

Question 8

what bony process is large, round and articular?

Answer 8

condyle

Question 9

what is a bony protuberance above a condyle called?

Answer 9

epicondyle

Question 10

what is a shallow depression in bone?

Answer 10

fossa

Question 11

what is a tubercule?

Answer 11

small rounded projection

Question 12

what is a tuberosity?

Answer 12

large bony prominence that is not articular

Question 13

what is a meatus? give an example?

Answer 13

tube- like canal
external auditory meatus (under ear)

Question 14

what are two very large bony projections called?

Answer 14

trochanter

Question 15

what is a fissure?

Answer 15

narrow slit between adjacent parts of bones thru which blood vessels or nerves pass

Question 16

what is a sulcus?

Answer 16

furrow along bone surface that accommodates blood vessels, nerves or tendons

Question 17

what is a facet? and is a process that forms joints?

Answer 17

smooth, flat, slightly concave or convex articular surface

Question 18

what is the head of the bone? and is a process that forms joints

Answer 18

usually rounded articular projection supported on neck (constricted portion) of bone

Question 19

what is a line? and it is a form attachment points for CT

Answer 19

long, narrow ridge or border (that is less prominent than crest)

Question 20

how many total bones in the axial skeleton? what are they?

Answer 20

80 total bones
skull, vertebral column (includes sacrum), ribs and sternum

Question 21

how many facial and cranial bones are there?

Answer 21

14 facial, 8 cranial

Question 22

how many palantine bones are there?

Answer 22

2

Question 23

how many lacrimal bones are there?

Answer 23

2

Question 24

how many inferior nasal conchae are there?

Answer 24

2

Question 25

what is a suture?

Answer 25

“sean” an immovable joint between bones of the skull

Question 26

what are fontanels?

Answer 26

“little fountains” soft, mesenchyme filled spaces between cranial bones in babies become suture joints in adults

Question 27

what is the crista gali ethmoid bone?

Answer 27

thick, triangular portion of the ethmoid bone it projects superiorly to the cribiform plate

Question 28

what is the purpose of the cribiform plate?

Answer 28

allows olfactory fibers to pass through in order to smell things

Question 29

what are the 4 sinuses?

Answer 29

frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid and maxillary

Question 30

how does mucus drain?

Answer 30

from the frontal sinus to the maxillary sinus

Question 31

what parts make up the vertebrae?

Answer 31

pedicle and laminate forms the vertebral arch (surrounds spinal cord) body (weight bearing) several processes (points of attachment for muscles)

Question 32

what are the sizes of the vertebrae from smallest to largest?

Answer 32

cervical, thoracic, lumbar

Question 33

C1 is called what?

Answer 33

Atlas

Question 34

C2 is called what?

Answer 34

Axis

Question 35

which vertebrae bears greater loads?

Answer 35

lumbar vertebrae

Question 36

how many bones in the appendicular skeleton? what is the main purpose?

Answer 36

126 helps w movement

Question 37

what bones are included in appendicular skeleton?

Answer 37

upper and lower limbs includes girdles that attach to axial skeleton

Question 38

what is the upper limb divided into?

Answer 38

shoulder, arm, forearm and hand

Question 39

what is the area of upper limb attachment to the trunk called?

Answer 39

shoulder

Question 40

what is the part of the upper limb between the shoulder and the elbow joint called?

Answer 40

arm

Question 41

what is between the elbow and the wrist called?

Answer 41

forearm

Question 42

what body part is distal to the wrist?

Answer 42

hand

Question 43

what bones of the shoulder (pectoral) girdle are called?

Answer 43

scalpula and clavicle

Question 44

what is the triangular shaped scapula also called?

Answer 44

shoulder blade

Question 45

what is a large process on the posterior of the scapula called?

Answer 45

spine

Question 46

what is the flattened lateral portion of the spine called?

Answer 46

acromion

Question 47

what is a protruding projection on the anterior surface just inferior to the lateral aspect of the clavicle called?

Answer 47

coracoid process

Question 48

what is the shallow con cavity that articulates w the head of the humerus called?

Answer 48

glenoid cavity

Question 49

the scapula and coracoid process and acromion points to what side in anterior view?

Answer 49

LEFT

Question 50

where does the acromion point to in posterior view in the scapula?

Answer 50

to the right

Question 51

where and what is the olecranon fossa located?

Answer 51

deep triangular depression located on the posterior side of the humerus, superior to the trochlea

Question 52

what is the capitilum of the humerus?

Answer 52

the lateral portion of the articular surface of humerus that consists of a smooth, rounded eminence

Question 53

what is the coronoid fossa in the humerus?

Answer 53

located superior to the trochlea and accommodates the coronoid process of the ulna and superior to the capitilum on the anterior surface of the condyle

Question 54

what is the deltoid tuberosity?

Answer 54

it’s the rough triangular prominence found at the middle third of the anterior lateral surface of the humerus

Question 55

what is the medial malleolus?

Answer 55

the bony bump on the inside of your ankle

Question 56

the only bone in the arm is the …

Answer 56

humerus

Question 57

what two projections does the head of the humerus have?

Answer 57

greater tubercule - laterally lesser tubercule - anteriorly

Question 58

where is the long head of the biceps brachii located?

Answer 58

intertubercular sulcus/groove in between the tubercules

Question 59

what are the two bones of the forearm?

Answer 59

radius and ulna

Question 60

radius lies…

Answer 60

laterally in anatomic position and widens distally

Question 61

ulna lies…

Answer 61

medically and widens proximally into the olecranon process (large prominence as we feel the tip of the elbow)

Question 62

how many carpal bones make up the wrist?

Answer 62

8

Question 63

how many metacarpal bones in the palm of the hand are there?

Answer 63

5

Question 64

each finger except the thumb or 1st digit is composed of 3 phalanges. what are they?

Answer 64

proximal, middle and distal

Question 65

what are the joints of the hand?

Answer 65

carpometacarpal, metacarpophalangeal, interphalangeal

Question 66

the lower limb is divided into…?

Answer 66

the gluteal region (major bones forming hip girdle), thigh, leg and foot

Question 67

the gluteal region is located where?

Answer 67

between the iliac crest and the hip joint

Question 68

the thigh is located where?

Answer 68

between hip and knee joint

Question 69

the leg is located?

Answer 69

between knee and ankle

Question 70

the foot is …. to the ankle?

Answer 70

distal

Question 71

the pelvic girdle is made up of …. hope bones

Answer 71

2

Question 72

what is the longest, heaviest and strongest bone in the body?

Answer 72

the femur

Question 73

what is common site of fracture in the femur?

Answer 73

the neck (distal to head)

Question 74

the head of the femur articulates with what of the hip bone forming the hip (coxal) joint?

Answer 74

acetabulum

Question 75

distally the medial and lateral femoral condyles articulate with the tibia to form the ….

Answer 75

knee joint

Question 76

femur articulates w the…?

Answer 76

patella

Question 77

the greater and lesser trochanters are projections where …. muscles attach in the femur?

Answer 77

larger

Question 78

the tibia is always … and is larger and bears all the weight

Answer 78

medial

Question 79

the fibula is always …. is smaller and non weight bearing

Answer 79

lateral

Question 80

where is the first medial cuneiform found in the foot?

Answer 80

big toe

Question 81

where is the 2nd intermediate cuneiform found in the foot?

Answer 81

2nd toe next to big toe

Question 82

where is the 3rd lateral cuneiform found in the foot?

Answer 82

next to medial 2nd intermediate cuneiform