Roman Monarchy

Question 1

Jupiter

Answer 1

Zeus

Question 2

Juno

Answer 2

Hera

Question 3

Pluto

Answer 3

Hades

Question 4

Neptune

Answer 4

Poseidon

Question 5

Ceres

Answer 5

Demeter

Question 6

Minerva

Answer 6

Athena

Question 7

Diana

Answer 7

Artemis

Question 8

Mars

Answer 8

Ares

Question 9

Venus

Answer 9

Aphrodite

Question 10

Vulcan

Answer 10

Hephaestus

Question 11

Mercury

Answer 11

Hermes

Question 12

Bacchus

Answer 12

Dionysus

Question 13

Proto-Indo-European

Answer 13

Common ancestor of most European languages (including Greek + Latin). Jupiter and Zeus evolved from the same PIE god.

Question 14

Vesta

Answer 14

Hearth God, virgin Goddess. Eternal fire symbolized Rome’s eternal power.

Question 15

Vestal virgins

Answer 15

Tended the eternal fire of Vesta.

Question 16

Latins

Answer 16

Linguistic rather than political group. Included city of Rome.

Question 17

Magna Graecia

Answer 17

“Greater Greece”. Greek part of Italy. Colonized since Greek archaic age.

Question 18

Etruscans

Answer 18

Original inhabitants of Italy, disputed origin. Composed of loose league of city states.

Question 19

Augury

Answer 19

Divination by bird watching.

Question 20

Lictors

Answer 20

Magistrates Attendants. Carried fasces.

Question 21

Fasces

Answer 21

Bundle of sticks with detachable axe. Symbol of political power.

Question 22

Livy

Answer 22

Lived during the fall of the Roman Republic. Wrote about Rome’s foundation history.

Question 23

Fabius Pictor

Answer 23

First Historian of Rome. Wrote in Greek. Work did not survive.

Question 24

Exemplum

Answer 24

Examples from history to live by.

Question 25

Romulus

Answer 25

Legendary founder of Rome.

Question 26

The Rape of the Sabine Women

Answer 26

Sabines were invited to Rome, women were kidnapped by mostly male Roman population.

Question 27

Apotheosis of Romulus

Answer 27

Some accounts suggest Romulus was murdered, others suggest he was taken up into the heavens (Apotheosis).

Question 28

Tarquin

Answer 28

Nicknamed Superbus (The Arrogant). Last king of Rome. From Etruscan family, gained power through coup, executed rivals. Began construction on temple of Jupiter Optimus Maximus.

Question 29

Brutus

Answer 29

Nephew of Tarquin. Name translates to stupid. Led the overthrow of the Roman Monarchy, founded Roman Republic, one of first 2 consuls.

Question 30

Tria Nomina

Answer 30

Roman name. Consists of praenomen, nomen, cognomen.

Question 31

Praenomen

Answer 31

First name. Few names existed. Used within family.

Question 32

Nomen

Answer 32

Family name. The name most people would call you.

Question 33

Cognomen

Answer 33

Nickname. Usually inherited.