Lab Midterm 4 Flashcards by Kristin Brown

Anatomy of Spinal Cord (Meninges: Superficial to Deep)

Dura Mater, Arachnoid Mater, Sub Arachnoid Space, Cerebrospinal Fluid, Pia Mater

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Which portion of Spine is narrow

Cervical and Lumbar Spine

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Cervical Plexus Nerves

Phrenic nerve (Diaphagm)

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Brachial Plexus Nerves

Radial
Ulnar
Median
Axillary
Musculocutaneous

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What does the radial nerve innervate?

Triceps brachii
extensor muscles of wrist
extensor carpi radialis (longus/brevis)
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor digitorum

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What sensation does the radial nerve sense?

posterior/back of hand

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What does the Ulnar Nerve innervate?

Motor to flexor carpi ulnaris
Sensory to 5th digit and half of 4th

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What is a bundle of axons called?

fascicle

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what is the CT covering that covers a large bundle of axons?

epineurium

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what is a set of axons bundled with?

Perineurium

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what is one individual axon bundled with?

endoneurium

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What does the median nerve innervate?

motor to pronator teres and flexor muscles of wrist:
flexor carpi radialis
palmarus longus
muscles of hands

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What sense does the median nerve sense?

palm/anterior of hand

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What does the axillary nerve innervate?

motor to deltoid muscle

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What does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

motor to biceps brachii & brachialis (elbow flexion)

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Cerebellum tissue

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cerebral cortex

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Hippocampus

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Where does the lumbar plexus originate?

L1, L2, L3, L4 spinal nerves

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What does the lumbar plexus innervate?

Femoral Nerve, obturator nerve

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What does the Femoral nerve innervate?

Motor to quadriceps femoris muscles
Rectus femoris
vastus lateralis
vastus medialis
vastus intermedius
sartorius
portions of illiopsoas

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What does the obturator nerve innervate?

Motor to adductor muscles of thigh
gracilis
adductor magnus
adductor longus
adductor brevis

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What types of cells are seen here?

White halo=ogliodendrocytes
Blue=axons

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What types of cells are seen here?

Cortical pyramidal cell

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What types of cells are seen here?

Large=Purkinje cell Smaller=Granule cells

What types of cells are seen here?

Small Purple=granule cells blue=axons & glial cells

What is the origin of the Sacral Plexus?

L4, L5, S1, S2, S3, S4 Spinal Nerves

What does the sacral plexus include?

Sciatic Nerve Tibial Nerve Common peroneal nerve

What does the Sciatic Nerve innervate?

Motor to hamstring muscles biceps femoris semitendinosus semimembranosus

What sensory is via the sciatic nerve?

sensory for most of leg and foot

what does the tibial nerve innervate?

Motor to gastrocnemius and soleus (plantar-flexion of ankle)

What does the common peroneal nerve innervate?

Motor to tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum londus (dorsiflexion of ankle)

Other Nerves

What type of cells are present?

Astrocytes supporting blood vessels

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 1?

Olfactory nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 2?

Optic Nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 3?

Oculomotor nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 4?

Trochlear Nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 5?

Trigeminal Nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 6?

Abducens nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 7?

Facial Nerve

What cells are present, and help with immunity and cleaning?

Microglial cells

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 8?

Vestibulocochlear nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 9?

Glossopharyngeal nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 10?

Vagus Nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 11?

Accessory nerve

What is the name of Cranial Nerve 12?

Hypoglossal nerve

What kind of cells do you find in grey matter in spinal cord

cell bodies of neurons

What is visible in this slide?

Big= Motor neuron cell bodies

What kind of cells do you find in white matter in spinal cord

mylenated axons (ogliodendrocytes)

What is shown in this slide?

Immunostained for myelin basic protein to show Schwann Cells and myelin

What does Cranial Nerve 1 do?

Sense of smell

What does Cranial Nerve 2 do?

Central and peripheral vision

What does Cranial Nerve 3 do?

pupillary constriction

What does Cranial Nerve 4 do?

Move eyes towards tip of nose

What does Cranial Nerve 5 do?

V1- Opthamalic (afferent) V2- Maxillary (afferent) V3-Mandibular (chewing-efferent)

What does Cranial Nerve 6 do?

Eye movements from side to side

What does Cranial Nerve 7 do?

facial movements and expressions afferent sensory for taste

What does Cranial Nerve 8 do?

Hearing and balance

What does Cranial Nerve 9 do?

Tongue motor, throat motor

What does Cranial Nerve 10 do?

Efferent: heart, lungs, palate, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, GI tract Afferent: Heart, lungs, trachea, bronchi, larynx, pharynx, GI tract, external ear

What does Cranial Nerve 11 do?

Efferent: motor of neck and shoulder

What does Cranial Nerve 12 do?

Efferent: motor to tongue