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OSCE 2 > Labs/Imaging > Flashcards

Labs/Imaging Flashcards

1
Q

acne vulgaris

A

none

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2
Q

rosacea

A

none

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3
Q

depression

A

PHQ-9, CBC

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4
Q

Dementia

A

CBC. CMP, B12, folate, syphilis testing, arterial blood gasses, UA, ECG, EEG, toxicology, CT, MRI, lumbar puncture, chest x-ray

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5
Q

impetigo

A

bacterial culture

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6
Q

folliculitis

A

bacterial culture

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7
Q

furuncle

A

incision + drainage for bacterial culture

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8
Q

carbuncle

A

same as furuncle (incision + drainage for bacterial culture)

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9
Q

erythema infectiosum

A

IgM, IgG can be measured

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10
Q

measles

A

IgM and IgG titers

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11
Q

rubella

A

IgG and IgM titers

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12
Q

pityriasis rosacea

A

If present on palms and/or soles - check RPR (to rule out secondary syphilis)

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13
Q

scarlet fever

A

culture for group A strep

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14
Q

roseola

A

none

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15
Q

hand, foot, and mouth disease

A

none

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16
Q

insect bites

A

biopsy (occasionally needed)

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17
Q

bed bugs

A

none (observe environment for bugs, stains)

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18
Q

herpes simplex virus

A
  • viral culture
  • Tzanck smear
  • screen for STIs + HIV (if hx warrants)
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19
Q

herpes zoster

A
  • viral culture
  • Tzanck smear
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20
Q

varicella zoster

A

ELISA titers (can confirm acute infection)

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21
Q

candidiasis

A
  • KOH
  • culture
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22
Q

tinea

A
  • KOH
  • culture
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23
Q

pityriasis (tinea) versicolor

A
  • KOH
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24
Q

eczema/atopic dermatitis

A
  • serum IgE
  • culture for bacteria or HSV if indicated
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25
contact/allergic dermatitis
patch testing
26
psoriasis
- ASO titer or strep culture (if indicated) - HIV testing (if indicated) - biopsy
27
seborrheic dermatitis
HIV testing (if indicated)
28
erythema multiforme
- skin biopsy - chest x-ray (for Mycoplasma)
29
urticaria
- biopsy - general workup to rule out systemic disease (for chronic urticaria)
30
malignant melanoma
- skin biopsy - excisional biopsy
31
BCC
skin biopsy
32
SCC
- skin biopsy - excisional biopsy
33
Delirium
CBC. CMP, B12, folate, syphilis testing, arterial blood gasses, UA, ECG, EEG, toxicology, CT, MRI, lumbar puncture, chest x-ray
34
Prostate cancer
CBC. CMP, B12, folate, syphilis testing, arterial blood gasses, UA, ECG, EEG, toxicology, CT, MRI, lumbar puncture, chest x-ray
35
DM
UA, serum glucose, hgA1C, insulin
36
Menopause
sleep diary, FSH/LH, TSH
37
Medication induced insomnia
none
38
Delayed sleep phase syndrome
sleep specialist
39
Narcolepsy
sleep specialist
40
Obstructive sleep apnea
sleep study, polysomnography, home testing
41
Periodic limb movement
sleep study
42
Restless leg
sleep study, serum ferritin
43
Multiple Myeloma
Monoclonal proteins, UA, peripheral smear, bone marrow, CT,
44
Thoracic outlet syndrome
electrodiagnostic testing, scalene muscle test injection, x-ray, US, CT, MRI
45
Lead
blood lead levels, X-ray fluorescence,
46
Tarsal tunnel
US, electrodiagnostic testing, MRI
47
Carpal tunnel
US, electrodiagnostic testing, MRI
48
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
electrodiagnostic studies, MRI,
49
Guillain-Barré syndrome
CBC, lumbar puncture, Electrodiagnostic studies, CBC, CMP, ESR, serum glucose,
50
Diabetic neuropathy
Electrodiagnostic testing, insulin, hgA1c, CMP, fasting glucose
51
HIV
HIV RNA, HIV antigen, CBC
52
Lyme
western blot, ELISA
53
Rhabdomyolysis
creatine kinase, UA, BC, BUN, creatinine, CMP, liver function test, PT, aPTT, d-dimer, fibrinogen
54
Hyponatremia
CMP, CBC, serum osmolality
55
Hypernatremia (diabetes insipidus)
urine osmolality, UA specific gravity, CMP
56
Adrenal insufficiency/Addisons disease
ACTH stimulation test, serum cortisol, salivary cortisol, urinary cortisol,
57
Chronic Kidney disease
CMP, US, UA, creatinine, eGFR
58
Hypoparathyroidism
CMP, serum PTH, Mg, Phosphate, Vit D metabolites
59
Hypophosphatemia
24-hour urine collection, CMP, electrolytes
60
Hypokalemia
ECG, CMP
61
Cushing’s syndrome
salivary cortisol, 24-hour urinary free cortisol, dexamethasone suppression test, fasting blood glucose
62
Sjogrens
CBC with differential, ESR, total globulins, immunoglobulin, UA, CMP, urine protein/creatinine
63
RA
ESR, rheumatoid factor, CBC, x-ray
64
Systemic sclerosis
CBC with differential, serum creatinine levels, creatine kinase, UA with urine sediment, ANA, serologic testing
65
SLE
CMP, kidney function tests, antinuclear antibodies, ESR
66
Dermatomyosisits
CK, aldolase, CBC with differential, CMP, ESR, CRP, TSH, serologic tests
67
Polymyositis
CK, aldolase, CBC with differential, CMP, ESR, CRP, TSH, serologic tests
68
Inclusion body myositis
creatinine kinase, CMP, lactate dehydrogenase, serum aminotransferases, TSH, autoantibodies
69
MS
MRI, CSF analysis, autoantibody testing, optical coherence tomography
70
Fibromyalgia
CBC, ESR, CRP
71
Cancer
CBC, leukocyte count, CMP, UA, glucose, hgA1c, TSH, HIV, ESR, CRP, x-ray
72
Anemia
CBC with differential, ferritin, serum iron, transferrin, TIBC
73
Hypothyroid
TSH, antibodies, T3, T4
74
Myasthenia gravis
ice pack test, edrophonium test, failure of neuromuscular blockade reversal, serologic testing
75
Intracerebral hemorrhage
CT, MRI
76
Brain abscess
MRI, serologic evaluation for a parasitic pathogen, cryptococcal antigen
77
Pseudotumor cerebri
CT
78
Subdural hematoma
CT
79
Hydrocephalus
CT
80
Intracranial tumor
CT
81
Dietary ingestion (tyramines, MSG, and nitrates)
blood chemistry
82
Drug withdrawal
blood chemistry
83
Severe hypoglycemia
blood glucose or continuous glucose monitoring
84
Carbon monoxide poisoning
blood gasses and carboxyhemoglobin levels
85
Temporal arteritis
elevated ESR
86
Cervical spine disorders
x-ray
87
Optic neuritis
ophthalmology
88
Trigeminal neuralgia
MRI
89
Meningitis
lumbar puncture, CBC with differential, CMP, BUN, creatinine, PT, thrombin time, blood culture
90
Otitis media
pneumatic otoscopy, tympangram
91
Pharyngitis
throat culture, CBC, monospot, rapid strep test
92
Dental disorders
dental referral
93
Sinusitis
x-ray
94
Benign exertional headache
MRI, CT
95
Cluster headache
MRI
96
Mixed headache
MRI
97
Migraine w/o aura
none
98
Migraine w/ aura
none
99
Tension-type headache
none
100
Head Trauma
MRI or CT
101
Ototoxic and salt-retaining drugs
audiometry
102
Neurosyphilis
serology for syphilis
103
Arrhythmia
EKG, Holter monitor
104
Orthostatic
tilt table
105
Anxiety
hyperventilation, GAD7, AUDIT, CBC, CMP, TSH, T3/T4, salivary cortisol, urine drug screen
106
Reflex syncope
ECG, tilt table
107
Cholesteatoma
audiometry
108
Perilymph fistula
CT, audiometry
109
Acoustic neuroma
MRI, audiometry
110
Labyrinthitis
audiometry,
111
Vestibular neuronitis
MRI, CT
112
Meniere disease
audiometry, electronystagmography
113
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo
electronystagmography
114
Stroke
CT or MRI, ECG
115
Vascular insufficiency
US, venography
116
TIA
MRI
117
Balanitis
none
118
Gonococcal urethritis
urine NAAT test, gram stain culture
119
Nongonococcal Fitis
gram stain, culture, NAAT testing for chlamydia
120
Acute bacterial prostatitis
segmental urine specimens, culture and sensitivity or urine and discharge
121
Epididymitis or Orchitis
doppler flow studies, urethral gram stain, urinalysis, culture, molecular testing for chlamydia and gonorrhea
122
Kidney stones (calcium or uric acid)
CMP, UA, CT or US
123
Renal abscess
UA, CT or US, CMP, CBC
124
Renal cell carcinoma
CT or US, MRI, biopsy
125
Transitional cell carcinoma (kidney)
CT, retrograde pyelography, CT urography, Ureteropyeloscopy with cystoscopy
126
IgA nephropathy
kidney biopsy, UA, creatinine
127
Polycystic kidney disease
CT, genetic testing, MRI
128
Pyelonephritis
UA and culture, urine dipstick,
129
Hydronephrosis
creatinine, UA, CMP, US
130
Sickle cell disease
UA, culture, hemoglobin electrophoresis, DNA testing, CBC, CMP, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, sickly solubility test, ALT, AST, ALP
131
Urothelial carcinoma of the bladder
cystoscopy
132
Squamous cell carcinoma of bladder
UA, cystoscopy, urine cytology, CT,
133
Acute cystitis
UA and culture
134
Radiation cystitis
UA, culture, cystoscopy, CT
135
BPH
UA, culture, creatinine, PSA
136
Schistosomiasis infection
antigen tests, PCR, serology
137
Drugs induced hematuria
creatinine, UA,
138
Wegner’s granulomatosis
ANCA, creatinine, UA, CBC, ESR, CRP, CT
139
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
CBC, c. difficile toxin assay or stool culture, molecular testing
140
pregnancy
pregnancy test, US
141
drug induced hematuria
UA, blood chemistry
142
Cystocele
US, postvoid residual (PVR) urine volume, Defecography
143
Reactive arthritis
x-ray, arthrocentesis, NAAT testing (chlamydia), CBC, CMP, UA
144
Urethral stricture
UA, dipstick,
145
Cauda Equina
MRI, CT, Nerve conduction studies and electromyography
146
Urge incontinence
UA, culture, office cystometrography, BUN/Creatinine
147
Bladder outlet obstruction
UA, culture, BUN, Creatinine,
148
Detrusor underactivity
UA, culture, BUN, Creatinine,
149
Chronic urinary retention
UA, culture, BUN, Creatinine,
150
Stress incontinence
UA, culture,
151
Mixed incontinence
UA, culture, office cystometrography
152
Interstitial cystitis
UA, culture, postvoid residual volume, STI testing
153
Vaginitis
gram stain, KOH, culture, molecular testing
154
Genitourinary syndrome of menopause/vaginal atrophy
vaginal pH,
155
Sickle cell anemia
CBC, CMP, iron panel, peripheral smear, UA, hemoglobin electrophoresis, DNA testing
156
breast cancer
- diagnostic mammogram - ultrasound - tissue biopsy
157
breast cysts
- clinical exam - FNA - mammogram - ultrasound
158
fibroadenoma (breast)
- diagnostic mammogram - US - biopsy
159
breast abcess
incision and drainage with culture
160
fat necrosis (breast)
biopsy
161
lipoma (breast)
biopsy
162
TB
biopsy, HIV testing, chest x-ray, purified protein derivative, QuantiFERON-TB gold test
163
ruptured implant
- diagnostic mammogram - US - MRI
164
mastitis/acute abcess
- bacterial culture - CBC
165
fibrocystic breast changes
- mammogram - if nipple d/c present: ductogram, maybe MRI
166
intraductal papilloma (breast)
- diagnostic mammogram - US - ductogram - maybe MRI
167
duct ectasia
- diagnostic mammogram - US - ductogram - maybe MRI
168
hyperprolactinemia
- serum prolactin - TSH - MRI (if indicated)
169
cyclic mastalgia
none (hx and clinical exam)
170
noncyclic mastalgia
- mammogram - US
171
costochondritis
- none - trial of NSAIDs - ECG - CXR, ultrasound, MRI/PET
172
Klinefelter syndrome
karyotyping
173
stable angina
- ECG - CBC/CMP, urea, electrolytes - fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides - ALP, ALT, AST (baseline for statin) - troponin, cardiac enzymes - echo - exercise testing/ECG
174
muscle strain of the chest (intercostal muscle, pectoralis minor/major)
- diagnosis is clinical - CXR - MRI to rule out rib fracture
175
pneumonia
- CBC, CMP, differential WBC count - CRP, ESR - BUN, electrolytes - ALP, ALT, AST - blood culture, sputum culture - CXR - pulse ox, blood gases - aspiration of pleural fluid
176
pneumothorax
- CXR - lung ultrasound (traumatic pneumothorax) - CT scanning - pulse ox, arterial blood gases
177
ischemic heart disease
- CBC, CMP, ferritin - BNP - fasting glucose, HbA1c - ECG - Echo
178
COPD
- spirometry, peak flow - CXR - CBC, CMP - ECG - CT scan - sputum culture
179
pulmonary embolism
- CBC, CMP, ferritin, clotting screen - ECG - CXR - pulse ox, arterial blood gases - echo - troponins - D-dimer
180
pericarditis
- diagnosis is clinical - CXR - ECG - echo - MRI, CT - needle aspiration
181
GERD
endoscopy, upper GI barium swallow, CBC, CMP, ferritin, esophageal pH monitoring (catheter, pH capsule)
182
peptic ulcer
- CBC, CMP, ferritin - H. pylori testing (urea breath test, stool antigen test, serology) - endoscopy
183
cholecystitis
- CBC, CMP, differential WBC count - abdominal ultrasound - HIDA Cholescintigraphy (blocked cystic duct) - ALT, AST, ALP, GGT
184
pancreatitis
- CBC, CMP - CRP, creatinine, calcium, serum amylase, lipase - glucose, Hba1c - serum trypsinogen - secretin stimulation test - plain abdominal x-ray CT scan, US, MRI - peritoneal aspiration, bacterial culture - laparoscopy, pancreatic biopsy
185
myocarditis
- ECG - CBC, CMP, creatine kinase, urea, electrolytes, ESR, CRP - Troponin - CXR - Viral or Chagas’s serology - Systemic autoantibodies - Echo - Cardiac MRI - Endomyocardial biopsy
186
rib fracture
- pain radiograph - CT - Ultrasound
186
Frailty syndrome
CBC
186
Hyperthyroidism
TSH, T3/T4, autoantibodies, thyroid ultrasound, CRP, ESR
187
Malabsorption
colonoscopy, stool culture, fecal fat
188
Anorexia nervosa
TSH, T4, CMP,
189
Crohn disease
CBC, colonoscopy, barium enema, small bowel follow-through
190
Nonorganic failure to thrive
CBC, CMP
191
Cystic fibrosis
sweat test
192
URI
none
193
Gastroenteritis
none
194
PID
CBC, culture, molecular testing
195
Osteomyelitis
culture, CBC, radionuclide scan, CT, MRI
196
Kawasaki disease
CBC, CRP, ESR, serum IgM, IgE
197
Enterovirus
none
198
Drugs and alcohol
CAGE alcohol screening
199
Heart failure
ECG, chest x-ray, arterial blood gases
200
Mononucleosis
Monospot, CBC with differential,
201
Hepatitis
liver enzyme function, BUN
202
anorexia or bulimia
- TSH - prolactin - FSH/LH - glucose - ECG
203
exercise-induced amenorrhea
- TSH - prolactin
204
Turner syndrome
karyotype
205
Cushing syndrome
- cortisol levels
206
PCOS
- FSH/LH - DHEA-S - pelvic exam - US
207
Asherman syndrome
- hysteroscopy - PCT
208
ovarian failure
- FSH/LH - estradiol
209
Sheehan syndrome
- hemoglobin - pituitary hormones
210
pituitary adenoma
- PRL - MRI
211
spontaneous or threatened abortion
- beta-hCG levels - US
212
placenta previa
US
213
ectopic pregnancy
- beta-hCG levels - US - laparoscopy
214
leiomyoma
- pelvic exam - US
215
adenomyosis
- pelvic exam - US
216
uterine or endometrial cancer
- endometrial biopsy - D&C - US - CT or MRI
217
perimenopause
- FSH/LH - estradiol
218
PID
- WBC - ESR/CRP - gram staining - bacterial cultures - molecular testing - pregnancy test - HIV and syphilis testing
219
genital warts
acetic acid test
220
vulvovaginitis
STI testing: G&C, syphilis, HIV
221
bacterial vaginosis
- KOH whiff test - microscopy
222
candida vulvovaginitis
- KOH prep
223
trichomoniasis
microscopy
224
syphilis
syphilis and molecular testing
225
cholelithiasis
- CBC, CMP, differential WBC count - abdominal ultrasound - HIDA Cholescintigraphy (blocked cystic duct) - ALT, AST, ALP, GGT
226
infectious endocarditis
- echo - CT, PET, MRI - CRP, ESR - CXR - ECG - blood culture, serology testing
227
ACS/MI
- ECG - CBC, CMP - BUN, electrolytes - troponins - CK-MB - CXR - pulse ox, arterial gases - CT coronary angiograph, echo
228
Rheumatic fever/RHD
- throat swab, culture - ASO, anti-DNase B, anti-streptokinase, anti-NAD, anti-streptococcal esterase - ECG - CXR - doppler echo
229
pericardial effusion
- CBC, CMP, ferritin, differential WBC count - urea, GFR, electrolytes - TSH, T3, T4 - troponin - autoantibodies (RF) - blood culture - echo - CXR - ECG - pericardial fluid aspiration - MRI/CT scan - pericardial biopsy
230
tuberculosis
- CXR - rapid nucleic acid amplification testing - sputum sample culture - biopsy, needle aspiration
231
atrial fibrillation
- ECG - 24-hour heart monitor - echo
232
supraventricular tachycardia
- ECG - 24-hour heart monitor - echo
233
mitral valve prolapse
- echo - transthoracic echo - ECG - CXR - 24-hour heart monitor - stress test
234
mitral regurgitation
- CXR - ECG - echo - cardiac MRI - coronary angiograph - BNP
235
heart valve disease
- CXR - ECG - Echo - CT, MRI
236
bronchitis
- CBC, CMP - CXR - sputum culture
237
emphysema
- CBC, CMP - spirometry - CXR - CT
238
cardiac tamponade
- creatinine kinase - urea, GFR, electrolytes - CBC, CMP, ferritin - ESR, CRP, rhematic factor - HIV testing, TB testing - ECG - CXR - echo - MRI, CT scan - pericardiocentesis - pericardial biopsy
239
cardiomyopathy
- CBC, CMP, ferritin - electrolytes, ALT, AST, ALP - ESR, CRP - thyroid function: TSH, T3/T4 - CXR - ECG - transthoracic doppler - BNP - MRI - endomyocardial biopsy
240
mitral valve stenosis
- CBC, CMP, ferritin - CXR - ECG - Echo (transthoracic/transesophageal)
241
aortic coarctation
- urea, electrolytes, creatinine - CBC, CMP, ferritin, blood glucose - CXR - echo - MRI scan - ECG
242
congestive heart failure
- BNP - ECG - echo - urea, electrolytes
243
hypertension
- albumin, creatinine - ECG - HbA1c, electrolytes, GFR, cholesterol - renal US
244
aortic stenosis
- ECG - CXR - Echo - stress test - BNP
245
aortic dissection
- ECG - CXR - CT, MRI - color flow doppler
246
pulmonary stenosis
- echo - ECG - angiography - CXR
247
aortic regurgitation
- ECG - CXR -Echo - Cardiac MRI
248
coronary artery disease
- CBC, CMP, ferritin, differential WBC count - cardiac enzymes, troponins - ECG - coronary angiography - stress echo - MRI
249
congenital heart disease
- US, echo - pulse ox, arterial blood gases - CXR - ECG
250
ventricular tachycardia
- ECG - electrolytes, urea - troponin - CXR
251
vasovagal syncope
- ECG - CBC, CMP, ferritin, differential WBC count - fasting blood glucose - echo, CT, MRI - stress testing - tilt test
252
asthma
- peak expiratory flow rate - peak flow, spirometry, FeNO - CXR
253
anaphylaxis
- serum mast-cell tryptase - ESR, CRP
254
HIV/AIDS
- HIV antibody (ELISA, western blot) - viral load. HIV RNA or bDNA assay CBC, CMP, ferritin, differential WBC count - ESR, CRP - screening for co-existing infections - CXR
255
pulmonary hypertension
- electrolytes, ALT, AST, ALP - TSH, T3, T4 - autoantibodies (SLE, scleroderma) - CXR - ECG - spirometry, peak flow - lung biopsy - echo - thorax CT - MRI
256
pulmonary regurgitation
- ECG - CXR - echo
257
atherosclerosis
- Ultrasound - MRI, CT - cholesterol, triglycerides, blood glucose - CRP/ESR - stress test - ECG - Echo - coronary calcium scan - ankle-brachial index - angiogram
258
iron deficiency anemia
- CBC, CMP, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin - endoscopy/CT - urinalysis - celiac disease screening
259
hemolytic anemia
- CBC, CMP, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin - LDH, bilirubin - Coomb’s test - CXR - ECG - abdominal US (spleen) - autoantibodies
260
macrocytic anemia
- CBC, CMP, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin, reticulocyte count - serum folate levels - serum B12 - ALT, AST, ALP - Coomb’s test
261
pernicious anemia/B12 deficiency
- serum B12 - plasma homocysteine, methylmalonic acid - CBC, CMP, ferritin - ALT, AST, ALP - TSH, T3, T4 - autoantibody screen, intrinsic factor - bone marrow aspiration
262
thalassemia
- CBC, CMP, serum iron, ferritin - hemoglobin electrophoresis - DNA testing - plain film x-ray, CT, MRI - ECG - HLA typing (bone marrow transplant) - liver biopsy
263
sideroblastic anemia
- CBC, CMP, serum iron, ferritin, transferrin
264
anemia of chronic disease
- CBC, CMP, ferritin, transferrin - bone marrow aspiration - ESR, CRP

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