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NAPLEX 2021 > Lab Values & Monitoring > Flashcards

Lab Values & Monitoring Flashcards

1
Q

Calcium normal range (total)

A

8.5-10.5 mg/dL

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2
Q

Calcium normal range (ionized)

A

4.5-5.1 mg/dL

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3
Q

When to calculate corrected calcium?

A

When albumin is low (<3.5 g/dL)

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4
Q

Calculate corrected calcium with ionized Ca?

A

No

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5
Q

Ca correction equation

A

Ca (mg/dL) = calcium(reported) + [4.0 - albumin) * (0.8)]

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6
Q

Drugs that ↑ Ca?

A

calcium supplementation, vitamin D, thiazide diuretics

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7
Q

Drugs that ↓ Ca?

A

long-term heparin, loop diuretics, bisphosphonates, cinacalcet, [systemic steroids, calcitonin, foscarnet, topiramate]

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8
Q

Magnesium normal range

A

1.3-2.1 mEq/L

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9
Q

Reasons for ↓ Mag?

A

PPIs, diuretics, [amphoB, foscarnet, echinocandins, diarrhea, chronic alcohol use]

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10
Q

Phosphate normal range

A

2.3-4.7 mEq/dL

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11
Q

Reasons for ↓ PO4?

A

[phosphate binders, foscarnet, oral Ca intake]

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12
Q

Reasons for ↑ PO4?

A

renal failure

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13
Q

Potassium normal range

A

3.5-5 mEq/L

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14
Q

Reasons for ↑ K?

A

ACEis, ARBs, aldosterone receptor antagonists, aliskiren, canagliflozin, CYA, tacrolimus, MMF, K supplements, SMZ/TMP, drospirenone, chronic heparin use, NSAIDs, pentamidine

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15
Q

Reasons for ↓ K?

A

b-2 agonists, diuretics, insulin

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16
Q

Sodium normal range

A

135-145 mEq/L

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17
Q

Reasons for ↓ Na?

A

carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, SSRIs, diuretics

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18
Q

Bicarbonate normal range (venous/arterial)

A

venous: 24-30 mEq/L
arterial: 22-26 mEq/L

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19
Q

Reasons for ↓ Bicarb?

A

topiramate

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20
Q

Blood Urea Nitrogen normal range (BUN)

A

7-20 mg/dL

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21
Q

Serum creatinine normal range

A

0.6-1.3 mg/dL

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22
Q

Reasons for ↑ SCr?

A

aminoglycosides, amphoB, cisplatin, colistimethate, CYA, loop diuretics, polymixin, NSAIDs, radiocontrast dye, tacrolimus, vancomycin

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23
Q

Anion Gap normal range

A

5-12 mEq/L

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24
Q

Reasons for ↑ AG?

A

metabolic acidosis

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25
WBC normal range
4,000-11,000 cells/m^(3)
26
Neutrophils normal range
45-73%
27
Bands normal range
3-5%
28
What are bands?
immature neutrophils released to fight infections (left shift)
29
Eosinophils normal range
0-5%
30
Cause for high eosinophils?
parasitic infections
31
Basophils normal range
0-1%
32
Cause for high basophils?
hypersensitivity reactions
33
Lymphocyte normal range
20-40%
34
Causes for high lymphocytes?
viral infections, lymphoma
35
Causes for low lymphocytes?
bone marrow suppression, HIV due to systemic steroids
36
RBC normal range (males)
4.5-5.5 * 10^(6) cells/uL
37
RBC normal range (females)
4.1-4.9 *10^(6) cells/uL
38
Hgb normal range (males)
13.5-18 g/dL
39
Hgb normal range (females)
12-16 g/dL
40
MCV normal range
80-100 fL
41
Causes for high MCV?
B12 or folate deficiency
42
Causes for low MCV?
iron deficiency
43
Folic acid normal range
5-25 mcg/L
44
When are folic acid levels ordered?
To differentiate macrocytic anemia
45
Causes for low folic acid?
phenytoin/fosphenytoin, phenobarbital, primidone, methotrexate, SMX/TMP
46
B12 normal range
>200 pg/mL
47
Causes for low B12?
PPIs, metformin
48
reticulocyte count normal range
0.5-2.5%
49
Positive Coombs test?
drug-induced hemolysis caused by penicillins and cephalosporins, dapsone, isoniazid, levodopa/methyldopa, methylene blue, nitrofurantoin, etc
50
G6PD normal range
5-15 units/gram
51
Anti-Xa activity normal range
1-2 IU/mL
52
When to obtain peak anti-Xa?
4 hours after SC LMWH dose
53
PT normal range
10-13 seconds
54
INR normal range
<1.2
55
INR goal range for anticoagulated patients
2-3 (2.5-3.5 for mechanical heart valve)
56
Platelet normal range
150,000-450,000 mm^(3)
57
Albumin normal range
3.5-5 g/dL
58
AST/ALT normal range
10-40 units/L
59
T Bili normal range
0.1-1.2 mg/dL
60
Amylase normal range
60-180 units/L
61
Lipase normal range
5-160 units/L
62
CPK normal range (males)
55-170 IU/L
63
CPK normal range (females)
30-135 IU/L
64
Troponin I normal range
0-0.5 ng/mL
65
BNP normal range
<100 pg/mL
66
LDL normal range
<100 mg/dL
67
HDL normal range
≥ 60 mg/dL
68
Non-HDL calculation
TC-HDL
69
TG normal range
<150 mg/dL
70
CRP normal range
0-0.5 mg/dL
71
Fasting Plasma Glucose for diabetes
≥ 126 mg/dL
72
Fasting Plasma Glucose for prediabetes
100-125 mg/dL
73
A1c normal
<7% ADA
74
C-peptide (fasting) normal range
- Used to distinguish T1DM vs T2DM | - 0.78-1.89 ng/mL
75
Thyroid-stimulating hormone normal range
0.3-3 MlU/L
76
TSH level for HYPOthyroidism
increase
77
TSH level for HYPERhyroidism
decrease
78
Uric acid normal levels (males)
3.5-7.2 mg/dL
79
Uric acid normal levels (females)
2-6.4 mg/dL
80
CD4+ T lymphocyte count normal
800-1,000 cells/m^(3)
81
HIV RNA concentration (viral load) normal
undetectable
82
pH normal level
7.35-7.45
83
PSA normal level
< 4 ng/mL
84
lactic acid normal range
0.5-2.2 mEq/L

NAPLEX 2021 (1 decks)

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