LABORATORY ACTIVITY 10

Question 1

RBCs is 6-8 um normal diameter, so if we expose blood to water for example are drinking water, our RBCs can take up much water because it has enough surface for the fluid intake, but there are some abnormal RBCs that when we expose it to a very hypotonic solution, the fluid is diluting the cell which results in bursting and we call it [?].

Answer 1

Osmotic Fragile RBC

Question 2

● We are testing for the ability of the RBC to [?] which will not burst or lysed.

Answer 2

take up fluid

Question 3

● Demonstrates increased RBC fragility in blood specimens in which the RBCs have decreased surface area to volume ratios.

Answer 3

OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST

Question 4

● So if the RBCs are too small and exposed to [?] just like spherocytes, it will burst or lysed because it is abnormal and has a decreased surface area.

Answer 4

hypotonic solution

Question 5

PRINCIPLE:
● Blood is added to a series of tubes with increasing [?]. Water enters and leaves the RBCs in each tube until equilibrium is achieved.
● The [?] will follow where the [?] is.

Answer 5

hypotonic NaCl solution

water; salt

Question 6

● Ex: 0.85% NaCl (Neutral), the fluid within the rbc is also 0.85% NACL.

Question 7

Imagine if 0.42% NaCl, means it has a low salt content, the fluid within rbc is 0.85%, kapag mas [?] ang surrounding papasok sya sa cell kasi mas maraming salt si cell, and the cell will swell until it lyse, but the normal rbc won`t lyse immediately, but for anything that has decreased surface area it will lysed immediately pagpasok pa lang ng tubig

Answer 7

hypotonic

Question 8

Testing the fragility of the rbc during hypotonic solutions, if you have hypotonic solution it will go [?] the cells to balance the salt.

Answer 8

inside

Question 9

INCREASED OF:

Answer 9

LESS RESISTANT

Question 10

DECREASED OF:

Answer 10

MORE RESISTANT

Question 11

More Fragile, less resistant to [?] and will burst immediately

Answer 11

hypotonic solutions

Question 12

Diseases in increased OF:

Answer 12

hemolytic anemia or spherocytes (small rbc`s and very fragile)

Question 13

[?], Increased OF, less resistant to fluid, easy to hemolyzed

Answer 13

Mature RBC

Question 14

Less fragile, more resistant to [?]

Answer 14

fluid intake

Question 15

Diseases in decreased OF:

Answer 15

target cell, thalassemia, liver disease, iron deficiency anemia, sickle cell diease ( bigger surface)

Question 16

[?], small but decreased OF because they are younger and can tolerate more the fluid

Answer 16

Reticulocyte

Question 17

PRIMARY FACTOR THAT AFFECT THE OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST:

Answer 17

Volume
Surface Area
Shape
Function

Question 18

PROCEDURE:

Answer 18

Sanford Method

Question 19

PROCEDURE:
Prepare different concentrations of hypotonic saline using the following procedure:
1. Set up [?] test tubes and label no.[?].
2. Place in each tube [?] (The number of the tube corresponds to the drops of 0.5% NaCI,
3. Using the same dropper, add [?] into each tube until a total of [?] (NaCI & water) are in each tube.
4. Dispense to each tube [?] of [?].
Note: Deliver at the same angle directly to saline solution.
5. Mix tubes and allow to stand at room temperature or centrifuge for [?’].
6. Examine each tube for initial and complete hemolysis.

Answer 19

12; 14 - 25

0.5% NaCI solution

distilled water ; 25 drops

one drop; heparinized or defibrinated blood

1 minute at 2,500 pm

Question 20

faint pink tinge supernatant with button of intact red cells.

Answer 20

Initial Hemolysis

Question 21

Usually happens at tube 22

Answer 21

Initial Hemolysis

Question 22

homogenous red mixture without sediment.

Answer 22

Complete Hemolysis

Question 23

Usually happens at tube 17

Answer 23

Complete Hemolysis

Question 24

To determine the % concentration of NaCl solution where initial and complete hemolysis occurred

Question 25

For example: Since complete hemolysis happened in tube 17. To know the % concentration of NaCl in tube 17, the tube number which is 17 is multiplied by 0.02. That is

Answer 25

0.34%.

Question 26

This test measures the ability of the RBCs to take in fluid without lysing.

Answer 26

OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST (OFT)

Question 27

It reflects the shape and size of
erythrocytes (?).

Answer 27

specifically the surface area-to-volume ratio

Question 28

Cells with (?) have a limited capacity to expand in hypotonic solutions and therefore lyse even at a less hypotonic
concentration of saline than the normal biconcave cells.

Answer 28

decreased surface area-to-volume ratio

Question 29

OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST (OFT) Specimen Required:

Answer 29

Heparinized or defibrinated blood

Question 30

OSMOTIC FRAGILITY TEST (OFT)
PROCEDURE:

Answer 30

Sanford Method