LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

Question 1

A proccess of influencing others, attempting to achieve shared goals and inspiring to action.

Answer 1

Leadership

Question 2

The one who leads, conduct or guides the process

Answer 2

Leader

Question 3

To go with or ahead of so as to show the way; guide.

Answer 3

Lead

Question 4

Types of Leaders

Answer 4

*Informal leader
*Formal or appointed

Question 5

Does not have official saction to direct activities of others; chosen by the group itself.

Answer 5

Informal Leader

Question 6

Chosen by administration, and given official or legitimate autority to act
Ex: The elected and appointed officers of an organization

Answer 6

Formal or appointed

Question 7

Theories of Leadership

Answer 7

1. Trait Theory
2. Great-Man theory
3. Contingency theory
4. Integrative leadership model
5. Transactional Leadership
6. Transformational Theory
7. Path-Goal Theory
8. Strategy Theory
9. Charismatic Theory

Question 8

-Leaders have traits that must be enhanced by experience
-Envisioning goals, affirming values, serving as a symbol

Answer 8

Trait Theory

Question 9

Qualities/ Traits of a Leader

Answer 9

•Intelligence
•Personality
•Abilities

Question 10

Judgement, knowledge and fluency of speech

Answer 10

Intelligence

Question 11

Adaptability, alertness, creativity, cooperativeness, personal integrity, self-confidence, emotional balance and control, independence

Answer 11

Personality

Question 12

Ability to enlist cooperation, popularity and prestige, sociability/interpersonal skills, social participation, tact and diplomacy

Answer 12

Abilities

Question 13

Leadership traits

Answer 13

•Task-Oriented
•Relationship-Oriented
•Participative Leadership

Question 14

Behaviors include planning, scheduling & coordinating activites

Answer 14

Task Oriented

Question 15

Includes being friendly & considerate, showing trust & confidence, expressing appreciation & providing recognition

Answer 15

Relationship Oriented

Question 16

Enlist associates participation in making decisions

Answer 16

Participative leadership

Question 17

-Leaders are born and not made
-Great leaders will arise when there is a great need.
Ex: King in Spain

Answer 17

Great-Man Theory

Question 18

_____argues that few people are born to be great leaders who are well rounded & simultaneously instrument & supportive.

Answer 18

Great-Man theory

Question 19

-Leaders’ ability to lead is contingent upon the situation.
a. Leadership-member relationship
b. Task structure
c. Position power

Answer 19

Contingency Theory

*Leadership style will be effective & ienffective depending on the situation

Question 20

-Obviously, there is no one best leadership style. Leaders are rarely totally people-oriented or task-oriented.
-One should be aware of his own behavior & learn to adapt.

Answer 20

Integrative Leadership Model

Question 21

Integrative Leadership Model

Answer 21

a. Behavioral Theory
b. Participative Leadership
c. Situational Leadership Theory

Question 22

Successful leadership is based in definable, learnable behavior.

Answer 22

Behavioral Theory

Question 23

People are more committed to actions

Answer 23

Participative Leadership

Question 24

-Depends on the level of the maturity of individual

Answer 24

Situational Theory

-Situational Theory uses task behavior & relationship behavior in relation to the follower’s, readiness, called maturity to emphasize the importance of the maturity level of the followers, & the leader needs to adapt leadership styles accordingly

Question 25

People are motivated by reward and punishment

Answer 25

Transactional Leadership

Question 26

-Empowerment is the key factor -People will follow person who inspires them and who has vision and passion. -Value-based leadership

Answer 26

Transformational Theory

Question 27

-Leaders have certain objectives and initiate their followers to attain their own objectives. -Derived from the expectancy theory where people act as they do because they expect their behavior to produce satisfactory results.

Answer 27

Path-Goal Theory

Question 28

BASED ON HUMAN HANDLING SKILLS OF LEADERS Strategy 1: Attention thru vision Strategy 2: Meaning thru communication Strategy 3: Trust thru positioning Strategy 4: Deployment of self-thru positive self-regard

Answer 28

Strategy Theory

Question 29

-Charm and grace are needed to create followers -Self-belief

Answer 29

Charismatic Theory

Question 30

inspires others by obtaining emotional commitment from followers and by arousing feelings of loyalty & enthusiasm

Answer 30

Charismatic theory leader

Question 31

found that these leaders have strong conviction & high self-confidence & followers has the similar belief with the charismatic leader thus showing signs of unquestioning acceptance & obedience.

Answer 31

Robert House

Question 32

it sometimes leads into blind obedience but transformational leaders use it to motivate members.

Answer 32

Bernard Bass

Question 33

STYLES OF LEADERSHIP

Answer 33

1. Autoritarian/ Autocratic 2. Democratic/ Participative 3. Laissez- Faire/Permissive 4. Multicratic/ Situational 5. Charasmatic

Question 34

-Strong control over the group or directive approach -concern with task accomplish

Answer 34

Authoritarian/ Autocratic Autocratic- involves centralized decision making, with the Leader making the decision & using power to command & control others.

Question 35

-Leaders focuses on involving subordinates in decision making -People-oriented

Answer 35

Democratic/Participative Democratic- is participatory, with the autority delegated to others, influential by having close and personal relationship with the subordinates.

Question 36

-Delegating approach - Little or no direction is provided to subordinates

Answer 36

Laissez- Faire/ Permissive Laissez faire is passive & permissive, nondirective, inactive. Chaos is most likely develop because members may work independetly.

Question 37

The leader identifies which style of leadership a particular situation requires.

Answer 37

Multicratic/ Situational

Question 38

Obtains emotional commitment from followers and by arousing feelings of loyalty & enthusiasm inspires other to follow

Answer 38

Charismatic

Question 39

Legitimate power to direct others

Answer 39

Authority

Question 40

It is one's capacity to influence others

Answer 40

Power

Question 41

Derived from the knowledge & skills one possesses

Answer 41

Expert power

Question 42

derived from the position one holds in a group & indicates authority

Answer 42

Legitimate power

Question 43

derived from respect & trust coming from any individual group or organization

Answer 43

Referent power

Question 44

comes from the ability to recognize others for compliying

Answer 44

Reward power

Question 45

based on fear of punishment if one fails to conform

Answer 45

Coercive power

Question 46

comes from coalition & interpersonal relationship

Answer 46

Connective power

Question 47

derived from knowledge & access to information

Answer 47

Informational power