LAS CASTUMBRES

Question 1

Leader of more than 2 or 3 Barangay

Answer 1

RAJA

Question 2

Leader of 1 barangay only

Answer 2

DATU

Question 3

Leader in Mindanao

Answer 3

SULTAN

Question 4

They united a particular barangay
into one

Answer 4

Reduction Policy

Question 5

Born in the illustration family of Portocarreros in Plasensia
in the region of Extremadura, Spain in the Early 16th century.

Answer 5

FRAY JUAN DE PLASENCIA

Question 6

Born in the illustration family of Portocarreros in Plasensia
in the region of Extremadura, Spain in the Early 16th century.

Answer 6

FRAY JUAN DE PLASENCIA

Question 7

He was ________ children of _________, a
caption of a Spanish schooner

Answer 7

one of the seven / Pedro Portocarrero

Question 8

A Spanish friar of the Franciscan Order. He was among the
first group of missionaries who arrived in the islands on

Answer 8

July 2, 1578.

Question 9

the chief who governed the
people and were captains in
their wars whom they obey
and reverence.
- the chiefs who govern and
captains in wars.

Answer 9

Datos/ Datus

Question 10

Tribal gathering smallest unit of government
o Barangay composed of 30 - 100 families and each
has a leader which are called Datu/Sultan/Raju
o The Datu manages the Brgy.
o It is a type of Monarchy Government (Political
Dynasty)

Answer 10

Barangay

Question 11

Functions of Datu (3)

Answer 11

Functions of Datu
▪ Implement laws
▪ Ensure order
▪ Give protection

Question 12

Juan de Plasencia grew up during the period known as the
________, a Golden Age when arts and literature
flourished in many parts of Spain, among them his native
Extremadura

Answer 12

Siglo de Oro

Question 13

This people always had chiefs, called by them ______, who governed
them and were captains in their wars, and whom they obeyed and
reverenced.

Answer 13

datos

Question 14

These chiefs ruled over but few people; sometimes as many as a
hundred houses, sometimes even less than thirty. This tribal
gathering is called in Tagalog a _______

Answer 14

barangay.

Question 15

5 Characteristics of slave

Answer 15

1. By captivity in war
2. By reason of debt
3. By inheritance
4. By purchase
5. By committing a crime

Question 16

Slaves can be emancipated through:

Answer 16

1. By forgiveness
2. By paying debt
3. By condonation
4. By bravery (where a salve can possibly become a Datu)
5. by marriage

Question 17

Maharlica

Answer 17

Nobles

Question 18

They were free-born
o They did not pay tax or tribute to the dato
o But they accompany the dato in war, at their own
expense
o Includes BABAYLAN and BAGANI
o In Bisaya its term is TIMAWA

Answer 18

NOBLES

Question 19

Aliping Namamahay

Answer 19

COMMONERS

Question 20

o could own a house and live away from the
master’s house

Answer 20

COMMONERS

Question 21

Aliping Sagigilid (guiguilir)

Answer 21

SLAVES

Question 22

Doesn’t own a house and are completely
dependent on the graces of their masters
o In Bisaya its term is ORIPON

Answer 22

SLAVES

Question 23

The first religion in the Philippines

Answer 23

ANIMISM BELIEF

Question 24

Among their many idols there was one called _______,
whom they especially worshipped. The title, seems to
signify “all powerful” or “MAKER OF ALL THINGS”

Answer 24

BATHALA

Question 25

Some of them also adored the stars, although they did not know them by their names, as the Spaniards and other nations know the planets – with the one exception of the morning star, which they called ______

Answer 25

TALA

Question 26

- The distinctions made among the priests of the devil were as follows: the first, called _______, as above stated, was either a man or a woman. This office was an honorable one among the natives, and was held ordinarily by people of rank, this rule being general in all the islands.

Answer 26

CATALONAN

Question 27

is the Northern Tagalog equivalent of a Visayan Babaylan

Answer 27

Catolonan or Katalonan

Question 28

ALL PHILIPINES • Man or woman • Powerful rank

Answer 28

CATALONAN

Question 29

• ALL PHILIPINES • witch • induce maladies • Can cause death

Answer 29

MANGAGAUAY/ MANGGAGAWAY

Question 30

• ALL PHILIPINES • witch • Cause infidelity • Can cause death

Answer 30

MANYISALAT/ MANSISILAT

Question 31

• ALL PHILIPINES • Emits fire • Wallows in ordure and filth which falls rom houses • Causes illness and death

Answer 31

MANCOCOLAM/ MANGKUKULAM

Question 32

• CATANDUANES • Powerful witch • Causes death • Can heal as well • Can destroy a home

Answer 32

HOCLOBAN/ HUKLUBAN

Question 33

• CATANDUANES • Eats liver • Causes violent death

Answer 33

SILAGAN

Question 34

• CATANDUANES • Creature • Head separates and body walks about

Answer 34

MAGTATANGAL

Question 35

• VISAYAS • Sorcerer • Can fly • Eats flesh

Answer 35

OSUANG

Question 36

• ALL PHILIPPINES • Witch • Deceived people • Made the unwilling fall in love

Answer 36

MANGAGAYOMA

Question 37

• ALL PHILIPPINES • Preacher • Helps one die

Answer 37

SONAT

Question 38

• ALL PHILIPPINES • Soothsayer

Answer 38

PANGATAHOJAN

Question 39

• ALL PHILIPPINES • Cotquean • Homosexual • Man acting as a woman

Answer 39

BAYOGUIN

Question 40

Political Leader

Answer 40

Datu

Question 41

Religious Leader

Answer 41

Babaylan

Question 42

Warrior for Peace and Order

Answer 42

Bagani

Question 43

Blacksmith

Answer 43

Panday

Question 44

These priests even induced maladies by their charms, which in proportion to the strength and efficacy of the witchcraft, are capable of causing death.

Answer 44

MANGAGAUAY/MANGGAGAWAY

Question 45

- These priests had the power of applying such remedies to lovers that they would abandon and despise their own wives, and in fact could prevent them from having intercourse with the latter.

Answer 45

MANYISALAT/ MANSISILAT

Question 46

- emit fire at night and when there was bad weather. Like his fellow agents, he could change his form to that of a healer and then induce fire at his victim’s house. If the fire were extinguished immediately, the victim would eventually die.

Answer 46

MANCOCOLAM/ MANGKUKULAM

Question 47

could change herself into any form she desired. She could kill someone by simply raising her hand and could heal without any difficulty as she wished.

Answer 47

HOCLOBAN/ HUKLUBAN

Question 48

preys on anyone who is dressed in white. They tear the liver and eat it afterwards

Answer 48

SILAGAN

Question 49

his purpose was to show himself at night to many persons, without his head or entrails. In such wise the devil walked about and carried, or pretended to carry, his head to different places; and, in the morning, returned it to his body – remaining, as before, alive.

Answer 49

MAGTATANGAL

Question 50

they say that they have seen him fly, and that he murdered men and ate their flesh.

Answer 50

OSUANG

Question 51

They made charms for lovers out of herbs, stones, and wood, which would infuse the heart with love. Thus did they deceive the people, although sometimes, through the intervention of the devil, they gained their ends.

Answer 51

MANGAGAAYOMA

Question 52

It was his office to help one to die, at which time he predicted the salvation or condemnation of the soul. It was not lawful for the functions of this office to be fulfilled by others than people of high standing, on account of the esteem in which it was held.

Answer 52

SONAT

Question 53

was a soothsayer, and predicted the future. This office was general in all the islands.

Answer 53

PANGATAHOJAN

Question 54

a man whose nature inclined toward that of a woman.

Answer 54

BAYOGUIN

Question 55

There were also ghosts, which they called vibit; and phantoms, which they called

Answer 55

TIGBALAANG

Question 56

They had another deception – namely, that of any women died in childbirth, she and the child suffered punishment; and that, at night, she could be heard lamenting. This was called

Answer 56

PANTIANAC

Question 57

Those who are maharlicas on both the father's and mother's side continue to be forever. and if it happens that they should become slaves. it is through marriage. situational ____

Answer 57

1

Question 58

If maharlicas had children by the slave-woman of another, the slave-woman was compelled when pregnant, to give her master half of a gold tael. In this case, half of the child was I'ree if the father (maharlica) recognized him. If not, the child will become a whole slave situational ____

Answer 58

3

Question 59

If maharlicas had children among their slaves, their children and their mothers became free. Situational _____

Answer 59

2

Question 60

If a free woman had children by a slave, they were all free, provided he were not her husband. situational _____

Answer 60

situational 4

Question 61

They were used by native Filipinos, notably the Kapampangans and the Visayans, during seasonal sea raids.

Answer 61

KARAKOA

Question 62

In all villages, or in other parts of the Filipinas Islands, there are no temples consecrate to the performing of sacrifices, the adoration of their idols, or the general practice of idolatry. It is true that they have the name ______ which means a temple or place of adoration

Answer 62

SIMBAHAN

Question 63

but this is because, formerly, when they wished to celebrate a festival, which they called _______

Answer 63

PANDOT or “WORSHIP”