lab four: myology - pectoral area and superficial and deep neck

Question 1

parallel

Answer 1

fascicles are parallel to the longitudinal axis and terminate in flat tendons

ex: sternohyoid

Question 2

fusiform

Answer 2

fascicles are nearly parallel to the longitudinal axis with a belly that narrows toward the tendons

ex: biceps brachii

Question 3

circular

Answer 3

fascicles are arranged concentrically

ex: orbicularis oculi

Question 4

triangular

Answer 4

fascicles converge from a broad origin to a narrow insertion

ex: trapezius

Question 5

unipennate

Answer 5

fascicles attach to one of the two sides of a tendon

ex: extensor digitorum longus

Question 6

bipennate

Answer 6

fascicles attach on both sides of a central tendon

ex: rectus femoris

Question 7

multipennate

Answer 7

fascicles attach obliquely to tendons in various direction

ex: deltoid

Question 8

most skeletal muscles run from one _____ to another

Answer 8

bone

Question 9

tendons

Answer 9

connect muscle to bone

Question 10

ligaments

Answer 10

connect bone to bone

Question 11

when one bone moves, another bone remains _____

Answer 11

fixed

Question 12

origin

Answer 12

the less movable attachment

Question 13

insertion

Answer 13

the more movable attachment

Question 14

sacromere

Answer 14

“atomic unit” of contraction present in skeletal muscle cells

Question 15

abdominal wall muscles

Answer 15

obliques (external and internal), transverse abdominis, rectus abdominis

Question 16

action of obliques (external and internal)

Answer 16

compression of abdomen, flexion, and rotation of trunk

Question 17

origin of external oblique

Answer 17

ribs

Question 18

insertion of external oblique

Answer 18

iliac crest

Question 19

origin of internal oblique

Answer 19

iliac crest

Question 20

insertion of internal oblique

Answer 20

ribs

Question 21

action of transverse abdominis

Answer 21

compression of abdomen

Question 22

origin of transverse abdominis

Answer 22

ribs and iliac crest

Question 23

insertion of transverse abdominis

Answer 23

linea alba

Question 24

action of rectus abdominis

Answer 24

flexion of trunk; compression of abdominal wall

Question 25

origin of rectus abdominis

Answer 25

pubic crest

Question 26

insertion of rectus abdominis

Answer 26

xiphoid process and ribs 5-7

Question 27

breathing muscles

Answer 27

intercostals (external and internal) and diaphragm

Question 28

action of intercostals (external and internal)

Answer 28

elevation and depression of ribs

Question 29

origin of external intercostals

Answer 29

superior border of ribs

Question 30

insertion of external intercostals

Answer 30

inferior border of ribs

Question 31

origin of internal intercostals

Answer 31

inferior border of ribs

Question 32

insertion of internal intercostals

Answer 32

superior border of ribs

Question 33

action of diaphragm

Answer 33

opens thoracic cavity for lungs during inspiration

Question 34

origin of diaphragm

Answer 34

ribs 5-10 and lumbar vertebrae

Question 35

insertion of diaphragm

Answer 35

central tendon

Question 36

muscles of the scalp

Answer 36

frontalis and occipitalis

Question 37

action of frontalis

Answer 37

raises eyebrows

Question 38

origin of frontalis

Answer 38

epicranial aponeurosis

Question 39

insertion of frontalis

Answer 39

skin of eyebrows and root of nose

Question 40

action of occipitalis

Answer 40

pulls scalp posteriorly

Question 41

origin of occipitalis

Answer 41

occipital bone

Question 42

insertion of occipitalis

Answer 42

epicranial aponeurosis

Question 43

mastication muscles

Answer 43

temporalis and masseter

Question 44

action of temporalis

Answer 44

closes jaw; retracts mandible

Question 45

origin of temporalis

Answer 45

temporal fossa

Question 46

insertion of temporalis

Answer 46

coronoid process (mandible)

Question 47

action of masseter

Answer 47

closes jaw

Question 48

origin of masseter

Answer 48

zygomatic arch

Question 49

insertion of masseter

Answer 49

angle and ramus (mandible)

Question 50

facial expression muscles

Answer 50

zygomaticus, buccinator, platysma, orbicularis oculi, orbicularis oris, levator labii superioris, depressor labii superioris

Question 51

action of zygomaticus

Answer 51

elevates corners of mouth

Question 52

origin of zygomaticus

Answer 52

zygomatic bone

Question 53

insertion of zygomaticus

Answer 53

corner of mouth

Question 54

action of buccinator

Answer 54

compression of cheek

Question 55

origin of buccinator

Answer 55

molar region (maxilla and mandible)

Question 56

insertion of buccinator

Answer 56

orbicularis oris

Question 57

action of platysma

Answer 57

tenses skin of neck; depression of lower lip

Question 58

origin of platysma

Answer 58

fascia of chest

Question 59

insertion of platysma

Answer 59

mandible and corner of mouth

Question 60

action of orbicularis oculi

Answer 60

closes eyes

Question 61

origin of orbicularis oculi

Answer 61

frontal bone and maxilla

Question 62

insertion of orbicularis oculi

Answer 62

eyelids

Question 63

action of orbicularis oris

Answer 63

closes and protrudes lips

Question 64

origin of orbicularis oris

Answer 64

maxilla and mandible

Question 65

insertion of orbicularis oris

Answer 65

angles of mouth

Question 66

action of levator labii superioris

Answer 66

elevation of upper lip

Question 67

origin of levator labii superioris

Answer 67

zygomatic bone and infraorbial margin (maxilla)

Question 68

insertion of levator labii superioris

Answer 68

upper lip

Question 69

action of depressor labii superioris

Answer 69

depression of lower lip

Question 70

origin of depressor labii superioris

Answer 70

body of mandible

Question 71

insertion of depressor labii superioris

Answer 71

lower lip

Question 72

anterolateral neck muscles

Answer 72

sternocleidomastoid and scalenes

Question 73

action of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 73

flexion and rotation of neck

Question 74

origin of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 74

manubrium and clavicle

Question 75

insertion of sternocleidomastoid

Answer 75

mastoid process (temporal bone)

Question 76

action of scalenes

Answer 76

elevation of ribs 1 and 2; rotation of neck

Question 77

origin of scalenes

Answer 77

transverse processes of cervical vertebrae (C3-C7)

Question 78

insertion of scalenes

Answer 78

ribs 1 and 2

Question 79

anterior thorax muscles

Answer 79

serratus anterior and rhomboids

Question 80

action of serratus anterior

Answer 80

abduction and rotation of scapula

Question 81

origin of serratus anterior

Answer 81

true ribs

Question 82

insertion of serratus anterior

Answer 82

medial border (scapula)

Question 83

action of rhomboids

Answer 83

adduction and elevation of scapula

Question 84

origin of rhomboids

Answer 84

spinous processes of vertebrae (C7-T5)

Question 85

insertion of rhomboids

Answer 85

medial border (scapula)

Question 86

intrinsic muscles of back

Answer 86

splenius

Question 87

action of splenius

Answer 87

rotation of head; extension of neck

Question 88

origin of splenius

Answer 88

spinous process of vertebrae (C7-T6)

Question 89

insertion of splenius

Answer 89

temporal an occipital bone

Question 90

anterior neck (suprahyoid) muscles

Answer 90

digastric, mylohyoid, geniohyoid

Question 91

action of digastric

Answer 91

elevation of hyoid; opens mouth

Question 92

origin of digastric

Answer 92

lower margin (mandible); mastoid process (temporal bone)

Question 93

insertion of digastric

Answer 93

hyoid bone

Question 94

action of mylohyoid

Answer 94

elevation of hyoid and floor of mouth

Question 95

origin of mylohyoid

Answer 95

medial surface (mandible)

Question 96

insertion of mylohyoid

Answer 96

hyoid bone

Question 97

action of geniohyoid

Answer 97

elevation and protraction of hyoid bone

Question 98

origin of geniohyoid

Answer 98

mental tubercule

Question 99

insertion of geniohyoid

Answer 99

hyoid bone

Question 100

anterior neck (infrahyoid) muscles

Answer 100

sternohyoid, sternothyroid, thyrohyoid

Question 101

action of sternohyoid

Answer 101

depression of hyoid and larynx

Question 102

origin of sternohyoid

Answer 102

manubrium (sternum)

Question 103

insertion of sternohyoid

Answer 103

hyoid bone

Question 104

action of sternothyroid

Answer 104

depression of hyoid and larynx

Question 105

origin of sternothyroid

Answer 105

manubrium (sternum)

Question 106

insertion of sternothyroid

Answer 106

thyroid cartilage

Question 107

action of thyrohyoid

Answer 107

depression of hyoid; elevation of larynx

Question 108

origin of thyrohyoid

Answer 108

thyroid cartilage

Question 109

insertion of thyrohyoid

Answer 109

hyoid bone