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Question 1

ameloblastoma tx

Answer 1

surgical resection w margin
recurrence - no CT capsule
malignant transformation - <1% ameloblastic carcinoma

Question 2

ameloblastoma histology

Answer 2

ameloblast cells
stellate reticulum
fibrous tissue stroma

Question 3

AOT histology

Answer 3

distinctive with patchy calcification
duct like structure/rosette/sheets - epithelial
fibrous capsule - removal simple and low recurrence rate
internal calcifications

Question 4

cyst vs incisive fossa

Answer 4

<6mm assume incisive fossa
6-10mm consider monitoring
>10mm suspect cyst

Question 5

odontogenic myxoma histology

Answer 5

loose myxoid tissue with stellate cells
may contain islands of inactive odontogenic epithelium
- vital but don’t divide (inert)
no capsule - locally invasive and infiltrate, harder to surgically remove, recurrence high

Question 6

dentigerous cyst histology

Answer 6

thin NKSSE

Question 7

dentigerous cyst origin

Answer 7

from E organ (REE)

Question 8

dentigerous cyst vs follicle

Answer 8

consider cyst if >4mm/asymmetrical

assume cyst if >10mm

Question 9

eruption cyst origin

Answer 9

ST

rests of serres

Question 10

radicular cyst origin

Answer 10

ep rests of malassez

Question 11

radicular cyst vs granuloma

Answer 11

diameter >15mm 2/3 will be a cyst

Question 12

radicular cyst histology

Answer 12

NKSSE lining - often incomplete
 - can get ulceration/hyperplasia
fibrous CT vascular capsule
inflammatory infiltrate in capsule
cholesterol clefts
hyaline/rushton bodies
mucous metaplasia

Question 13

gingival cysts origin

Answer 13

rests of serres

Question 14

OK origin

Answer 14

from cell rests of serres (remnants of dental lamina)

Question 15

histology OK

Answer 15

parakeratosis
corrugated wavy epithelium
no rete pegs
basal palisading

Question 16

carnoys solution

Answer 16

acetic acid
chloroform
ethanol

Question 17

fibrous dysplasia xray

Answer 17

margins blend

orange peel

Question 18

what does ossifying fibroma have?

Answer 18

capsule

Question 19

complications Pagets

Answer 19

infections
pathological fracture
(osteosarcoma)

Question 20

osteopetrosis

Answer 20

lack of OC activity
bone v hard
marrow obliteration

Question 21

cherubism

Answer 21

vascular GC lesions
regress after puberty
bilateral firm painless swelling

Question 22

cemento-osseous dysplasias types

Answer 22

periapical OD
focal OD
florid OD

Question 23

cemento-osseous dysplasias xray

Answer 23

radiolucency with developing radiopacity
can still see PDL space between root and lesion
poorly defined

Question 24

cemento-osseous dysplasias problems

Answer 24

increased risk of infections

Question 25

PTH

Answer 25

release Ca from bones

Question 26

hyperparathyroidism

Answer 26

generalised osteoporosis osteitis fibrosa cystica (brown tumours) metastatic calcification (kidney)

Question 27

primary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 27

gland

Question 28

secondary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 28

hypocalcaemia e.g. due to vit D deficiency

Question 29

tertiary hyperparathyroidism

Answer 29

prolonged secondary results in hyperplasia

Question 30

gardner syndrome

Answer 30

multiple osteomas colon polyps ST torso growths - dermoid cysts

Question 31

osteosarcoma xray

Answer 31

sunray

Question 32

measures of OB activity

Answer 32

serum ALP | osteocalcin

Question 33

measures of OC activity

Answer 33

collagen degradation urine and blood

Question 34

osteitis fibrosa cystica

Answer 34

characteristic cystic changes in bones due to prolonged unchecked hyperparathyroidism generalised osteoporosis focal osteolytic lesions GC lesion - brown tumour

Question 35

brown tumour

Answer 35

``` area of significant resorption GT fills spaces where bone was lots of MN GCs often bleeding into lesion - rbcs break down - haemosidrin - brown no capsule ```