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Laboratory Test For Primary Hemostasis Flashcards

(44 cards)

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1
Q

Laboratory test for primary hemostasis

A
  1. Quantitative platelet evaluation
  2. Platelet aggregation test
  3. Platelet retention test
  4. Clot retraction time
  5. Capillary fragility test
  6. Bleeding time

(QARCCB)

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2
Q

Specimen for laboratory test for primary hemostasis

A

Edta anticoagulated whole blood

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3
Q

A form of pseudos-thombocytopenia where antibodies directed against GP2B/3A react with the leukocyte fc gamma receptor 3 and attach the plated to neutrophils are the most frequently involved; occasionally monocytes

A

Platelet satellitosis

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4
Q

According to the studies done in recent years, 32 to 75% of testing errors occurs during the ___ phase

A

Pre-analytic

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5
Q

Pseudo-thrombocytopenias

A
  1. Platelet Clumping
  2. Platelet Satellitism
  3. Improper Blood Collection
  4. Giant Platelets
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6
Q

Platelet satellitosis may be corrected by

A

Using sodium citrate as an anticoagulant because of the delusion in the citrate tubes it is necessary to multiply the obtain plated count by 1.1

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7
Q

What triggers the platelet satellitosis

A

Naturally occurring exposure of antigen on EDTA treated platelets and leukocytes may trigger the phenomenon

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8
Q

Platelet Clumping may be

A
  1. EDTA-Dependent Platelet Clumping
  2. Cold Agglutinin/Cryoglobulin Interference
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9
Q

occurs when EDTA anticoagulant
induces autoantibody mediated platelet

A

EDTA-Dependent Platelet Clumping

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10
Q

Presence of cold reacting antibodies that causes platelet clumping at low temp

A

Cold Agglutinin/Cryoglobulin Interference

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11
Q

How to correct EDTA-Dependent Platelet Clumping

A

Solution: Repeat testing using citrate or heparin

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12
Q

How to correct cold agglutinin or cryoglobulin interference

A

Solution: incubate blood sample before testing (37°c).

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13
Q

• Rare phenomenon that occurs when IgG Ab forms in the presence of EDTA.
• Platelets form a “ring” or “rosette” around segmented neutrophils, bands and sometimes monocytes.
• In vitro artifact, not associated with a clinical disorder.

A

Platelet Satellitism

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14
Q

• Insufficient mixing of blood sample with anticoagulant can lead to clotting and falsely
low platelet count.
• Traumatic venipuncture can activate platelets and cause clumping.

A

Improper blood collection

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15
Q

How to correct improper blood collection

A

Solution: Ensure proper specimen collection and mixing.

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16
Q

Seen in conditions like Bernard-Soulier syndrome, but also occurs in healthy individuals.
.

A

Large platelets or Giant platelets

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17
Q

How to correct giant platelets?

A

Solution: Perform manual
platelet count via peripheral smear

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18
Q

Platelets are counted in a hemocytometer as in RBC and WBC

Study These Flashcards
A

Direct Platelet Count

19
Q

Quantitative platelet evaluation

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A
  1. Direct platelet count
  2. Indirect platelet count
20
Q

List of direct platelet count methods

Study These Flashcards
A
  1. Reese-ecker method
  2. Brecker-Cronkite method
  3. Guy and Leake
  4. Unopette
  5. Nygard
21
Q

Direct platelet count method with isotonic diluent

Study These Flashcards
A

Reese ecker,
Guy and Leake

22
Q

Direct count method with hypotonic diluent

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A

Brecker-Cronkite

23
Q

Direct platelet count method with 1% ammonium oxalate diluent

24
Q

Appearance of platelets in reese-ecker method

25
Appearance of platelets in Guy and Leake's method
Lilac refractile object
26
Anticoagulant used in reese-ecker method
Sodium citrate
27
Anticoagulant used in Guy and Leake's method
Sodium oxalate or sodium citrate
28
• Diluent: Isotonic • Sodium Citrate: prevent platelet aggregation • Formaldehyde: Preservative • BCB: Stain/dye • Microscopy: Light Microscopy • Appearance of platelets: BLUISH
Reese-ecker method
29
Reference method for direct platelet count
Brecker-Cronkite
30
o Diluent: Hypotonic= 1% ammonium oxalate o Microscopy: Phase-Contrast Microscopy (best microscope for platelet morph evaluation)
Brecker-Cronkite
31
o Diluent: Isotonic o Sodium oxalate/citrate: prevent platelet aggregation o Formaldehyde: preservative o CV: stain/dye o Microscopy: Light Microscopy o Appearance of platelets: LILAC refractile object
Guy and Leake
32
o Diluent: 1% ammonium oxalate o Dilution: 1:100
Unopette
33
Platelets are counted in their relationship to red cells on a fixed-stained smear. This method is not reliable because the results depend upon the distribution of platelets and on the red cell count.
Indirect platelet count
34
o 14% MgSo4 + 1 drop of blood + Giemsa/Wright stain o Dilution: 1:3
Fonio's
35
o 14% MgSo4 + 1 drop of blood + Giemsa/Wright stain o Dilution: 1:5 bleeding
Olef's
36
o Reese-Ecker + 1 drop of blood + counterstain with Wright stain o Dilution: 1:5
Dameshek
37
Red cells must first be removed from whole blood, either by sedimentation or by controlled centrifugation. • Principle: o Voltage pulse counting o Electro-optical counting
Automated platelet count
38
Determine the platelet level: Aplastic anemia, acute leukemia, DIC, TTP, ITP, Chemotherapy induced thrombocytopenia, Severe sepsis/septic shock
Marked decrease
39
Determine the platelet level: Chronic ITP, Liver disease, HIT, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Infectious mononucleosis, SLE
Moderate decrease
40
Determine the platelet level: Early stages of ITP, Chronic liver disease, Viral infections (dengue, HIV, Hepa C), Vit. B12/Folate deficiency, Drug-induced thrombocytopenia
Slight decrease
41
Determine the platelet level: Recovery phase from thrombocytopenia, Early stages of bone marrow suppression
Normal
42
Determine the platelet level: RA, IDA, Post-surgical procedure, Infections
Slight increase
43
ET, CML, PCV
Moderate increase
44
Severe ET, Primary Myelofibrosis
Marked increase

HEMA 2 LAB (2 decks)

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