Lab | Semifinals Flashcards by LOUISSE ANNE MONIQUE L. CAYLO

Q

Happens at the platelet membrane

A

Secondary hemostasis

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Q

Inhibited by coagulation control proteins

A

Fluid phase (Secondary hemostasis)

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Q

Classification of blood factors

A

Substrate
Zymogen
Serine protease
Cofactor
Calcium

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Q

Substance where an enzyme acts

A

Substrate

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Q

Enzyme precursor

A

Zymogen

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Q

Inactive form of a coagulation factor

A

Zymogen

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Q

Proteolytic enzymes of trypsin family with reactive seryl amino acid residue in active sites

A

Serine protease

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Q

Needs to be present in addition to the enzyme so a particular reaction will be catalyzed (binds SP)

A

Cofactor

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Q

Needed for activation of coagulation factors

A

Calcium

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Q

Involves in all phase of coagulation except contact phase

A

Calcium

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Q

Flips to the outer surface on activation and is the phospholipid surface on which clotting enzymes assemble

A

Phosphatidylethanolamine

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Q

Present in the cell membrane of RBCs / normal cells

A

Phospholipid

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Q

Phospholipid is composed of

A

Lipid bilayers

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Q

Most coagulation factors are synthesized in the

A

Liver

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Q

Coagulation factors

A

I - Fibrinogen
II - Prothrombin
III - Tissue factor
IV - Calcium (ionized)
V - Proaccelerin
VI - Obsolete
VII - Proconvertin
VIII - Antihemophilic factor
IX - Plasma thromboplastin component
X - Stuart-prower factor
XI - Plasma thromboplastin antecedent
XII - Hageman factor
XIII - Fibrin stabilizing factor
Prekallikrein
HMWK (High Molecular Weight Kininogen)

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Q

Prothrombin

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

Factor II
Prethrombin (a2-globulin)
SP
Common

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Q

Tissue factor

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

III
Tissue thromboplastin (lipoprotein)
—
—

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Q

Calcium

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

IV
—
—
—

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Q

Proaccelerin

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

V
Labile factor / Accelerator globulin
SP
Common

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Q

Obsolete

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

VI
—
—
—

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Q

Proconvertin

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

VII
Stable factor / Serum prothrombin conversion accelerator (B-globulin)
SP
Extrinsic

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Q

Antihemophilic factor

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

VIII
Antihemophilic factor globulin / Antihemophilic factor A / Platelet cofactor 1
Cofactor
Intrinsic

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Q

Plasma thromboplastin component

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

IX
Christmas factor / Antihemophilic factor B / Platelet cofactor 2 (glycoprotein)
SP
Intrinsic

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Q

Stuart-prower factor

Factor:
Synonym/s:
Active form:
Pathway:

A

X
Stuart factor / Prower factor / Auto prothrombin III (glycoprotein)
SP
Common

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Plasma thromboplastin antecedent Factor: Synonym/s: Active form: Pathway:

XI Antihemophilic factor C (B2-globulin) SP Intrinsic

Hageman factor Factor: Synonym/s: Active form: Pathway:

XII Glass factor / Contact factor SP Intrinsic

Fibrin stabilizing factor Factor: Synonym/s: Active form: Pathway:

XIII Laki-Lorand factor / Fibrinase / Plasma transglutaminase / Fibrinoligase Transglutaminase Common

Prekallikrein Factor: Synonym/s: Active form: Pathway:

— Fletcher factor SP Intrinsic

HMWK Factor: Synonym/s: Active form: Pathway:

— Fitzgerald factor / Williams factor / Contact activation cofactor / Flaujeac factor (glycoprotein) Cofactor Intrinsic

3 stages in secondary hemostasis

Generation of thromboplastin / Enzymatic phase Conversion of prothrombin to thrombin / Polymerization Conversion of Fibrinogen to Fibrin clot / Coagulation/clotting

Coagulation factors associated w/ Stage 1

V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII 5, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12

Very sensitive coagulation factors

V and VIII

Coagulation factors associated w/ Stage 2

II

Coagulation factors associated w/ Stage 3

I and XIII

Coagulation factors that are vitamin K dependent

II, VII, IX, X, (and Proteins C & S) 1972

Coagulation factors present in plasma

I, V, VIII, XI, XII, XIII, Prekallikrein, and HMWK 1, 5, 8, 11, 12, 13

Produced in endothelial cells and megakaryocytes

VonWillebrand factor

Stored in a-granules of platelets and in “Weibel-Palade bodies” of endothelial cells

VonWillebrand factor

Formation of complexes

- TF, F VIIa, PL, and Ca - F IXa, F VIII, Ca, and PF3 = Tenase - F Xa, F Va, Ca, and PF3 = Prothrombinase

Starts at factor XII and culminates in fibrin polymerization

Intrinsic pathway

a.k.a. Tissue factor pathway

Extrinsic pathway

Where both pathways meet and ends in formation of fibrin clot

Common pathway

Factors associated w/ Intrinsic pathways

XII, Pre-, HMWK, XI, IX, VIII 8, 9, 11, 12, Pre-, and HMWK

Factors associated w/ Extrinsic pathway

VII (involved in close circulation)

Factors associated w/ Common pathway

X, V, Prothrombin, Fibrinogen, XIII 1, 2, 5, 10,13

Factor that hides in the tissues and will only go out if it is activated

III / Tissue factor

Thrombin sensitive group

Fibrinogen

Calcium dependent, Vit. K independent 1, 5, 8, 13 Consumed during coagulation Present in plasma, absent in serum Increased: pregnancy, inflammatory response, & in women on oral contraceptives, stress Factors 5 & 8 = decreased in-vitro storage

Fibrinogen group

Plasma proteins?

Active phase reactants; inflammatory markers

Calcium and Vit. K dependent 2, 7, 9, 10 and Proteins C & S Stable & well-preserved in stored plasma Adsorbable factors Present in both serum (except factor 2) and plasma Coumarin drugs - competes w/ Vit. K Requires Ca or a cofactor to bind with phospholipid surfaces

Prothrombin group

Vit. K sources

Leafy vegetables, Bacteroides fragilis, and E. Coli

Adsorbable factors are treated w/

Aluminum hydroxide and Barium sulfate - detects the presence of prothrombin group - if plasma are treated with these, prothrombin group is loss

Ca and Vit. K independent 11, 12, Pre-, and HMWK Involved in contact phase Not adsorbed, not consumed during coagulation Relatively stable Requires contact of negative-charged surface for activation

Contact group

Prekallikrein & HMWK function in the activation of

Plasminogen in the fibrinolytic system

Included in the a-granules and promotes growth in injured tissue sites

Platelet-derived growth factor

Removes the clot by destroying it via fibrinolysis

Plasminogen

After the fibrin clit has been stabilized by Factor XIIIa, the platelets inside the clot releases strands that would pull the clot inward making the whole clot denser and releasing excess serum

Clot retraction

Activator on intrinsic and extrinsic pathway

Injury

Calcium dependent, Vit. K independent

Fibrinogen group

What group belongs to I, V, I, XIII

Fibrinogen group

Present in plasma, absent in serum

Fibrinogen group

Consumed during coagulation

Fibrinogen group

pregnancy, inflammatory reaction, oral contraceptive, stress

Increased Fibrinogen group

Factors that are Decreased in in vitro storage

V & VIII Fibrinogen group

Calcium and Vit. K dependent

Prothrombin group

What group belongs to II, VII, IX, X, and Proteins C & S

Prothrombin group

Stable and well preserved in stored plasma

Prothrombin group

Adsorbable factors

Prothrombin group

Vit. K is necessary for their synthesis in the liver

Prothrombin group

Present in both serum (except Factor II) and plasma

Prothrombin group

Competes with Vit. K

Coumarine drugs Prothrombin group

Requires calcium or a cofactor to bind with phospholipid surface

Prothrombin group

Calcium and Vit. K independent

Contact group

What group belongs to XI, XII, Prekallikrein, amd HMWK

Contact group

Involved in contact phase

Contact group

Not adsorbed nor consumed during coagulation

Contact group

Relatively stable

Contact group

Requires contact of gram-negative charged surface for activation

Contact group

Factors that have serine protease as an active form

II, V, VII, IX, X, XI, XII, Prekallikrein 2, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11, 12

Factors that have cofactor as their active form

VIII and HMWK 8

Factor that have transglutaminase as its active form

XIII 13