language change theories Flashcards
(12 cards)
PIDC
Jean Aitchison
POTENTIAL IMPLEMENTION DIFFUSION CODIFICATION
the need for word, the beginning of use, the spread and the word gets recorded
S curve model
Chen change follows S curve, gradual, speeds up then slows to do with words, sounds or grammar
wave model
CJ Bailey, weaker as it expands, a particular geographical region or social group and time period the closest to the main change the most profound change
lexical gaps
words will be invented or borrowed to fill a gap
substratum theory
language changes through contact with other languages
functional theory
Halliday, language adapts to meet the social cultural and psychological needs of its users
metaphors for prescriptivism
Aitchison damp spoon, crumbling castle, infectious disease
laziness, perfect idea of English crumbling, others spread non standard
Random fluctuation
Hockett 1958 random errors and events such as the autocorrect of cool to book which lead to them becoming synonyms
marthas vineyard
Labov younger speakers resisted change in order to show their pride of location and individuality
the unfolding of language
guy deutscher, economy expressiveness, analogy reasons for change to save time, to be emphatic and to decrease amount of words
informalisation
goodman 1996 public contexts like music radio etc
colloquialisation
leech, no more dear sir madam just hi even professional environments are less formal
