Last Test

Question 1

Foreman and Croft classification grade one

Answer 1

No limitation of motion
No ligament injury
No neurological findings

Question 2

Foreman and craft classification grade 2

Answer 2

Limited of motion
No ligament injury
No neurological findings

Question 3

Foreman and craft classification grade 3

Answer 3

Limitation of motion
Some ligament injury
Possible neurological findings

Question 4

Foreman and craft classification grade 4

Answer 4

Limit of motion
Ligament instability
Neurological findings
Fracture or disk irritation

Question 5

Foreman and Croft classification grade 5

Answer 5

Injury requires surgical management or stabilization

Question 6

Stage one whiplash

Answer 6

Acute inflammation phase
Up to 72 hours post accident

Question 7

Stage two whiplash

Answer 7

Subacute repair phase
72 hours to 14 weeks

Question 8

Stage three whiplash

Answer 8

Remodelling face
14 weeks to 12 months or more

Question 9

Stage four whiplash

Answer 9

Chronic and permanent

Question 10

Three collision types for whiplash

Answer 10

Type one is rear impact
Type two is side impact
Type three is front impact

Question 11

For health history, questions for whiplash

Answer 11

What activities are difficult or painful to complete

What aggravates or relieves pain and symptoms

Which direction were you hit from front rear left or right?

Is this an insurance claim?

What are your activities of daily living?

Question 12

Rear impact mechanism of injuries

Answer 12

Acceleration of head is much greater than the vehicle
More severe and long lasting symptoms arise from this vector of injury

Question 13

Which impact is most researched

Answer 13

Rear impact is more researched because it is more severe and long lasting symptoms

Question 14

Front impact mechanism of injury

Answer 14

Reverse mechanism of injury to rear impact collision
Might see it and brace
Torso accelerating backwards
Neck, hyper flexes, then hyperextends
May lead to more soft tissue damage
Absorbs impact stress
Seatbelts airbags headrest crumple zones may reduce injury

Question 15

Side impact mechanism of injury

Answer 15

Mechanism of injury is initial lateral flexion of neck and torso towards side of striking vehicle then away

Little Protection except lap belt, which anchors pelvis

Severe sidebending in spine

Damage lumbar ligaments, disc muscles, as well as cervical and upper thoracic tissue

Side airbags introduced to help reduce these injuries

Question 16

For legal implications for massage therapists regarding whiplash

Answer 16

The first 24 hours the client may be asymptomatic, refer to a physician if any acute injuries are suspected

Important to thoroughly document initial assessment, including all findings ( dysfunctional, or normal limits)

Pain and functional assessment questionnaires can be used to measure initial symptoms for medical insurance documentation

We can also request access records of other healthcare professionals treating the client

Question 17

Three whiplash contraindications

Answer 17

One- avoid removing the protective muscle splinting of acute whiplash

Two - do not passively stretch a muscle that is in spasm

Three - joint play for the spine should not be painful

Question 18

Stretch for whiplash

Answer 18

Client can simply move the neck through its range of motion, contracting antagonist muscles to create the stretch instead of using the hands to pull the neck into a stretch. Don’t overstretch.

Question 19

Define torticollis

Answer 19

Abnormal positioning of the neck and head relative to the body

Question 20

Latin and common term for torticollis

Answer 20

Derived from Latin “tortus” means twisted and “collum” means neck

Common term is Wry neck

Question 21

Torticollis types

Answer 21

Acute acquired torticollis
Congenital torticollis
Spasmodic torticollis

Question 22

Acute acquired torticollis contraindication

Answer 22

Do not passively stretch spasmodic muscles

Question 23

Congenital torticollis contraindications

Answer 23

If working with infants use reduced pressure when treating contractures

Question 24

Spasmodic torticollis contraindications

Answer 24

Painful techniques, joint play, and local direct massage are contraindicated as they may make spasm more pronounced

Question 25

Define tension headache

Answer 25

A muscle contracture type headache usually associated with trigger points and other myofascial pain syndrome

Question 26

Cause of tension headache

Answer 26

TriggerPoints that refer into head and neck

Question 27

Two predisposing factors of tension headache

Answer 27

Sleep disturbance Postural imbalance TMJ disfunction

Question 28

Define migraine

Answer 28

A Paroxysmal Neurological disorder with many signs and symptoms

Question 29

Causes of migraine

Answer 29

Cause can be life-threatening disease or a minor complaint or anything in between Unknown and genetics

Question 30

Two triggering factors of migraine

Answer 30

Stress and hunger

Question 31

Aggravating factor of migraine

Answer 31

Movement and trigger points

Question 32

Define sinusitis

Answer 32

And acute or chronic inflammation of the paranasal sinuses

Question 33

Two causes of sinusitis

Answer 33

Viral infection and bacterial infection

Question 34

Two contraindications of sinusitis

Answer 34

Massage is contraindicated with a fever Local lymph drainage is contraindicated with acute infection

Question 35

Sinusitis pre-treatment hydrotherapy

Answer 35

Five minute facial steam to aid mucus drainage

Question 36

Oils that can be used in sinusitis Massage

Answer 36

Eucalyptus Cajeput tea tree Thyme Lavender

Question 37

Define emphysema

Answer 37

A disease that causes enlargement of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles and destruction of the alveolar walls

Question 38

What does pink puffer mean?

Answer 38

A person struggling and over ventilating maintaining blood gas levels until later in disease

Question 39

Two causes of emphysema

Answer 39

Over abundance of Proteolytic enzymes Inherited lack of proteolytic enzyme, inhibitors

Question 40

Three contraindications for emphysema Massage

Answer 40

Avoid placing client with severe emphysema in supine or prone position Do not use postural drainage directly after client has eaten Is indicated over boney prominences, floating ribs, and breast tissue

Question 41

What is COPD?

Answer 41

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder

Question 42

What’s a common cause of COPD?

Answer 42

Tobacco smoke

Question 43

What is cystic fibrosis?

Answer 43

A genetic disorder of the apocrine glands

Question 44

Define chronic bronchitis

Answer 44

A condition that results in the production of purulent sputum for at least three months in a row over two consecutive years

Question 45

What is blue bloater?

Answer 45

Cyanosis of skin and retaining weight

Question 46

Causes of chronic bronchitis

Answer 46

Smoking and environmental factors

Question 47

Two contraindications of chronic bronchitis

Answer 47

Don’t exhaust the client with over treatment or prolonged painful techniques Do not use postural drainage directly after client has eaten

Question 48

Lobes of lungs

Answer 48

Right (upper, middle, lower) Left (upper, lower)

Question 49

Asthma definition

Answer 49

Chronic inflammation disorders characterized by bronchospasms, which is reversible over time either spontaneously or following treatment. It comes from a Greek word meaning panting

Question 50

3 examples of extrinsic asthma

Answer 50

Pollen, animal dander, foods and cigarettes smokes

Question 51

3 examples to f intrinsic asthma

Answer 51

Weather changes, emotional stress, air pollution, fumes

Question 52

2 CIs of asthma

Answer 52

Postural drainage is CI with severe hemoptysis, severe pulmonary edema, congestive heart failure, pulmonary embolism, severe hypertension or hypotension, recent heart attack and neurosurgery Massage, lymph drainage and hydro CI in an acute attack