Learning Aim A Intellectual development Flashcards
Define intellectual development
Involves the development or change of language, memory and thinking skills
Types of intellectual development
Memory
Moral development
Problem solving
Language development
Abstract thinking
Piaget’s theory
Believed that every individual passes through 4 separate stages in intellectual development
Piaget’s stages of cognitive development
Sensorimotor (0-2 years)
Pre- operational (2-7 years)
Concrete operations (7-11 years)
Formal operations (11-18 years)
What is a schema
A pattern of learning, linking ideas and actions to make sense of the world
How do children adapt to inaccurate schema’s
2 processes= assimilation and accommodation
Assimilation- new knowledge is added to schema help understand it
Accommodation- schema’s are altered or new ones formed due to new info or experiences
Piaget’s theory- conservation
Conservation= idea used by Piaget to explain children’s logical thinking e.g. shape of a container changes but amount of water stays the same.
Children under 7 thought taller beaker had more water but children over 7 (concrete operational stage) have logic so know the amount of water is the same
Chomsky’s theory (LAD)
Language acquisition device (LAD) hypothetical tool in human brain that lets children learn + understand language quickly
Chomsky’s theory
- Learning a language is natural rather than taught
- Every child has a LAD
- LAD is a structure in the brain every infant is born with
- Children all follow similar sequence in their development of language
Criticisms of Chomsky’s theory
- Not enough scientific evidence
- Underestimates social interaction
- Doesn’t consider children who experience delayed language for a number of different reasons
How age affects memory
- Memory lapses
- Exercise and lifestyle can help the brain
- Physiological changes can affect memory
- Takes older people longer to lean and remember
