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Insect Biology > Lab final -Lab 4 > Flashcards

Lab final -Lab 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Elongated head with long prothorax; Female with long slender ovipositor; forelegs located on posterior end of prothorax; predaceous

A

Raphidioptera (snakeflies)

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2
Q

Medium to large insects, usually dark coloured. 2 pairs of membranous wings of similar size, held roof-like over body. Wing venation complex but without forked branching near wing margin. Larvae are active predators. Adults are short-lived and rarely feed

A

Order Megaloptera

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3
Q

Very large (usually over 25 mm). Large wings often with dark patches; highly veined; Large mandibles, extra long and curved in males. Long filiform or moniliform antennae

A

Megaloptera

Dobsonflies

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4
Q

Similar to dobsonflies but smaller and with short mandibles in both sexes. Antennae pectinate or serrate. some species have black wings
Larvae: aquatics. Large mandibles, lateral tactile filaments on most abdominal segments and tufts of gills on ventro-lateral side of abdomen

A

Megaloptera

Fishflies

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5
Q

Four membranous wings, with distinctive wing patterns with extra forked branches mainly found at the ventral margin of the wings. Front and hind wings similar in shape and venation and held rooflike over body. Chewing mouthparts. Long filiform antennae. Predaceous.

A

Order Neuroptera

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6
Q

Most are greenish in color with copper-colored eyes, long filiform antennae. Larvae are called aphidlions. They have long curved mandibles and are predaceous mainly on aphids.

A 
Order Neuroptera
Family Chrysopidae (Lacewings)
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7
Q

Similar to mantids, with long prothorax and raptorial forelegs . But smaller and different wings (no tegmina).

A 
Order Neuroptera
Family Mantispidae (Mantispids
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8
Q

Similar to damselflies but with long clubbed antennae. Long slender abdomen.
Larvae with long mandibles. Feed on ants or other insects.

A 
Order Neuroptera
Family Myrmeleontidae (antlion)
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9
Q

Four wings, similar in shape, often with dark markings. Head with chewing mouthparts at the end of long snout. Mainly predaceous or scavengers on dead insects

A

Order Mecoptera

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10
Q

Tarsi with 2 claws. Male genitalia enlarged and recurved resembling the sting of a scorpion. Female’s abdomen flattened posteriorly

A

Order Mecoptera

Scorpionflies

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11
Q

Long slender legs with modified tarsal segments to hang on branches and to catch prey. Narrow wings. Tarsi raptorial (fifth tarsi folded over fourth)

A

Order Mecoptera

Hangingflies

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12
Q

Very small. Extreme sexual dimorphism:
Adult males are free living, they have large membranous wings on metathorax, front wings reduced to halter-like structures. Large eyes. Branched antennae (flabellate).
Adult females are parasitic. They are wingless, they lack eyes, antennae and legs. The head and thorax are fused (forming a cephalothorax as in spiders). Only the cephalothorax emerges from host.

A

Order Strepsiptera (twisted wing parasites)

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13
Q

Small, wingless, laterally flattened with numerous comb-like projecting spines and bristles. Shiny brown or black. Long jumping hindlegs: with coxae greatly enlarged. Short antennae, in grooves of head. Sucking mouthparts, eyes present or absent. Feed on blood in adult stage and on organic matter as larvae. Adults are external parasites of birds and mammals.

A

Order Siphonaptera (fleas)

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14
Q

Predaceous. Aquatic. Hind legs flattened and fringed for swimming, smooth, broadly oval body, long filiform antennae; longer than maxillary palps.
Some species have sexually dimorphic front legs - males have a sucker for gripping females during mating.

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Dytiscidae (predaceous diving beetles)
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15
Q

Predaceous. Aquatic. Smooth, oval shaped body, middle and hind legs very short, flattened and paddlelike for swimming, eyes divided on each side - one pair above surface, one pair below - specialize for surface swimming. Short, somewhat clubbed antennae.

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Gyrinidae (Whirligig beetles
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16
Q

Predaceous. Terrestrial. Legs adapted for running, head (at eye level) usually narrower than pronotum. Antennae filiform, arising between base of mandibles and eye

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Carabidae (ground beetles)
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17
Q

Predaceous. Terrestrial. Have the head usually as wide or wider than pronotum, mandibles long and sickle-like

A 
Order Coleoptera
Subfamily Cicindelinae (tiger beetles)
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18
Q

Predaceous, terrestrial. Body elongated, flattened with soft elytra. Broad pronotum, covers head. Antennae filiform, serrate or bipectinate

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Lampyridae (fireflies)
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19
Q

Distinctive shape and colour (mostly red, orange, some yellow, some black). Head often concealed by pronotum, short clubbed antennae. Tarsi apparently 3-3-3 (forelegs, midlegs, hindlegs) (but actually 4-4-4)

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Coccinellidae (ladybird beetles)
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20
Q

Phytophagous. Head prolonged into a snout - mouthparts at end. Antennae often elbowed and clubbed, often arising in the middle of the snout. Elytra hard, well sclerotized.

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Curculionidae (Weevils)
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21
Q

Phytophagous. Long filiform antennae usually at least half as long as body. Eye often notched or divided, with antenna arising within the notch

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Cerambycidae (long-horned beetles)
22
Q

Phytophagous. Antennae less than half as long as body, eyes generally not notched or divided. Tarsi apparently 4-4-4 (but actually 5-5-5). Large family.

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Chrysomelidae (leaf beetles)
23
Q

Family Chrysomelidae. Yellow thorax with brown spots, Elytra with alternating ivory and black/dark brown longitudinal lines.
Larvae: Humped back shape. Reddish-brown with two rows of dark brown spots.

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Chrysomelidae
Colorado Potato Beetle

24
Q

Family Chrysomelidae. Black head and legs with solid red thorax and elytra

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Chrysomelidae
Lily leaf beetle

25
Q

Family Chrysomelidae. Black, or metallic dark green or blue, small. Jumping hind legs

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Chrysomelidae
Flea beetle

26
Q

Family Chrysomelidae. Thorax and elytra extended at margins: legs and head are not visible from above.

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Chrysomelidae
Tortoise beetle

27
Q

Family Chrysomelidae. Black head, yellow thorax, elytra with alternating black and yellow lines (2 each per elytron)

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Chrysomelidae
Striped cucumber beetles

28
Q

Phytophagous. Often robust, metallic or bronze in colour, elytra often sculptured. Distinct shape with elytra often pointed, long antennae usually serrate (sawlike). Damage caused by the larvae usually in the form of winding tunnels beneath the bark surface. Adult emergence holes are D-shaped.

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Buprestidae (metallic wood-boring beetles)
29
Q

Size and color variable. Very large species in the tropics. Robust, stout body. Lamellate antennae - elongate club of usually 3-4 segments (up to 7) that can be closed

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Scarabaeidae (scarab beetles)
30
Q

Family Scarabaeidae. Phytophagous. common at porch lights in May/June, medium to dark brown-reddish in colour.
Larva called white grubs

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Scarabaeidae
June Beetle

31
Q

Family Scarabaeidae. Phytophagous. Iridescent beige/tan elytra and shiny green thorax and head. Larva are called white grubs.

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Scarabaeidae
Japanese Beetles

32
Q

Family Scarabaeidae. Saphrophagous. usually dark brown/black in colour, wide range of sizes (4-23mm locally). Some males have a pronounced horn on the head or pronotum

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Scarabaeidae
Dung Beetle

33
Q

Saprophagous. Clubbed antennae (clavate or capitate), last 3 segments often with hairs. Broad prothorax. Elytra often short, leaving 1 to 3 abdominal segments exposed or elytra somewhat broader posteriorly. Red and black or yellow and black pattern. Elytra is either short or covers head

A 
Orde Coleoptera
Family Silphidae (carrion beetle)
34
Q

Saphrophagous. Elytra short, tip of abdomen exposed. Antennae clubbed. One common species (Picnic beetle), is black with gold spots

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Nitidulidae (picnic beetle)
35
Q

Small, convex beetle, antennae with 3 segmented club. Often with scales or hairs. Larvae usually covered with long setae and with a tuft of long hairs at the tip of abdomen.

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Dermestidae (dermestid beetle)
36
Q

Family Dermestidae. Saphrophagous. About 6-8 mm. Dark brown with a distinct wide yellowish band across elytra.

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Dermestidae
Larder beetle

37
Q

Family Dermestidae. Saphrophagous. Usually smaller, 2-5 mm. Oval to almost circular. Black, often with irregular yellowish brown patterns.

A

Order Coleoptera
Family Dermestidae
Carpet beetle

38
Q

Long and narrow, parallel sided - characteristic shape. Large pronotum with pointed hind corners. Spine on prosternum that fits into a grove on mesosternum (the click mechanism used to right themselves up). Antennae usually serrate (sawlike).
Larvae are called wireworms: Usually dark yellow or brown and well sclerotized

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Elateridae (Click beetles)
39
Q

Elytra soft and flexible. Some have short elytra and no hind wings (white arrow). Pronotum narrow (narrower than both the head and base of elytra). Head broad. Antennae filiform. Males of some species have modified antennae used to grasp female’s antennae during copulation

A 
Order Coleoptera
Family Meloidae (blister beetle)
40
Q

2 pairs of wings, alike in shape, triangular, held rooflike at rest, wings with small hairs, antennae long, proboscis vestigial, maxillary and labial palps present
Larva: aquatic and case forming

A

Order Trichoptera (caddisflies)

41
Q

Coil proboscis. Varied antennae. Two pairs of membranous wings with scales.
Larva have sclerotized head, chewing mouthparts, 3 pairs of segmented thoracic legs, and abdomen with up to 5 pairs of short unsegmented prolegs

A

Order Lepidoptera

42
Q

All have clubbed antennae, are brightly colored, and the wings are held vertically over the body at rest. Mouthparts in the form of a long sucking tube, known as proboscis.

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Superfamily Papilionoidae (butterflies)
43
Q

Papilionoidae. Fully developed front legs. Hind wing often with tail-like extension.

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Superfamily Papilionoidae
Family Papilionidae (swallowtails)
44
Q

Papilionoidae. Colour - white, yellow or orange, often with black wing margins. Tarsal claws bifid (forked).

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Superfamily Papilionoidae
Family Pieridae (whites/sulfurs)
45
Q

Papilionoidae. Base of antenna touching eye, antennae usually with white rings, and white ring around eye, males often have short front legs, females with normal front legs.

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Superfamily Papilionoidae
Family Lycaenidae (blues, coppers, and hairstreaks)
46
Q

Papilionoidae. Antennal bases separated from eyes. Front legs very short and covered with long hairs, claws absent.

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Superfamily Papilionoidae
Family Nymphalidae (brushfooted butterflies)
47
Q

Differ from typical butterflies by their large head, at least as wide or wider than thorax. Antennal base widely separated. Antennae with apical hook. Compact body (moth-like). Fully developed front legs. Wings at various angles when at rest. Most species orange and brown.

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Superfamily Papilionoidae
Family Hesperiidae (Skippers)
48
Q

Antennae are filiform, setaceous or plumose, most are dull colored and they hold their wings flat over the body or horizontally at rest.

A

Order Lepidoptera

Moths

49
Q

Wings with large clear areas devoid of scales. Often mimic wasps. Front wings long and narrow, hind wings broad. Sexual dimorphism common

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Family Sesiidae (clearwinged moths)
50
Q

Large distinctive moths often with feathery (or bipectinate) antennae (for half the length or more), antennae larger in males. Eyespots (false eye – circular pattern devoid of scales) sometimes present on the wings. Mouthparts vestigial, adults do not feed.

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Family Saturniidae (giant silkworm moths)
51
Q

Antennae and body spindle-shaped: body pointed anteriorly and posteriorly. Antennae often curved or hooked at the tips, but never knobbed as in butterflies and skippers. Front wings long, pointed and much bigger than hind wings. Some species have mostly clear wings. Some look like bumble bees. Some species with a particularly long proboscis
Larva: called hornworms

A 
Order Lepidoptera
Family Sphingidae (sphinx moths)

Insect Biology (6 decks)

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