Last quiz Flashcards
(141 cards)
1
Q
Poa Pratensis L.
A
Kentucky Bluegrass
2
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass is?
A
- Perennial, short, sod cool season grass
- apomixic (has clones)
- High LAI near soil surface
3
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass bud orientation?
A
Rolled
4
Q
Does Kentucky Bluegrass have an auricle?
A
No
5
Q
What are the tip of the leaves of Kentucky Bluegrass shaped like?
A
A boat keel
6
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass needs _____ soils
A
Fertile
7
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass needs _____ moisture
A
Sufficient
8
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass has ____ root system
A
Shallow
9
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass tolerates what better than most cool-season grasses?
A
Flooding
10
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass is _____ winter-hardy
A
Very
11
Q
Embryo production without the need for fertilization (asexual reproduction)
A
Apomixis
12
Q
_______ varieties of Kentucky Bluegrass produce less growth
A
Turf
13
Q
Traditional Kentucky Bluegrass for KY?
A
- Common
- Kenblue
- Ginger
14
Q
What kind of establishment is recommended for Kentucky Bluegrass?
A
Fall
15
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass requires higher soil fertility especially in?
A
P and lime
16
Q
Forage nutritive value is determined by ______ and ______
A
Maturity, Forage type
17
Q
Why at the same stage of maturity does Kentucky Bluegrass have higher nutritive value than other cool-season grasses?
A
- More leaf material
- Finer stems
18
Q
Is Kentucky Bluegrass better for individual or overall animal production?
A
Individual (total production/acre is lower due to lower yields)
19
Q
Kentucky Bluegrass is tolerant to____ and _____ grazing
A
Close, Frequent
20
Q
Dactylis glomerata L.
A
Orchardgrass (cocksfoot)
21
Q
Orchardgrass is a?
A
-Perennial, erect, tall growing bunchgrass
22
Q
Clump of tillers from axillary buds on crown
A
Bunch
23
Q
Orchardgrass bud orientation?
A
folded (flat tiller bases)
24
Q
Does Orchardgrass have an auricle?
A
No
25
Orchardgrass has _____ winter hardiness
Moderate
26
Orchardgrass has _____tolerance of dry soil
Moderate
27
Orchardgrass has ______ tolerance of flooding
Moderate
28
Orchardgrass is most tolerant to?
Shade
29
Early maturing varieties of Orchardgrass have?
Higher yields and faster regrowth
30
Later maturing varieties of Orchardgrass have?
At a given growth stage a higher leaf content and higher nutritive value
31
Orchardgrass is _____ responsive to N fertilizer
Very
32
Orchardgrass is more tolerant to ____PH and P soils than Kentucky Bluegrass
Lower
33
A ______stubble height is needed for Orchardgrass and _____grazing is recommended
Higher, Rotational
34
Orchardgrass produces more regrowth as hay than?
Timothy
35
Orchardgrass is ______in terms of yield and nutritive value
Intermediate
36
In Orchardgrass individual animal production is?
High
37
In Orchardgrass total production per acre is?
Moderate
38
In Orchardgrass ________declines very rapidly with maturity
Nutritive value
39
Orchardgrass is compatible with _____ and ______
Alfalfa, Red Clover
40
Orchardgrass has _______ establishment
Rapid
41
Orchardgrass has ____ regrowth in hay systems
Good
42
Orchardgrass is _____ productive during summer conditions
More
43
Orchardgrass may compete heavily with ______
Legumes
44
Phleum pratense L.
Timothy
45
Timothy is?
- Perennial, erect tall bunchgrass
| - mostly used for hay has
46
Timothy's bud orientation?
Rolled
47
Does Timothy have an auricle?
No
48
What does Timothy have that other plants do not to identify them?
Haplocorms (bowl)
49
Timothy is one of the ____ winter hardy forages?
Most
50
Timothy has _____ tolerance to high temperatures
Very poor
51
Timothy has _____tolerance to flooding
Poor
52
Timothy has an______soil fertility need
Intermediate (better yields with no N)
53
Timothy matures _____ than other cool-season grasses
Later
54
High winter hardiness=
Low fall production
55
Low winter hardiness=
High fall production
56
Timothy establishes ____, but may have slow ______ development
Rapidly, Seedling
57
What planting is recommended for Timothy?
Fall
58
Timothy requires no _____ for reproductive tillers
Vernalization
59
Timothy has ____ tolerance to lower pH and P
Moderate
60
________ application can increase tiller production
Fall N
61
Timothy is compatible with most _____
Legumes
62
Timothy produces high quality hay if harvested in _____to_______stage
Late boot, Early reproductive
63
Timothy produces _______ regrowth
Very little
64
Timothy has a ____ root system
Shallow
65
Timothy's carbohydrate reserves are?
Small
66
Timothy is easily weakened by _____and ______
Grazing, Frequent defoliations
67
Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.)
Tall Fescue
68
Tall Fescue is?
- Perennial, erect, tall bunch or sod grass
| - short rhizomes
69
Tall Fescue's bud orientation?
Rolled
70
Does Tall Fescue have an auricle?
Yes, claw-like
71
What does Tall Fescue have to identify it different from other grasses?
Prominent veins on leaf blade
72
Tall Fescue is tolerant to ____ and ____ environments
Cool, Hot
73
Tall Fescue is tolerant to_____drained soils and flooding
Poorly
74
Tall Fescue is more tolerant to ____than other cool-season grasses
Drought
75
Tall Fescue is very tolerant to _____soil fertility
Poor
76
Tall Fescue has quicker _____and ______development than other cool-season grasses
Germination, Seedling
77
Tall Fescue still needs ____ fertilization for optimal production
Adequate
78
Tall Fescue may be ____ competitive against legumes
Very
79
Tall Fescue needs to ________grazing until well-established
Minimize
80
Tall Fescue is tolerant to _____ defoliation
Frequent
81
Tall Fescue produces _____ and _____ hay
High quality, High yielding
82
Tall Fescue has ____ quantities of regrowth
Large
83
The deferment of grazing in late summer and fall to allow enough accumulation of forage to provide grazing during the winter months
Stockpiling
84
Tall Fescue maintains more of ____and____ during the winter months than other cool-season grasses
Yield, Nutritive value
85
Tall Fescue has a ______ nutritive value to most other erect cool-season grasses
Similar
86
Tall Fescue has _____ individual animal performance, and ____ carrying capacities
Low, High
87
Tall Fescue has mutualistic symbiosis with fungal ______
Endophyte
88
The fungal endophyte produces?
Ergot alkaloids
89
Cynodon dactylon
Bermuda Grass
90
Bermuda Grass is?
- Perennial, sod-forming, warm-season
| - has stolons
91
Bermuda Grass maintains _______LAI near soil surface
High
92
Bermuda Grass is ______adapted to low soil pH and extremes in soil moisture
Very well
93
Bermuda Grass has a ____ root system
Deep
94
Bermuda Grass requires ______ level of soil fertility
moderate-high
95
Bermuda Grass has ______ tolerance to cold
Very little
96
Bermuda Grass produces ____ quantities of hay
Large
97
May tolerate _____ and _____ defoliation
Close, Frequent
98
______ stocking rates are favored to maintain high nutritive value
High
99
Bermuda Grass is similar to ______ or ________
Orchardgrass, Tall Fescue
100
Bermuda Grass has _____ individual performance except in horses
High
101
Bermuda Grass has ____ carrying capacities
High
102
Bermuda Grass that has already been established is _____tolerant to weeds
Very
103
Bermuda Grass can be established in what two ways?
- Seeds
| - Sprigs
104
Bermuda Grass may accumulate _____ during drought
Nitrates
105
Requires ___ levels of fertilization to maintain persistence and productivity
High
106
Sorghum bicolor L Moench
Sorghum (cane)
107
Sorghum is?
-an annual
108
Types of Sorghum?
- Grain
- Forage
- Sweet
- Sudangrass
- Johnsongrass
109
Sorghum is _____ tolerant to high temperatures and drought
Very
110
Sorghum is ______ to frost because of?
Susceptible, prussic acid
111
Sorghum is more tolerant to _____ and ____ fertility soils
Acidic, Low
112
Brown mid-rib Sorghum has?
Lower lignin and higher digestibility, but lower yields
113
Photoperiod sensitive varieties of Sorghum?
Are adapted to equator day lengths and will not flower when moved to temperate regions
114
Sorghum has ___ ______ germination and establishment
Very rapid
115
In Sorghum _____ increase risk of nitrate and prussic acid poisoning
N fertilizers
116
Sorghum as silage should be harvested when ______ is present but still green
Grain
117
Sorghum as hay should be harvested at ______
Boot stage
118
Sorghum needs ____ stocking density since it grows so fast
High
119
Medicago sativa L.
Alfalfa
120
"Queen of the forages"
Alfalfa
121
Alfalfa is?
-Tall, erect
122
Alfalfa's leaves have ______ on upper _____ of their leaves
Serrations, 1/3
123
Alfalfa has a very _____ and _____ tap root system
Deep, extensive
124
Alfalfa has a very ___ fertility requirement
High
125
Compared to other plants Alfalfa has a very high ___ requirement
K
126
Because of _____________ Alfalfa has variable cold tolerance
Fall dormancy ratings
127
Depending on Alfalfa's ___________ they may be susceptible to diseases and pests
Pest resistance ratings
128
Ratings to indicate the relative differences in the amount of fall growth
Fall dormancy ratings
129
Fall growt is an indicator of ______
Winter-hardiness
130
% of alfalfa susceptible to diseases and pests
Resistance rating
131
Diseases to worry about in Alfalfa?
- PRR
- BW
- FW
- An
- APH
132
Insects to worry about for Alfalfa?
- Potato leaf hopper
| - Alfalfa weevil
133
Alfalfa needs what kind of soils?
Deep, well drained, fertile
134
Best time to establish Alfalfa?
Spring to reduce Sclerotinia
135
Best seeding method for Alfalfa?
Prepared seedbed with cultipacker
136
Mature Alfalfa does what to younger Alfalfa?
Produces toxin to inhibit root growth in the young ones; Autotoxicity
137
Risk of Alfalfa auto toxicity depends on?
- Age of previous stand
- amount of Alfalfa present
- disease resistance
- irrigation the soil receives
- soil types in field
- tillage type
- time interval of reseeding
138
Alfalfa needs lime with ____ neutralizing value
High
139
A ___ rate of N may help with establishment of Alfalfa
Low
140
Alfalfa should be harvested based on _______ not ______
Growth stage, Calendar date
141
Alfalfa that is more tolerant to grazing has what?
More crown buds and more prostrate growth habit
