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PMLS Midterms > Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity > Flashcards

Laboratory Biosafety and Biosecurity Flashcards

(72 cards)

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1
Q

Pathogenic organisms are possible sources of what?

A

Laboratory Acquired Infections (LAI)

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2
Q

Historical origin country of laboratory biosafety and biosecurity

A

North America and Western Europe

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3
Q

Program where the biosafety concept originated from

A

US Biological Weapons Program

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4
Q

Year that the biosafety concept originated from the US Biological Weapons Program

A

1943

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5
Q

US President who controls the US Biological Weapons Program

A

Franklin Roosevelt

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6
Q

The US Biological Weapons Program was active during what historical event?

A

Cold War

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7
Q

US President who terminated the US Biological Weapons Program

A

Richard Nixon

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8
Q

Year that Richard Nixon terminated the US Biological Weapons Program

A

1969

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9
Q

First scientific director of Camp Detrick

A

Ira L. Baldwin

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10
Q

New name of Camp Detrick

A

Fort Detrick

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11
Q

Reason for establishing the US Biological Weapons Program

A

For defensive purposes

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12
Q

Historical event that followed the permanent installation of Camp Detrick

A

World War 2

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13
Q

Person who designed modifications for biosafety at Camp Detrick

A

Newell A. Johnson

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14
Q

ABSA stands for?

A

American Biological Safety Association

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15
Q

When was the American Biological Safety Association (ABSA) formed?

A

1984

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16
Q

This became the large-scale annual meeting event of ABSA

A

ABSA annual conferences

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17
Q

Described the use of mechanical pipettors to prevent LAIs

A

Arnold Wedum

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18
Q

Year when Arnold Wedum introduced the concept of mechanical pipettors

A

1907 and 1908

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19
Q

Location of the pharmaceutical company that developed ventilated cabinets

A

Pennsylvania

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20
Q

Year that the Pennsylvania pharmaceutical company developed ventilated cabinets

A

1990

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21
Q

The ventilated cabinet was created for the prevention of the spread of what pathogen?

A

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

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22
Q

The year smallpox increased the death rate of infected people

A

1967

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23
Q

2 of the containment areas of the smallpox disease

A
  1. US - Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
  2. Russia - State Research Center of Biology and Biotechnology (VECTOR)
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24
Q

Book published by the CDC that introduces the concepts of establishing levels of management associated with risks

A

Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazards

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25
The year when the Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazards was published
1974
26
Book published by the National Institute of Health (NIH) of the US that described the needed elements for the 4 levels of physical containment
NIH Guide Lines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules
27
Book of the WHO that described the concepts of laboratory biosafety published in 1983
Laboratory Biosafety Manual (1st Edition)
28
Joint publication of the CDC and NIH in 1984
Biosafety and Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories
29
Technical means of mitigating the risk of accidental infection from the exposure or accidental release of agents
Biosafety levels
30
These are the highlighted elements in Biosafety
Equipment and Facility Controls
31
People who adapted the administrative role of overseeing the equipment and facility controls for each biosafety level
Biosafety officers
32
Director of the Industrial Health and Safety at the US Army Biological Research Laboratories
Arnold Wedum
33
Considered as a pioneer in the concept of Biosafety
Arnold Wedum
34
Arnold Wedum's colleague at Fort Detrick who was a microbiologist conducting multiple epidemiological studies of laboratory-based outbreaks
Morton Reitmann
35
Program enacted by the US Government to monitor the transfer of biological agents from one institution to another
Select Agent Regulations
36
Anthrax outbreak of 2001 in the US
"Amerithrax"
37
Refers to materials that pose the greatest risk of deliberate misuse
Tier 1 Materials
38
Singapore's biosecurity act
Biological Agents and Toxins Act
39
South Korea's biosecurity act
2005 Act on Prevention of Infectious Diseases
40
Japan's biosecurity law amended under their Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare
Infectious Disease Control Law
41
This law from the Danish Government allowed who to regulate the handling of biological agents
Danish Ministry of Health and Prevention
42
European Committee for Standardization
Comite Europeen de Normalisation (CEN)
43
The publication of CEN on February 2008
CEN Workshop Agreement 15793 (CWA 15793)
44
The offered mechanism of the CEN Workshop Agreement 15793
Stakeholders can develop consensus standards and requirements
45
The number of countries that sent their experts for the formation of the CEN Workshop Agreement 15793
24 (Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, China, Denmark, Germany, Ghana, UK, US, etc.)
46
Year of expiration of the CEN Worksop Agreement 15793
2014
47
Publication of WHO that contained the different levels of containment laboratories (BSLs 1-4)
Laboratory Biosafety Manual (3rd Edition)
48
The protocol that provided an international regulatory framework for the 168 member countries on biosafety and biosecurity
The 2003 Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (CPB)
49
LMOs stand for?
Living modified organism
50
Committee in the Philippines that was established under E.O 430, s. 1990
National Committee on Biosafety of the Philippines (NCBP)
51
The framework established under E.O 514
National Biosafety Framework (NBF)
52
Date of promulgation of the National Biosafety Framework (NBF)
March 17, 2006
53
The date the Philippines signed the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
May 24, 2000
54
The department that set policies for the importation and release of plant and plant products derived from biotechnology
Department of Agriculture
55
The department that set guidelines for assessing the impacts on health of modern biotechnology and its applications
Department of Health
56
Professional society for biosafety professionals whose member countries include: Singapore, Brunei, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, and Myanmar
Asia-Pacific Biosafety Association (A-PBA)
57
Association that aims to provide a forum for discussions and debates regarding biosafety
European Biological Safety Association (EBSA)
57
Association that aims to provide a forum for discussions and debates regarding biosafety
European Biological Safety Association (EBSA)
58
Association that aims to assist the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Health to create a national policy alongside the health, educational, judicial, executive, and legislative sectors
Philippine Biosafety and Biosecurity Association (PhBBA)
59
A non-government and non-profit association of the country whose tagline is "assess, mitigate, monitor"
Biological Risk Association Philippines (BRAP)
60
Containment practices meant to prevent unintentional exposure to biological agents; "protection of man against the agents"
Biosafety
61
Refers to the protection and control of biological agents from the mishandling, theft, or maleficent use of man: "protecting the agents from man"
Biosecurity
62
Creator of the biohazard symbol in 1966
Charles Baldwin
63
Charles Baldwin's nature and place of work
Environmental health engineer for the Dow Chemical Company
64
Microorganisms that are unlikely to cause human or animal disease; low individual and community risk
Risk Group 1
65
Microorganisms are unlikely to cause significant risk; infections are still possible but effective treatments are available; moderate individual risk and limited community risk
Risk Group 2
66
Microorganisms are known to cause serious diseases to humans and animals; high individual risk and moderate community risk
Risk Group 3
67
Microorganisms are known to cause transmissible life-threatening diseases as treatments are not usually available; high individual and community risk
Risk Group 4
68
Laboratory level suited for examining viable microorganisms that are not known to cause diseases (Bacillus subtilis, Naegleria gruberi, canine hepatits virus, etc.); best used for undergraduate and secondary educational training
Biosafety Level 1
69
Laboratory level suited for examining indigenous moderate risk agents that have uncertainties to the presence of infectious pathogens (Hepatitis B, HIV, salmonellae, Toxoplasma species, etc); best used for clinical and diagnostic laboratories examining human samples
Biosafety Level 2
70
Laboratory level suited for examining indigenous or exotic agents with a potential for respiratory transmission due to the presence of pathogenic aerosols (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Coxiella, etc.); operations must be headed and supervised by scientists competent in handling infectious agents
Biosafety Level 3
71
Laboratory level suited for examining dangerous and exotic agents that can be transmitted through the aerosol route to which they have no available vaccines present (Marburg or Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever); usually a separated or isolated laboratory with proper ventilation and waste management systems
Biosafety Level 4

PMLS Midterms (2 decks)

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