Language (Human Neuro)

Question 1

In terms of categorization, what are the roles of the ventral and dorsal visual stream?

Answer 1

Ventral – involved in object categorization
Dorsal – involved in object differentiation

Question 2

What areas are associated with language?

Answer 2

Broca’s area, wernicke’s area, ventral premotor 6, dorsal premotor 6, areas of middle temporal gyrus, interior parietal and angular gyrus in parietal lobe

Question 3

What connects temporal and frontal cortices together?

Answer 3

Dorsal and ventral language pathways

Question 4

In terms of language, what is the parietal cortex involved in?

Answer 4

Non-verbal language (braille, e.g.)

Question 5

Aphasia

Answer 5

Impacts ability to speak, write, read and understand language

Question 6

Fluent aphasia

Answer 6

Able to speak fluently but has a hard time with mimicking others and with verbal comprehension. So, what they say might not make sense.

Question 7

Non-fluent aphasia

Answer 7

Unable to speak fluently but has good verbal comprehension

Question 8

Which lobes are associated with language?

Answer 8

Parietal lobe, temporal lobe and frontal lobe are part of this network associated with language.

Question 9

What are the 5 modules of the core language network?

Answer 9

Hearing, converting sound to meaning, articulating language, word recognition, and cognitive control.

Question 10

What does the core language network show?

Answer 10

Shows the distribution of language across the left hemisphere

Question 11

What is fluent aphasia?

Answer 11

Able to speak fluently but they have a hard time with verbal comprehension. So what they say might not make sense

Question 12

What is non-fluent aphasia?

Answer 12

Have good auditory verbal comprehension, but are unable to speak fluently

Question 13

Pure apashia

Answer 13

impairments in reading, writing or recognizing words when they do not have another language disorder

Question 14

What is aphasia?

Answer 14

impacts ability to read, write and understand language

Question 15

Types of fluent aphasia

Answer 15

Wernicke’s aphasia, transcortical aphasia and conduction

Question 16

Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 16

Unable to understand words or arrange sounds in a way that makes sense. So, they may have a speech deficit or difficulty with writing

Question 17

Transcortical aphasia

Answer 17

Cannot speak spontaneously, but they can repeat and understand words

Question 18

Conduction aphasia

Answer 18

Unable to repeat words, but can speak easily, name other things, and understand speech

Question 19

Amnesic aphasia

Answer 19

Able to understand, produce, repeat speech, but has a difficulty naming objects.

Question 20

Broca’s aphasia (non-fluent)

Answer 20

Able to understand language, but has a hard time producing it. Only key words needed for communication are needed and has a hard time switching from sound to sound.

Question 21

Types of pure aphasia

Answer 21

Alexia, agraphia, and word deafness

Question 22

Alexia (known as word blindness)

Answer 22

Inability to read

Question 23

Agraphia

Answer 23

Inability to write

Question 24

Word deafness

Answer 24

Inability to repeat or hear words

Question 25

Apraxia

Answer 25

Unable to perform tasks or movements when asked

Question 26

Apraxia (inability to perform tasks or movements when asked) points to.....

Answer 26

damage to the insula

Question 27

Trouble with understanding sentences points to....

Answer 27

superior and middle temporal gyrus

Question 28

Repeating language over and over again points to....

Answer 28

damage to arcuate fasciculus

Question 29

Inability to make sound and use working memory to make sentences points to....

Answer 29

damage to ventral pre-frontal cortex

Question 30

The right hemisphere is responsible for.....

Answer 30

language comprehension, emotional processing, visuospatial processing

Question 31

The left hemisphere is responsible for....

Answer 31

language production, timing and coordinating movements involved in speaking