Late Roman Republic

Question 1

Tiberius Gracchus

Answer 1

Proposes land redistribution for urban poor using tribunal powers. Ignores senate SC and proposes legislation in tribal assembly anyways. Killed by senatorial mob.

Question 2

Gaius Gracchus

Answer 2

Continued land reform. Proposed grain dole, citizenship for socii, and for citizens to not be executed without a public trial. Senate passes SCU asking Consuls to resolve the issue. Gaius and his supporters are killed. Everything repealed except grain dole.

Question 3

Marian Reforms

Answer 3

No longer need to own property to become a soldier. State provides soldiers’ equipment.

Question 4

Sulla

Answer 4

Distinguishes himself in social war. Wants to fight Mithridates. Marius convinces tribune to give command to himself instead. Sulla rebels and takes over the city of Rome.

Question 5

Sulla’s Reforms

Answer 5

Cursus Honorum now written into law. No more grain dole. Weakened tribune of the plebs (no more veto, cannot propose legislation without senate permission, barred from future magistracies). Afterwards, steps down as dictator.

Question 6

Battle of Pharsalus

Answer 6

Pompey vs Caesar. Caesar’s clemency. Fought in Greece.