Large Intestine Structure and Function Flashcards
What layers in muscle are complete and incomplete in the large intestine
Circular muscle layer complete but longitudinal layer incomplete
What spans the entire length of colon
Teniae coli
What do contractions of teniae coli cause
Haustra or pouches that give it a puckered appearance
What is the mucosa made out of
Simple columnar epithelium cells
Does the large intestine have crypts and goblet cells
Yes for mucus secretions
What mucosa is found in rectum
Simple columnar epithelium
How is the muscularis externa of the rectum compared to rest of GI tract
Thicker
What muscle makes up
External anal sphincter
Skeletal muscle
What epithelium found in anal canal
stratified squamous
What does the colon do
Transport of sodium to blood followed by water to dehydrate chyme
Bacterial fermentation products result in:
Short chain fatty acids for energy
Vitamin K (blood clotting)
Gas (Flatus) - N,CO2,Hydrogen
Defaecation reflux controlled by:
Parasympathetic control via pelvic splanchnic nerves
Give ex of enterotoxigenic bacteria
vibrio cholerae and escherichia coli
what do Enterotoxigenic Bacteria produce
protein enterotoxins which maximally turn on intestinal chloride secretion from crypt cells and this increases H2o secretion causing diarrhoea
What intracellular second messengers do Enterotoxigenic Bacteria
activate
Calcium
cAMP
cGMP
