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Biology 101 > Lab Practical 1 > Flashcards

Lab Practical 1 Flashcards

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0
Q

What happens to cells when they are placed in a hypotonic solution? An isotonic solution? A hypertonic solution?

A

In a hypertonic solution the cell shrivels up. In an hypotonic solution the cell will burst. In an isotonic solution it gains a shape.

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1
Q

In which organelle does photosynthesis?

A

Chloroplast

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2
Q

How do you properly put away a microscope?

A

First you shut the microscope off, you put the stage all the way down, make sure the objective lens is on the lowest magnification. Take the cord out of the plug and wrap it up. Put the bag over it. Carry it to the Cubard with your arm underneath it and you hand on the arm. And you put it up with the number facing you.

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3
Q

What is the equation to convert Celsius to Fahrenheit?

A

(C x 9/5) + 32

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4
Q

What is the equation for Fahrenheit to Celsius?

A

(F-32) 5/9

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5
Q

Which enzymes breaks down hydrogen peroxide to oxygen and water?

A

Catalyze

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6
Q

How do enzymes speed up reaction rate?

A

By lowering the energy activation.

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7
Q

Compare independent and dependent variable?

A

Independent is the income of interest that was is being manipulated. The dependent variable is the outcome of interest the results. That is what we are measuring to see if the influence affected the phenomenon. For example the independent variable for temp enzyme activity was temperature and the dependent variable was the oxygen bubbles.

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8
Q

Compare experimental and control?

A

The experimental group is what is being tested. The control group is what remains constant. The control group gives us something to compare.

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9
Q

One ml of water equals how many grams?

A

1

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10
Q

I’m which organelle does respiration occur in?

A

Mitochondria

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11
Q

Compare solvent and solute

A

Solvent is what the solute dissolves in for example sugar water. The water is the solvent and the sugar is the solute that dissolves in the water.

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12
Q

What are the indicators for proteins, fats and oils, simple sugars, and starch.

A

Simple sugar- Benedict solution
Protein- birect solution
Lipids- spot test or translucent spot test
Starch-iodine

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13
Q

List the four types of macromolecules and their monomers?

A

Proteins- amino acids
Carbohydrates-simple sugars
Lipids-‘fats and oils
Nucleotide- DNA and RNA

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14
Q

Which organelles are found in animal cells and not plant cells?

A

Centrioles

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15
Q

Which organelles are found in plant cells but not animal cells?

A

Cell wall, plasmodesma, central vacuole, chloroplast

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16
Q

Define specificity?

A

Pickiness, limited to work on only one molecule, being specific, limited to a number of jobs,

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17
Q

What test do we commonly use to show what a negative test looks like?

A

DI H2O

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18
Q

Give the overall reaction for photosynthesis?

A

6CO2+ 6H2O-C6H2 O6 + 6O2

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19
Q

What is the movement of any molecule from a higher to a lower concentration?

A

Diffusion

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20
Q

The speed of diffusion is dependent upon?

A

Temperature
Size of the molecule
Type of medium

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21
Q

What is the movement of water from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration across a selectively permeable membrane.

A

Osmosis

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22
Q

A solution is the solution which has a lower water concentration.

A

Hypertonic

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23
Q

A plant cell placed in distilled water ( hypotonic solution) will?

A

Gain water
Increase turgor pressure
Have its chloroplast pushed against the cell wall

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24
The light microscopes uses what to magnify an object?
Lenses
25
The scanning electron microscope uses_____and electrons______to produce an image of the surface of a specimen.
Electromagnetic lenses; which bounce off of the object
26
Prokaryotic cells contain.
Ribosomes
27
The_____regulates the movement of molecules into and out of the cell.
Plasma membrane
28
Animal cells have, but plant cells lack,____.
Centrioles
29
Polymers are formed by the process of______
Dehydration
30
The _____end of the emulsifier interacts with fat.
Nonpolar
31
A ______ goes through all the steps of the experiment, but lacks the factor being tested.
Control
32
Proteins are a large molecule containing a large number of smaller molecules,_______
Amino acids
33
__________ are sugars and molecules that are chains of sugar.
Carbohydrates
34
The basic unit used in the metric system is the
Gram Liter Meter Second
35
A meter_____
Contains 100 centimeters
36
A change of 10 degrees is ,or= to a change of 10 degrees Fahrenheit.
Greater than
37
When going from a larger unit to a smaller unit the number gets____
Larger
38
Ten degrees Celsius equals______degrees Fahrenheit
50
39
The _____microscope provides the greatest resolution and highest magnification image of a specimen,
Transmission electron
40
The negative test for the 4 macromolecules are.
Protein-clear Sugar-blue Starch-no change Lipids-no translucence
41
What do positive test look like in macromolecules?
Proteins-pinkish/purple Sugars-green, yellow, and orange Starch-black Lipids-translucent
42
What solution do we commonly use to show what a negative test looks like?
Deionized water
43
What is an indicator?
it is a reagent which changes in the presence of what we are testing.
44
For the potato core lab what was the independent variable and what was set he dependent variable?
Independent variable was the salt concentration. Dependent variable was the weight change.
45
What was the controlled variable of the potato core lab?
The controlled variable was the potato core.
46
What is the function of a rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Synthesis potein
47
What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
Synthesis lipids
48
What are the steps for the scientific method?
``` Observation Hypothesis Experiment/observations Conclusion Scientific theory ```
49
What is the function of a cell wall?
Provide support and protection.
50
What is the function of the plasma membrane?
Regulates entrance and exit of molecules
51
What is the function of a nucleus
Stores genetic information and synthesis DNA and RNA
52
What is the function of a nucleolid
Produce subunits of ribosomes
53
What is the function of a ribosome
Coordinates protein synthesis
54
What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum
Synthesizes and or modifies proteins and other substances
55
What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
Process, packages, and distribute proteins and lipids
56
What is the function of the vesicles/vacuole
Stores and transports substance
57
Peroxisome breaks down fatty acid and converts hydrogen peroxide into ________
water
58
What is the function of mitochondria
Carries out cellular respiration producing ATP
59
What is the function of chloroplast
Carries out photosynthesis, producing sugar
60
Cytoskeleton maintains cell shape and assists in the____________
Movement of cell parts
61
What is the function of the cilia and flagella
Movement of cell, substances
62
Centrioles in centrosome organize micro tubules in ______ and ______
Cilia and flagella
63
What is the basic units of mass
Gram
64
What is the basic unit of volume
Liter
65
What is the basic unit of length
Meter
66
What is the basic unit of time
Seconds
67
What is the basic unit of temperature
1degree Celsius or kelvin
68
What is metric system
``` Kilo-1000 Hecto-100 Deka-10 Basic unit-meter, liter, gram Deci-0.1 Centi-0.01 Milli-0.001 ```
69
What is the meniscus
Lowest margin of water level.
70
How do you calculate the total magnification?
You multiply the eyepiece power of the microscope by the power of the lens you are using. Example: 10, which is the eyepiece power times 40, which is the lens power and get 400
71
What are the four macromolecules and their monomers?
Carbohydrates-simple sugar Lipids-fats and oils Proteins-amino acids Nucleic acid- nucleotides -DNA and RNA
72
Enzymes typically end with?
Ase
73
Overall reaction for respiration?
C6H12O6+ O2=CO2+ H2O + ATP Glucose + oxygen= carbon dioxide+ Water + Energy

Biology 101 (16 decks)

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