Larynx&MiddleEar-Exam III

Question 1

What are the boundaries of the larynx?

Answer 1

Sup: base of tongue/epiglottis & C3 Inferior: 1st tracheal cartilage & C6

Question 2

Where is the corniculate cartilage?

Answer 2

On top of the arytenoid cartilage

Question 3

WTF is the Conus Elasticus?

Answer 3

the median and lateral cricothyroid ligaments and the vocal ligament

Question 4

What are the superior and inferior boarders of the Quadrangular Membrane?

Answer 4

Superior: Aryepiglottic Ligament……Inferior:Ventricular/Vestibular Ligament

Question 5

What Extrinsic muscle group elevates the larynx?

Answer 5

SupraHyoids

Question 6

What Extrinsic muscle group depresses the larynx?

Answer 6

InfraHyoids

Question 7

What Extrinsic muscle group retracts the larynx?

Answer 7

Pharyngeal Muscles

Question 8

What branch of CN X innervates EVERY intrinsic laryngeal muscle besides the CricoThryroid? What nerve innervates our lonely CricoThyrod friend?

Answer 8

Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve (Branch of Vagus X)….The external laryngeal nerve innervates the CricoThyroid

Question 9

Which intrinsic muscle increases pitch?

Answer 9

The CricoThyroid

Question 10

Which muscle abducts/opens the vocal cord?

Answer 10

Posterior CricoArytenoid

Question 11

Which muscle adducts/closes the vocal cord?

Answer 11

Lateral CricoAryteniod

Question 12

What muscle relaxes the vocal chords causing lower pitch?

Answer 12

ThyroArytenoid “Slackens” vocals

Question 13

What two muscles work together to close the glottis?

Answer 13

Transverse and Oblique Arytenoids

Question 14

What muscle controls fine vocal cord adjustment?

Answer 14

Vocalis

Question 15

What four main nerves send branches to give General Sensory innervation to the external ear?

Answer 15

1.Cervial Plexus(Greater Auricular) 2. V3 (AuriculoTemporal nerve) 3. VII 4. X (Small Auricular Branches)

Question 16

What two arteries off the external carotid are going to provide blood to the ear? What branch off the maxillary artery?

Answer 16

External Carotid: Posterior Auricular & Superficial Temporal….Maxillary: Deep Auricular

Question 17

What tissue type composes the external portion of the external 1/3 of the ear?

Answer 17

Bone

Question 18

What tissue type composes the internal 2/3 of the external ear?

Answer 18

Cartilage

Question 19

Which portion of the tympanic membrane is flaccid?

Answer 19

The superior portion

Question 20

Which pars of the tympanic membrane is tense?

Answer 20

The middle portion of the tympanic membrane

Question 21

What provides General Sensory to the external surface of the Tympanic Membrane? (HINT: think external ear!)

Answer 21

Same as external ear: 1.Cervical Plexus(Greater Auricular) 2. V3 (AuriculoTemporal) 3. VII 4.X (Small Auricular Branches)

Question 22

What CN provides general sensory to the internal Tympanic Membrane?

Answer 22

IX Glossopharyngeal (Tympanic Plexus)

Question 23

What are two main structures that are in the lateral portion of the middle ear?

Answer 23

Chorda Tympani(THINK tympanic membrane) & Tympanic Membrane is lateral in the middle ear

Question 24

What important landmark is medial in the middle ear?

Answer 24

Tympanic Plexus

Question 25

What is the only ossicle attached to the tympanic membrane?

Answer 25

The Malleus

Question 26

What are the two muscles of the middle ear? Innervation? Fxn?

Answer 26

The Tensor Tympany (fxn to tense the tympanic membrane..Crazy name, I know) Innervation: V3 & the Stapedius (fxn: to decrease vibrations on the stapes) Innervation: VII

Question 27

What is the purpose of the Eustachian (Auditory) (PharyngoTympanic) Tube? How does it open?

Answer 27

To equalize pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane...Opens via the tensor veil palatini, levator veil palatini, and the salpingo-pharyngeus working in tandem