Labs

Question 1

What is included in a CBC?

Answer 1

WBC, Hgb, Hct, MCH, MCHC, MCV, RDW, RBC, Plt

Question 2

What is included in a CBC with Diff?

Answer 2

WBC, Hgb, Hct, MCV, MCH, MCHC, RDW, RBC, Plt, percentage and absolute diff counts WBCs

Question 3

What is included in a BMP?

Answer 3

glucose, BUN, creatinine, BUN:creatinine ratio, potassium, sodium, chloride, CO2, eGFR

Question 4

What is included in a CMP?

Answer 4

glucose, BUN, creatinine, potassium, sodium, chloride, eGFR, CO2, BUN:creatinine ratio, A:G ration, albumin, alkaline phosphatase, AST, ALT, bili, Ca, globulin, protein

Question 5

What is a BUN used to assess?

Answer 5

determining volume status

Question 6

When does BUN increase?

Answer 6

pre-renal azotemia, renal azotemia, post-renal azotemia

Question 7

When does BUN decrease?

Answer 7

urea synthesis (severe liver disease) and dilutional states (SIADH)

Question 8

What does Cr measure?

Answer 8

product of muscle metabolism

Question 9

What does K measure?

Answer 9

acid-base disorders (DKA, sepsis, crush injury, etc.)

Question 10

What is a Ca measure useful for?

Answer 10

cardiac dysrhythmia

Question 11

What is a Mg measure useful for?

Answer 11

cardiac dysrhythmias, neuromuscular irritability, patients taking electrolyte-altering medications

Question 12

What is a PO4 measure useful for?

Answer 12

renal insufficiency, massive cell death

Question 13

What is a BNP useful for?

Answer 13

distinguish primary pulmonary causes of dyspnea from cardiac issues

Question 14

What is a d-dimer test used for?

Answer 14

rule-out DVT or PE, breakdown of fibrin clot

Question 15

What does a UA include?

Answer 15

glucose, ketones, specific gravity, protein, myoglobin, RBCs, WBCs, casts

Question 16

Common drugs included in urine tox screen?

Answer 16

amphetamines, cocaine, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, opiates, marijuana, PCP

Question 17

What is tested in a fetal occult blood test?

Answer 17

heme, globin for GI bleed

Question 18

Chest x-ray views

Answer 18

PA or AP, lateral, portable

Question 19

Upper extremity x-ray views

Answer 19

AP, lateral, oblique

Question 20

Lower extremity x-ray views

Answer 20

AP, lateral, oblique

Question 21

Abdominal x-ray views

Answer 21

supine, upright, decubitus, AAS

Question 22

Pelvic x-ray views

Answer 22

AP, lateral, frog leg

Question 23

Skull/facial bones x-ray views

Answer 23

Frontal, lateral, upright water’s, nasal views

Question 24

C-spine x-ray views

Answer 24

AP, lateral, oblique, flexion/extension, open-mouth

Question 25

Thoracic spine x-ray views

Answer 25

AP, lateral, oblique

Question 26

Lumbar spine x-ray views

Answer 26

AP, lateral, oblique

Question 27

Sacral x-ray views

Answer 27

AP pelvis views, CT ideal

Question 28

Common plain film mis-diagnoses

Answer 28

normal anatomy, pattern recognition failure, associated pathology, suboptimal positioning and number of projections

Question 29

How does a CT work?

Answer 29

passing thin x-ray beam through body in axial plane

Question 30

Advantages of MRI

Answer 30

greater differentiation of soft-tissue structures, acquired in any plane, can get vascular study without IV contrast

Question 31

Disadvantages of MRI

Answer 31

longer time of acquisition, motion artifact is very sensitive

Question 32

Advantages of U/S

Answer 32

no ionizing radiation or biological injury, can be acquired in any plane, less expensive, performed at bedside

Question 33

Disadvantages of U/S

Answer 33

less sharp and clear images, takes more time than CT, quality is highly variable

Question 34

Imaging recommended for pregnant woman?

Answer 34

MRI with oral or iodinated contrast