Labs/Findings Flashcards
(117 cards)
1
Q
high AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
A
Dating error, anencephaly, spina bifida (open neural tube defects)
2
Q
anticentromere abs
A
Scleroderma (CREST)
3
Q
anti-desmoglein/desmosome abs
A
Pemphigus vulgaris
4
Q
Anti-glomerular basement memb
A
Goodpasture
5
Q
Antihistone
A
Drug-induced SLE (hydralazine, isoniazid, phenytoin, procainamide)
6
Q
anti-IgG
A
Rheumatoid arthritis
7
Q
antimitochondrial
A
primary biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal hypertension)
8
Q
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic abs
A
Microscopic polyangiitis and eosinophilic granulomatosis (Churg-Strauss); primary sclerosing cholangitis; granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegeners)
9
Q
Antinuclear abs: anti-Smith and anti-dsDNA
A
SLE
10
Q
Antiplatelet
A
ITP
11
Q
Anti-topoisomerase
A
Diffuse systemic scleroderma
12
Q
Anti-transglutaminase/gliadin/endomysial
A
Celiac
13
Q
Apple core lesion on barium enema x-ray
A
Colorectal cancer (left-sided)
14
Q
Atypical lymphocytes
A
EBV
15
Q
Azurophilic peroxidase granular inclusions in granulocytes and myeloblasts
A
Auer rods (AML esp APL)
16
Q
Bacitracin response
A
Sensitive: S pyogenes
Resistant: S agalactiae
17
Q
Bamboo spine on X-ray
A
Ankylosing spondylitis
18
Q
Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs
A
Howell-Jolly bodies (from splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)
19
Q
Basophilic stippling of RBCs
A
Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
20
Q
Bloody or yellow tap on lumbar puncture
A
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
21
Q
Boot-shaped heart on X-ray
A
Tetrology of Fallot
22
Q
Branching gram + rods with sulfur granules
A
Actinomyces
23
Q
Bronchogenic apical lung tumor on imaging
A
Pancoast tumor (can compress cervical sympathetic chain and cause Horners)
24
Q
Brown tumor of bone
A
Hyperparathyroidism or osteitis fibrosa cystica (deposited hemosiderin from hemorrhage)
25
Cardiomegaly with apical atrophy
Chagas disease (trypanosoma cruzi)
26
Cellular crescents in Bowman capsule
RPGN Major causes: Goodpasture, pauci-immune (ANCA) vasculitidies
Minor: Lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy, PSGN
27
Chocolate cyst of ovary
Endometriosis
28
Circular group of dark tumor cells around pale neurofibrils
Homer-Wright rosettes (medullobastoma, neuroblastoma)
29
Colonies of mucoid Pseudomonas in lungs
Cystic fibrosis
30
Low AFP in amniotic fluid/maternal serum
Down syndrome and other chromosomal abnormalities
31
Degeneration of dorsal column
Tabes dorsalis (tert syphilis) and subacute combined degeneration
32
Delta wave on EKG, short PR interval, supraventric tachycardia
Wolff-Parkinson-White
33
Desquamated epithelium casts in sputum
Curschmann spirals from chronic bronchitis
34
Disarrayed granulosa cells around eosinophilic fluid
Call-Exner bodies of gran cell tumor of ovary
35
Dysplastic squamous cervical cells with raisinoid nuclei and hyperchromasia
Koilocytes (HPV)
36
Electric alternans (alternating amplitude on EKG)
Pericardial tamponade
37
Enlarged cells with intranuclear inclusion bodies
Owl eye cell of CMV
38
Enlarged thyroid cells with ground glass nuclei with central clearing
Orphan annie eyes of papillary thyroid cancer
39
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in liver cell
Mallory body (alcoholic liver dz)
40
Eosinophilic cytoplasmic inclusion in neuron
Lewy body (Parkinson and Lewy dementia)
41
Eosinophilic globule in liver
Councilman body (viral hepatitis, yellow fever) is hepatocyte undergoing necrosis
42
Eosinophilic inclusion body in cytoplasm of hippocampal and cerebellar lesions
Negri body of rabies
43
Extracellular amyloid deposits in gray matter of brain
Amyloid plaque of alzheimers
44
Giant B cells with bilobed nuclei and inclusions
Reed-Sternberg cells of Hodgkin
45
glomerulus-like structure around vessel in germ cells
Schiller-Duval body (yolk sac)
46
Hair on end (crew cut) x-ray appearance
beta-thalassemia, sickle cell (marrow expansion)
47
hCG elevated
choriocarcinoma, hydatidiform mole, multiple gestations
48
Granulomatous heart nodules
Aschoff bodies in rheumatic fever
49
Heterophile antibodies
Mono (EBV)
50
Hexagonal, double pointed, needle-like crystals in bronchial secretions
Charcot-Leyden crystals of Bronchial asthma
51
Giemsa stain
malaria, Chlamydia
52
Silver stain
fungi
53
Congo red stain
amyloid
54
Prussian blue stain
iron
55
Trichrome stain
fibrous tissue
56
High D-dimer
PE, DVT, DIC
57
hilar lymphadenopathy, peripheral granulomatous lesion in middle or lower lung
Ghon complex
58
Honeycomb lung
Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
59
Hypercoagulability (migrating DVTs and vasculitis)
Trousseau syndrome (adenocar of pancreas or lung)
60
Hypersegmented neutrophils
Megaloblastic anemia (B12 or folate defic)
61
Hypertension, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis
Primary hyperaldosteronism (Conn syndrome)
62
Hypochromic microcytic anemia
Iron defic, thalassemia, lead poisoning
63
Intranuclear eosinophilic droplet like bodies
Cowdry bodies (HSV or VZV)
64
Iron-containing nodules in alveolar septum
Ferruginous bodies (asbestosis)
65
Keratin pearls on skin biopsy
Squamous cell carcinoma
66
Pearly nodule with raised borders
Basal cell carcinoma
67
Large granules in phagocytes, immunodeficiency
Chediak-Higashi
68
Lead pipe appearance of colon on ab imaging
Ulcerative colitis (loss of haustra)
69
Linear appearance on IgG deposit on glomerular and alveolar basement membs
Goodpasture
70
Low serum cerulosplasmin
Wilson disease
71
Lumpy bumpy appearance of glomeruli on IF
PSGN (deposit of IgG, IgM, and C3)
72
Lytic punched out bone lesions
multiple myeloma
73
Mammary gland (blue dome) cyst
Fibrocystic change of breast
74
Monoclonal Ab spike
Multiple myeloma, MGUS (from aging), Waldenstrom (IgM) macroglobulinemia, primary amyloidosis
75
Mucin filled cell with peripheral nucleus
Signet ring cell (gastric carc)
76
Narrowing of bowel lumen on barium x-ray
String sign (Crohn)
77
Necrotizing vasculitis (lung) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis/ Wegener (PR3-ANCA/c-ANCA)
| Goodpasture
78
Needle shaped, neg-birefringent crystals
Gout (monosodium urate crystals)
79
Nodular hyaline deposits in glomeruli
Kimmelstiel-Wilson (diabetic nephrop)
80
Novobiocin
Sens: S epidermidis
Resistant: S sapro
81
Nutmeg liver
Chronic passive liver congestion due to RH failure or Budd-Chiari
82
Onion skin periosteal reaction
Ewing sarcoma (small blue cell)
83
Optochin
Sens: S pneumo
Resist: Viridans strep
84
Podocyte effacement on EM
Minimal change disease
85
Foamy macrophages that are PAS+
Whipple disease
86
Protein aggregates in neurons from hyperphospho of tau
Neurofibrillary tangles/Pick bodies
87
Psammoma bodies
Meningioma, papillary thyroid, mesothelioma, papillary serous carc of endometrium and ovary
88
Pseudopalisading tumor cells on brain biopsy
glioblastoma multiforme
89
raised periosteum (Codman triangle)
aggressive bone lesion eg osteosarcoma, Ewing, osteomyelitis
90
RBC casts in urine
glomerulonephritis
91
rectangular, crystal-like, cytoplasmic inclusions in leydig cells
Reinke crystals
92
Recurrent infections, eczema, thrombocytopenia
Wiskott-Aldrich
93
Renal epithelial casts
intrinsic renal failure from ischemia or toxic injury
94
rhomboid, pos-birefringent cystals
pseudogout (calc pyrophos dihydrate crystal)
95
rib notching on X-ray
coarc of the aorta
96
ring-enhancing brain lesion in AIDS
toxo, CNS lymphoma
97
silver-staining spherical aggreggation of tau in neurons
pick bodies
98
soap bubble in femur or tibia
giant cell tumor of bone (usually benign)
99
spikes on BM, dome-like subepith deposits
membranous nephropathy
100
stacks of RBC
Rouleaux formation in multiple myeloma
101
steeple sign on CXR
croup (parainfluenza)
102
bacteria-covered vaginal epith cells
clue cells of Gardnerella
103
strep bovis bacteremia
colon cancer
104
tennis racket cytoplasmic organelles in Langerhans cells
Birbeck granules
105
1000s of polyps
FAP (AD, APC mut)
106
thrombi of white/red layers
lines of zahn (indicates thrombus formed in vivo)
107
thumb sign on lateral neck x-ray
epiglottitis (H flu)
108
thyroid-like appearance of kidney
chronic pyelo
109
tram-track appearance of capillary loops of glom BM
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis
110
triglyceride accums in liver cell vacuoles
fatty liver disease (alcoholic or metabolic syndrome)
111
high uric acid
gout, Lesch-Nyhan, tumor lysis, loop and thiazide diuretics
112
waxy casts with low urine flow
ESRD
113
WBC casts in urine
pyelo
114
smudge cells (WBCs)
CLL
115
wire loop glom capillary appearance
lupus nephritis (and other forms of diffuse prolif glomerulonephritis)
116
yellowish CSF
xanthochromia from subarachnoid hemorrhage
117
Mucicarmine stain
Cryptococcus
