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lab final Flashcards

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1
Q

regenerative anemia is ____cytic

A

macrocytic

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2
Q

T/F

Fe deficiency anemia cells have decreased central pallor

A

FALSE - increased

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3
Q

microcytic cells are ____ anemia

A

iron deficiency

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4
Q

cell type seen in dogs with hemangiosarcoma

A

acanthocytes

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5
Q

cell seen in envenomation

A

echinocytes

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6
Q

2 cell types seen in fe def anemia

A

schistocytes and keratocytes

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7
Q

cells that have the hemoglobin shifted to one side are indicative of what

what are these called?

A

seen with heinz body formation!!
onion ingestion
oxidative damage

Called eccentrocytes

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8
Q

cells that lack central pallor and are indicative of IMHA

A

spherocytes

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9
Q

T/F

basophilic stippling is normal in ruminants

A

TRUE

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10
Q

when you see basophilic stippling in dogs/cats what is it indicative of

A

lead toxicity

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11
Q

1 DDx of heinz bodies in cats

A

acetaminophen

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12
Q

causes heinz bodies in horses

A

Phenothiazine; Wilted Red Maple Leaves

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13
Q

what are the ddx when you see howell jolly bodies in an anemic patient

A

corticosteroids

lead poisoning

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14
Q

what are the ddx when you see howell jolly bodies and no anemia

A

Splenectomy
or
Non-functioning spleen

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15
Q

Common cause of hemolytic anemia cats

and Peripherally located on RBC’s

A

Mycoplasma haemofelis

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16
Q

increase of banded neutrophils is diagnostic for

A

inflammation

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17
Q

hypersegmented neutrophil ddx

A

Corticosteroids; Letting blood sit around prior to making

blood film

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18
Q

high number of plasma cells seen

A

multiple myeloma

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19
Q

monocytes become _____ in tissue

A

macrophages

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20
Q

Large cells w/ segmented nuclei, pink cytoplasm and pink granules

A

eosinophils

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21
Q

eosinophils are indicative of

A

Non-RBC parasitism;
Hypersensitivity reaction;
Mast Cell Tumors

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22
Q

Least numerous WBC with large cell w/ bluecytoplasm and blue granules

Contain histamine & Heparin

A

basophils

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23
Q

basophils are indicative of

A

Allergic rxn; Parasitic (Heartworm disease)

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24
Q

blue top tube

A

citrate tube

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25
what is in a citrate tube
anticoagulant
26
what tube would you use for a coagulation panel
citrate (blue) top
27
what tube do you use for serum
red top tube contains nothing
28
tube that contains heparin anticoagulant
green / heparin
29
tube used to obtain plasma for biochemical tests
green
30
use to maintain unclotted whole blood
purple top - edta tube
31
what happens with inadequate filling of a purple top tuve
erythrocytes shrink -- will give decreased PCV/MCV also tube artificially elevates K+ and lowers Ca
32
universal donor dog blood
DEA 4/5
33
highly immunogenic dog blood type
DEA 1.1/1.2
34
T/F | Can transfuse dog once w/o testing and have no reaction
true
35
in a blood test, what does agglutination mean
POSITIVE for that type -- can transfuse
36
blood transfusion matching that will kill cat
type B blood has a strong response to type A - death type A has a weak response to type B
37
highly immunogenic blood types in horses
- Aa & Qa = Highly immunogenic blood types indicated in neonatal isoerythrolysis – Foal ok until ingests colostrum
38
type of cross match: | PATIENT’s serum with DONOR’s RBC’s
Major cross match
39
type of cross match: | DONOR’s serum with PATIENT’s RBC
Minor cross match
40
when do you use a mino cross match
ONly when patient is getting a plasma transfusion
41
which type of cross match will you transfuse? | positive or negative
NEGATIVE
42
cross match where you see no agglutination and no hemolysis ???
negative!! safe to transfuse!
43
cross match where you see agglutination or hemolysis ?
positive!! DO NOT TRANSFUSE
44
#1 bacteria to see in urinalysis
E. Coli
45
i found some parasites in my urine...
Giant Kidney Worm or Fecal contaminated urine
46
i found some yeast or fungal hyphae in my urine
Check specimen age/storage condition OR Chronic antibiotic use; Immunosuppression (FELV/FIV)
47
what could be the differential diagnosis if you have squamous cells in your urinalysis
they are rarely pathogenic | could be sertoli cell tumor though
48
what could be the DDx of finding transitional cells in your urinalysis
Bladder Polyps/ hyperplasia due to inflammation; | transitional cell tumors
49
what do caudate cells in a urinalysis mean
Pyelonephritis
50
what do renal cells in the urinalysis mean
Pyelonephritis; | toxic/infectious/ischemic injury
51
what should you do if you suspect transitional cell carcinoma ?
send sample off for testing
52
urinalysis crystal that is “Envelope” appearance, small, colorless, square and is normal in domestic animals
Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate
53
what are some ddx for Calcium Oxalate Dihydrate
Storage artifact; Min. Schnauzers predisposed to Ca Ox urolithiasis; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; ARF
54
“Coffin Lid” appearance crystal in urinalyis
Struvite
55
Struvite ddx
urease + bacterial UTI
56
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate is normal in what species
horses
57
Calcium Oxalate Monohydrate most common ddx
ethylene glycol toxicosis
58
urinalysis crystal common in horses, rabbits, guinea pigs, | goats
Calcium carbonate
59
large sphere crystals with radial striations -- turn urine brown
Calcium carbonate
60
crystal that has no clinical significance, and is Yellow/Yellow-brown fine granular material that turns the urine Acidic
Amorphous
61
orange/copper bundles that are normal in small amounts in the urine
bilirubin
62
increased bilirubin in the urine could be
Icturus R/O: Pre-hepatic; hepatic; post-hepatic; Hemolysis (EVH); Hepatobiliary dz

clinpath (3 decks)

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