last minute Flashcards
(29 cards)
pH of solution is LESS than pKa of the compound:
compound will be in its acidic form
*some molecules in basic form will become protonated
pH of solution is GREATER than pKa of the compound:
compound will be in basic form
*some molecules in acidic form will be deprotonated
what affects BP?
attractive forces (vanderwaals < dipole < H bonds)
surface area
branching
what affects MP?
packing
odd number of carbons pass LESS tightly = lower MP
most stable conformer of cyclohexane?
the chair conformer:
has NO eclipsing interactions
bond angles are 109.5
a substituent is more stable in __ position because…
equatorial; no 1,3-diaxial interactions
most stable newman projection
antiparallel conformation
compounds with different ___ CANNOT be separated
conformations
compounds with different ___ CAN be separated
configurations
in fisher projections, rotations of __ are allowed, but rotations of ___ are not allowed
180 is allowed
90 is not allowed
vinyllic carbon
the sp2 carbon of an alkene
allylic carbon
the carbon adjacent to the vinyllic carbon
_______ : all molecules are in the same plane
trigonal planar
no asymmetric to 1 asymmetric center:
racemic mixture
1 asymmetric center to 2 asymmetric centers:
diastereomers
m/Z = 43 could be
+CH2-CH2-CH3
m/z = 29 could be
+CH2 - CH3
m/z = 57 could be
+CH2 - CH2 - CH2 - CH3
Br is 50.5% 79Br and 49.5% 81Br, so…
the Molecular ion peak (M+) has 79 Br and has an equally tall M+2 peak that has 81 Br
Cl is 75.5% 35Cl and 24.5% 37Cl, so….
the molecular ion peak M+ is 3x higher than the M+2 peak
more conjugated double bonds =
longer wavelength
IR: more polar bond =
more intense absorption
IR: lighter atoms sow absorption bands…
at larger wavenumber
IR: stronger bonds (bigger bond order) =
show absorption bands at larger wavenumber
