LE1 (Parasitic Platyhelminthes)

Question 1

Fasciola hepatica/gigantica
(Disease caused)

Answer 1

Fascioliasis

Question 2

Fasciola hepatica/gigantica
(Mode of transmission)

Answer 2

Fecal-Oral Route
Ingestion of Undercooked/Unwashed Aquatic Plant

Question 3

Fasciola hepatica/gigantica
(Intermediate host)

Answer 3

1st IH: Snail (In PH: L. philippinensis and L. auricularia rubiginosa | hepatica: amphibious; gigantica: aquatic)

2nd IH: Aquatic Plants (Ipomea obscura and Nasturtium officinale)

Question 4

Fasciola hepatica/gigantica
(Definitive host)

Answer 4

Herbivorous mammals (Sheep, Cattle, Buffalo, Goats)

Wild domestic herbivores (Deer, Camels, Horses, and Rabbits)

Accidental Dead-End Host: Humans

Question 5

Fasciola hepatica/gigantica
(Infective stage)

Answer 5

Metacercariae (Ingestion of this encysted on edible aquatic plants)

Question 6

Fasciola hepatica/gigantica
(Diagnostic Stage)

Answer 6

Unembryonated eggs (passed in feces)

Question 7

Fasciola hepatica/gigantica
(Treatment)

Answer 7

Triclabendazole | Bithionol

Question 8

Clonorchis sinensis
(Disease caused)

Answer 8

Clonorchiasis

Question 9

Clonorchis sinensis
(Mode of transmission)

Answer 9

Fecal-Oral Route
Ingestion of Undercooked Fish

Question 10

Clonorchis sinensis
(Intermediate host)

Answer 10

1st IH: Snail (Parafossarulus, Bulinus, Thiara, Melanoides) | 2nd IH: Fish (Family Cyprinidae)

Question 11

Clonorchis sinensis
(Definitive host)

Answer 11

Carnivorous mammals (Humans, Domestic Carnivores, Wild Carnivores)

Question 12

Clonorchis sinensis
(Infective stage)

Answer 12

Metacercariae (in flesh or skin of fresh water fish are ingested by the definitive host

Question 13

Clonorchis sinensis
(Diagnostic Stage)

Answer 13

Embryonated eggs (passed in feces)

Question 14

Clonorchis sinensis
(Treatment)

Answer 14

Praziquantel, Albendazole and Praziquantel-albendazole

Question 15

Paragonimus westermani
(Disease caused)

Answer 15

Paragonimiasis

Question 16

Paragonimus westermani
(Mode of transmission)

Answer 16

Fecal-sputum-oral route
Ingestion of undercooked crab/crustacean

Question 17

Paragonimus westermani
(Intermediate host)

Answer 17

1st IH: Snail (Antemelania asperata & Antemelania dactylus) | 2nd IH: Crab (Sundathelphusa philippina)

Question 18

Paragonimus westermani
(Definitive host)

Answer 18

Carnivorous mammals (Humans, Felids, Canids)

Question 19

Paragonimus westermani
(Infective stage)

Answer 19

Metacercariae (Cercariae invades crustacean and encyst into metacercariae)

Question 20

Paragonimus westermani
(Diagnostic stage)

Answer 20

Unembryonated egg

Question 21

Paragonimus westermani
(Treatment)

Answer 21

Praziquantel, Triclabendazole, and Bithionol

Question 22

Schistosoma spp.
(Disease caused)

Answer 22

Schistosomiasis

Question 23

Schistosoma spp.
(Mode of transmission)

Answer 23

Skin Penetration in Water-Related Activities

Question 24

Schistosoma spp.
(Intermediate host)

Answer 24

Snail (Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi)

Question 25

Schistosoma spp. (Definitive host)

Answer 25

Humans

Question 26

Schistosoma spp. (Infective stage)

Answer 26

Cercariae (penetrate the skin of DH)

Question 27

Schistosoma spp. (Diagnostic Stage)

Answer 27

Embryonated eggs (from stool/urine of DH)

Question 28

Schistosoma spp. (Treatment)

Answer 28

Praziquantel

Question 29

Taenia spp. (Disease caused)

Answer 29

T. saginata: Taeniasis T. solium: Cysticercosis (Affects Humans and Pigs)

Question 30

Taenia spp. (Mode of transmission)

Answer 30

Fecal-Oral Route, Ingestion of Undercooked Beef/Pork

Question 31

Taenia spp. (Intermediate host)

Answer 31

T. saginata: Cattle (infected by the cysticercus stage) T. solium: Pig (infected by the cysticercus stage called Cysticercus cellulosae)

Question 32

Taenia spp. (Definitive host)

Answer 32

Both spp.: Humans

Question 33

Taenia spp. (Infective stage)

Answer 33

T. saginata: Embryonated eggs (Ingested) T. solium: Cysticerci (Consumed in meat)

Question 34

Taenia spp. (Diagnostic stage)

Answer 34

T. saginata: Adult tapeworms (in small intestine) T. solium: Eggs and gravid proglottids (in feces)

Question 35

Taenia spp. (Treatment)

Answer 35

Taeniasis: Praziquantel, Niclosamide Cysticercosis: Praziquantel, Albendazole, Corticosteroids

Question 36

Common name of Clonorchis sinensis

Answer 36

Chinese Liver Fluke or Oriental Liver Fluke

Question 37

Common name of Fasciola gigantica

Answer 37

Tropical Liver Fluke

Question 38

Common name of Fasciola hepatica

Answer 38

Temperate Liver Fluke

Question 39

Common name of Paragonimus spp.

Answer 39

Lung Fluke

Question 40

Common name of Schistosoma japonicum

Answer 40

Oriental Blood Fluke

Question 41

Common name of Taenia saginata

Answer 41

Beef tapeworm

Question 42

Common name of Taenia solium

Answer 42

Pork tapeworm