LABORATORY BIOSAFETY AND BIOSECURITY

Question 1

-Contain Principles, Technologies and practices
implemented to prevent unintentional exposure to
patogens and toxins, or their unintentional release

Answer 1

LABORATORY BIOSAFETY

Question 2

“PROTECT THE WORKER FROM THE BAD BUGS.”

Answer 2

LABORATORY BIOSAFETY

Question 3

-PROTECTION, CONTROL AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR
VALUABLE BIOLOGICAL MATERIALS WITHIN
LABORATORIES IN ORDER TO PREVENT
UNAUTHORIZED ACCESS, LOSS, THEFT, MISUSE,
DIVERSION O INTENTIONAL RELEASE

Answer 3

LABORATORY BIOSECURITY

Question 4

“PROTECT THE BUGS FROM BAD WORKERS”.

Answer 4

LABORATORY BIOSECURITY

Question 5

INFECTIONS (SYMPTOMATIC /
ASYMPTOMATIC)

Answer 5

LABORATORY ACQUIRED INFECTIONS (LAI)

Question 6

▪ ACQUIRED THROUGH LABORATORY RELATED ACTIVITIES AS A RESULT OF WORKING WITH
INFECTIOUS AGENTS

Answer 6

LABORATORY ACQUIRED INFECTIONS (LAI)▪

Question 7

Cause of laboratory exposure

Answer 7

20% → EQUIPMENT FAILURE
80% → HUMAN FACTORS

Question 8

TOP ACCIDENTS RESULTING IN INFECTION

Answer 8

Needle stick injury
- Biohazard spillage

Question 9

CONSUMPTION OF A SUBSTANCE BY AN ORGANISM

Answer 9

INGESTION

Question 10

ACT OF INTRODUCTION OF A SUBSTANCE INTO THE BODY

Answer 10

INOCULATION

Question 11

PRESENCE OF A MINOR AND UNWANTED
SUBSTANCE OR IMPURITY IN THE SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANE

Answer 11

CONTAMINATION

Question 12

ACT OF DRAWING AIR OR OTHER SUBSTANCES INTO THE LUNGS

Answer 12

inhalation

Question 13

where laboratory biosafety and biosecurity traces its history

Answer 13

in North America and Western Europe.

Question 14

when origins of biosafety is rooted in the US
biological weapons program

Answer 14

1943

Question 15

who origins of biosafety is rooted in the US
biological weapons program

Answer 15

then US President Franklin Roosevelt
and was active during the Cold Baldwin

Question 16

who terminated the US
biological weapons program

Answer 16

US President Richard Nixon

Question 17

when is the US
biological weapons program terminated

Answer 17

1969

Question 18

the first scientific
director of Camp Detrick (which eventually became
Fort Detrick)

Answer 18

Ira L. Baldwin

Question 19

when did ira baldwin become the first scientific
director of Camp Detrick (which eventually became
Fort Detrick)

Answer 19

1943

Question 20

ira baldwin task

Answer 20

establish biological weapons
program for defensive purposes to enable

Question 21

Camp Detrick was
designated a permanent installation for biological
research and development.

Answer 21

After the Second World War,

Question 22

inherent component of biological
weapons development

Answer 22

Biosafety -

Question 23

• designed modifications for
  biosafety at Camp Derrick.

Answer 23

Newell A. Johnson

Question 24

developed Class III safety cabinets and
laminar flow hoods

Answer 24

Newell A. Johnson

Question 25

* U.S. Biological Research Laboratories at Fort Detrick (1944)

Answer 25

A.G. Wedum, MD (Arnold)

Question 26

one of the pioneers in developing biosafety measures after the Second World War

Answer 26

A.G. Wedum, MD (Arnold)

Question 27

evaluated the risks of handling hazardous biological agents and developed practices, ventilated cabinets) equipment, and facility safeguards for their control

Answer 27

A.G. Wedum, MD (Arnold)

Question 28

Wedum and microbiologist Morton Reitman, colleagues at Fort Detrick, analyzed multiple epidemiological studies of laboratory-based outbreaks.

Answer 28

1966

Question 29

general principles for dealing with potential biohazards

Answer 29

Asilomar Conference in 1975

Question 30

was suggested that containment should be an essential consideration in the experimental design and that the effectiveness of the containment should match the estimated risk.

Answer 30

Asilomar Conference in 1975

Question 31

when is the use of mechanical pipettors to prevent laboratory-acquired infections

Answer 31

1907&1908

Question 32

when does the pharmaceutical company (Pennsylvania) developed a ventilated cabinet to prevent infection from mycobacterium tuberculosis

Answer 32

1909

Question 33

WHO eradicate smallpox (College of Physicians of Philadelphia 2014).

Answer 33

1967

Question 34

designation of 4 levels of biosafety

Answer 34

mid-1970s-

Question 35

CDC published the Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazard

Answer 35

1976-

Question 36

(introduced the concept of establishing ascending levels of containment associated with risks in handling groups of infectious microorganisms that present similar characteristics)

Answer 36

the Classification of Etiological Agents on the Basis of Hazard

Question 37

(explained in detail the microbiological practices, equipment, and facility necessarily corresponding to four ascending levels of physical containment)

Answer 37

First edition of NIH Guidelines for Research Involving Recombinant DNA Molecules.

Question 38

Foundation for the introduction of a code for biosafety practice

Answer 38

WHO’S laboratory safety manual (1983) * NIH’s Biosafety in Microbiological and Biomedical Laboratories (1984)

Question 39

American Biological Safety Association (ABSA)

Answer 39

1984-

Question 40

Directive on the protection of workers from risks related to exposure to biological agents at work (European Commission)

Answer 40

1990-

Question 41

CDC

Answer 41

( Center for disease control and prevention)

Question 42

-provides oversight of public health and safety, including the laboratory

Answer 42

CDC ( Center for disease control and prevention)

Question 43

-Develops and enforces workplace standards to protect employees’ safety and health. Recommendations include guidelines addressing blood-borne pathogens, chemical safety, phlebotomies, latex gloves, ergonomics, and any

Answer 43

OSHA (occupation safety and health administration)

Question 44

OSHA

Answer 44

(occupation safety and health administration)

Question 45

THE PRINCIPLE OF HOLDING OR BE CAPABLE OF HOLDING OR INCLUDING WITHIN A FIXED LIMIT OR AREA

Answer 45

CONTAINMENT

Question 46

PREVENTING THE RELEASE OF BIOLOGICAL AGENTS

Answer 46

▪ BIOCONTAINMENT:

Question 47

(control hazard at source)

Answer 47

PRIMARY BARRIERS

Question 48

PRIMARY CONTAINMENT EQUIPMENT

Answer 48

□ BSC □ ANIMAL ENCLOSURES □ SEALED CENTRIFUGE ROTORS

Question 49

(structure surrounding primary barrier)

Answer 49

SECONDARY BARRIERS

Question 50

SECODARY CONTAINMENT EQUIPMENT

Answer 50

HEPA FILTERS ▪ LIQUID EFFLUENT TREATMENT ▪ SEALED LABORATORY WALLS AND floor laminar flow wood

Question 51

PRINCIPLES OF BIOSAFETY

Answer 51

▪ PRACTICE AND PROCEDURES CONSIDERATIONS ▪ SAFETY EQUIPMENT ▪ FACILITY DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION ▪ INCREASING LEVELS OF PROTECTION

Question 52

STANDARD MICROBIOLOGICAL PRACTICES

Answer 52

▪ MOST IMPORTANT CONCEPT / STRICT ADHERENCE ▪ AWARE OF POTENTIAL HAZARD ▪ TRAINED AND PROFICIENT IN TECHNIQUES

Question 53

USED TO PROTECT FROM INFECTIOUS FLUIDS □ DON’T WEAR LAB COATS OUTSIDE OF THE LAB OR TAKE THEM HOME □ CUFFED SLEEVES CAN PROTECT THE WRISTS AND LOWER ARMS

Answer 53

▪ LAB COATS AND GOWNS

Question 54

□ WEAR DISPOSABLE VINYL, SYNTHETIC OR N-DEX NITRILE GLOVES WHEN WORKING WITH BIOHAZARDOUS MATERIALS □ AVOID LATEX GLOVES (MAY CAUSE ALLERGIES) □ DO NOT REUSE GLOVES □ DO NOT WEAR GLOVES OUTSIDE OF THE LABORATORY □ WASH HANDS AFTER REMOVING GLOVES

Answer 54

gloves

Question 55

□ PROTECT MUCOUS MEMBRANES AND PREVENT INGESTION WHENEVER THERE IS POTENTIAL FOR SPLASH TO EYES/FACE

Answer 55

▪ EYE AND FACE PROTECTION

Question 56

OPEN TOED SHOES, SANDALS AND OTHER OPEN FOOTWEAR SHOULD BE PROHIBITED □ SHORTS AND OTHER GARMENTS THAT LEAVE SKIN UNPROTECTED ARE NOT APPROPRIATE

Answer 56

▪ FOOT/SKIN PROTECTION

Question 57

□ TWO TYPES: AIR SUPPLYING AND AIR PURIFYING □ FULL FACE, HALF FACE, PAPR (POWERED AIR PURIFYING RESPIRATOR) RESPIRATORY PROTECTION □ N95 RESPIRATORS □ N100 RESPIRATORS

Answer 57

RESPIRATORY PROTECTION

Question 58

BIOSAFETY CABINETS (BSC)

Answer 58

PROVIDE EFFECTIVE PRIMARY CONTAINMENT FOR WORK WITH INFECTIOUS MATERIAL OR TOXINS WHEN THEY ARE PROPERLY MAINTAINED AND USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH GOOD LABORATORY TECHNIQUES

Question 59

Remove toxic chemicals (ducting/ductless) - NO HEPA filter = not for biohazard agents

Answer 59

FUME HOODS

Question 60

Product protection (no personnel protection) - Not for biohazard agents or chemical fumes

Answer 60

LAMINAR FLOW CABINETS

Question 61

CLASS I BSC: personnel and environment protection - CLASS II & III BSC: personnel, product and environment protection - HEPA filters (not for chemical vapors)

Answer 61

BIOSAFETY CABINETS

Question 62

personnel and environment protection

Answer 62

CLASS I BSC:

Question 63

personnel, product and environment protection

Answer 63

CLASS II & III BSC:

Question 64

HEPA

Answer 64

High Efficiency Particulate Air

Question 65

ULPA :

Answer 65

: Ultra Low Penetration Air

Question 66

99.99% AT 0.3 MICRONS

Answer 66

HEPA:

Question 66

99.999% AT 0.12 MICRONS

Answer 66

ULPA:

Question 67

HEPA & ULPA FILTER CAPABILITIES

Answer 67

Removes a broad range of airborne contaminants: - Fine dust - Smoke - Bacteria (500-0.3mm) - Soot Pollen - Radioactive particles - Impurity ion= can affect integrated circuit speed