Lab Practical Flashcards
Synapomorphy
Shared apomorphies, “derived” or more recently evolved characteristcs shared among closely related organisms
Monophyletic
Includes the most recent common ancestor and all of its dependents
Paraphyletic
Includes the most recent common ancestor but not all of its dependents
Polyphyletic
Does not include common ancestor
Cladistics
Method for determining the evolutionary relationships among a group of taxa
Spirogyra, undergoes sexual reproduction and exhibits a…
zygotic meiotic life cycle
Land plants such as Marchantia, exhibit a…
sporic meiotic life cycle
Zygotic Life Cycle
Zygote (2n) -> Meiosis 4 haploid cells (n) -> 2 Haploid Individuals (n) -> 2 gametes (n) -> Fertilization (n) -> start over
Sporic Life Cycle
Sporophyte (2n) -> Meiosis (2n) -> Spores (n) -> mitosis (n) -> gametophyte -> gametes -> zygote (2n) -> mitosis (2n) -> start over
Antheridium
male part of seedless plants
paraphyses
sterile jacket
spermatogenous
stalk
Archegonium
female part of seedless plants
neck
ventor
egg
stalk
Vascular Plants
Have a conducting system consisting of:
Phloem (food conducting tissue)
Xylem (water conducting tissue)
They have true stems, leaves and roots.
Aglaophyton
Non Vascular Plants
Rhynia
Vascular Plants
Monosporangiate
Make male or female gametes but not both
Polysporangiate
Make male or female gametes
Lycopodium
clubmosses, ground pines
Selaginella
scale-like leaves
Isoetes
parece grama
Lycophytes have…
microphylls strobili sporophylls megasporangia microsporangia
Selanginellaceae and Isoetaceae
heterosporous
ligules present on their leaves
Monilophytes
Psilotopsida - Ferns
Marattiopsida - Ferns
Polypodiopsida - Ferns
Equisetopsida - Horsetails
Psilotopsida
Psilotum, whisk fern
synangium
enation
Polypodiopsida
Leptosporangium, sporangia arising from single cells and have annulus
