Leadership/Community

Question 1

1 essential component of leadership?

Answer 1

Effective communication

other essential components: Conflict manager, Knowledge/competence/ Role model, Delegation, Identifies goals/objectives, Motivation, Proactive, Flexible

Question 2

Authoritative leadership style

Answer 2

the nurse manager tells the staff what needs to be done and how to perform it without getting their advice or ideas

Question 3

Democratic leadership style

Answer 3

the nurse manager allow input and participation from staff

Question 4

Laissez-faire leadership style

Answer 4

the nurse manager has minimal input in work, lack of organization, coordination, and planning; not much sense of direction

Question 5

Transactional leader

Answer 5

focus on immediate problems using rewards as motivation

Question 6

Transformational leader

Answer 6

empower and motivate followers toward a common vision

Question 7

Intrapersonal conflict

Answer 7

conflict with self

Question 8

Interpersonal conflict

Answer 8

conflict between two or more people

Question 9

Intergroup conflict

Answer 9

conflict in department, organization

Question 10

Reportable incidents

Answer 10

Medication errors
Procedure/treatment errors
Equipment-related injuries/errors
Needlestick injuries
Client falls/injuries
Visitor/volunteer injuries
Threat made to client or staff
Loss of property (e.g., dentures, jewelry, personal wheelchair)

Question 11

Autonomy

Answer 11

make one’s own decisions

Question 12

Beneficence

Answer 12

do good for others

Question 13

Confidentiality

Answer 13

Observe the privacy of another and maintain strict confidence

Question 14

Fidelity

Answer 14

to be faithful to agreements and responsibilities, to keep promises

Question 15

Justice

Answer 15

to be fair to all people (when allocating limited resources)

Question 16

Nonmaleficence

Answer 16

not to harm others

Question 17

Paternalism

Answer 17

assuming the right to make decisions for another

Question 18

Veracity

Answer 18

to tell the truth

Question 19

Advocacy

Answer 19

the nurse assists the client to grow and develop toward self-actualization (emphasizes the values of caring, autonomy, respect, empowerment)

Question 20

Living will

Answer 20

a type of advance directive that describes how a person wants emergency and/or end-of-life care to be managed when the individual is unable to make decisions

Question 21

Durable power of attorney for health care

Answer 21

a legal document that designates a trusted individual to make health care decisions for the client

Question 22

DNR

Answer 22

Do Not Resuscitate - a legal document saying that a person does not wish to prolong life through resuscitative efforts

Question 23

Informed consent

Answer 23

• signed by clients who are ≥ 18 , mentally competent adult, legal guardian, emancipated or married minor, parent of a minor, or court order
• must know the procedure, risks, benefits, complications/SE, alternatives
• nurse’s role: witness the client’s signature and make sure the provider gave necessary info and client understood and competent to sign – notify provider if clarification needed
• *implied consent when it’s a life/limb situation

Question 24

Mandatory report what?

Answer 24

Abuse of children and older adults and Communicable diseases (syphilis, gonorrhea, chlamydia, HIV, Hep B and C, TB, Measles, Mumps, Chickenpox)

Question 25

Impaired coworker (using drugs or alcohol), what to do?

Answer 25

report to the supervisor

Question 26

Malpractice

Answer 26

an act on the part of a nurse for NOT meeting the expected standards of practice set by the nursing board = the nurse has breached her/his duty of care and this action has resulted in harm and injury

Question 27

Negligence

Answer 27

Omission of doing something which a reasonable person would do, OR doing something that a reasonable person would not do

Question 28

Emergent/Class I (red tag)

Answer 28

immediate threat to life; do not delay tx

Question 29

Urgent/Class II (yellow tag)

Answer 29

major injuries that require tx; can delay tx 30 min - 2 hr

Question 30

Nonurgent/Class III (green tag)

Answer 30

minor injuries that do not require immediate tx, can delay tx 2-4 hr

Question 31

Expectant/Class IV (black tag)

Answer 31

expected and allowed to die; prepare for morgue

Question 32

Effects of culturally competent care

Answer 32

* promotes communication * promotes effective care * improves treatment adherence * mutual respect

Question 33

American culture

Answer 33

* openly express positive/negative emotions * direct eye contact * maintain distance * health viewed as absence of disease/illness

Question 34

Asian culture

Answer 34

* do not openly express feelings * head nodding does not mean agreement * do not prefer direct eye contact * touching someone on the head may be disrespectful * reject psychiatric care * use traditional/herbal remedies w/ medical care * yin (cold) and yang (hot) * no "hot" foods during pregnancy (chilies, ginger, animal products) -- only cold foods (milk products, yogurt, sour foods and vegetables) * RISKS: HTN, stomach/cervical/liver cancer, osteoporosis, thalassemia anemia, TB

Question 35

Middle Eastern culture

Answer 35

* avoid eye contact with nonrelated people of opposite gender * touching/exams by opposite genders prohibited * avoid pork/alcohol * (Muslims) - dying client may wish to be placed facing Mecca (usually EAST)

Question 36

Hispanic/Latino culture

Answer 36

* needs of family take precedence * "hot and cold" foods * delay seeking healthcare * evil eye * food - fresh ingredients, beans, rice, fried foods * "siesta" - midday nap important for maintaining health * RISKS: DM, childhood obesity, HTN, Vit B12 deficiency anemia

Question 37

African American culture

Answer 37

* church and religious life are important (prayers and visits from a minister are important) * chronic/congenital illnesses consider as God's will * direct eye contact is rude * attention from family/relatives is expected when sick * RISKS: HTN, CAD, sickle-cell anemia, DM, prostate/breast/colorectal cancer, renal disease

Question 38

Native American culture

Answer 38

* grandparents are decision-makers * shamans used * silence indicates respect * eye contact may be disrespectful * illness caused by supernatural forces * RISKS: Alcohol use disorder, Gallbladder disease, DM, CAD, TB, Maternal-infant mortality, obesity, HTN

Question 39

Catholics

Answer 39

* avoid meat on ash wednesdays and fridays for lent * annointing of sick * sacraments before death

Question 40

Buddhism

Answer 40

* refuse care on holy days * refuse analgesics * avoid smoking/alcohol * vegetarians * shrine to buddha placed * belief in karma * cremation preferred * after death, recite prayers for 1 hour * chanting common * family stays with body for 2 days

Question 41

Hinduism

Answer 41

* no life-prolonging measures * vegetarians * soul is immortal * illness is punishment of past behavior * placed on floor while dying * typing thread around person while dying * sacred threads not removed after death * family bathes client

Question 42

Islam

Answer 42

* fast during Ramadan * AVOID pork/alcohol * don't use cough syrup * daily prayer rituals/privacy for prayer

Question 43

Judaism

Answer 43

* kosher diet - avoid pork and shellfish and do not prepare and eat milk and meat at same time * treatments sometimes refused on sabbath

Question 44

Jehovah's Witness

Answer 44

* refuse blood transfusions * avoid foods prepared with blood or containing blood * can eat animal flesh drained of blood