Learning & Development

Question 1

Issues using in the job training methods are:

Answer 1

Often not well planned or structured

People assigned to train have no training to be a trainer potential transfer of undesirable habits / attitudes

Question 2

Teaching of students and children

Learning by listening, by doing through discussion and through discovery

Answer 2

Pedagogy

Question 3

2 types of knowledge and their definitions

Answer 3

Explicit knowledge: things you can buy or trade (copyrights, patents, forms of intellectual property)

Tacit knowledge: learned from experience and insight

Question 4

A process to identify gaps or deficiencies in employee and organizational performance

Answer 4

Needs analysis definition

Question 5

4 types of intellectual capital

Answer 5

Human capital
Renewal capital
Structural capital
Relationship capital

Question 6

4 sources of needs analysis

Answer 6

Employees
Managers
Subject matter experts
Human Resources staff

Question 7

On the job training method where training methods for skilled trades workers that combine on the job training and classroom instruction

Answer 7

Apprenticeships

Question 8

4 steps of training design and delivery (ISD model)

Answer 8

Training objectives
Training content
Trading methods
Learning principles

Question 9

ISD model consists of 3 major steps:

Answer 9

Needs analysis
Design and delivery
Evaluation

Question 10

Squires, organizes and shares information & knowledge and uses new information and knowledge to change its behaviour in order to achieve its objectives and improve effectiveness

Answer 10

Learning organization

Question 11

Renewal capital

Answer 11

Intellectual property (emails,patents)

Question 12

Kirkpatricks ROI formula

Answer 12

ROI = benefits - cost of program/ cost of program x 100

Question 13

3 steps of needs analysis in the ISD?

Answer 13

Organization analysis
Task analysis
Person analysis

Question 14

4 types of intellectual capital

Answer 14

Human capital (KSA)
Structural capital (formal / informal systems)
Renewal capital (intellectual property) 
Relationship capital (relationship with suppliers, customer, etc.)

Question 15

3 components of ISD model (Instructional systems design model)

Answer 15

Needs analysis
Training design and delivery
Training evaluation

Question 16

Gagnes 5 learning outcomes (VICMA)

Answer 16

Verbal information 
Intellectual skills
Cognitive strategies
Motor skills
Attitudes

Question 17

3 steps in the person Analysis

Answer 17

Define desired performance
Determine gap
Identify obstacles

Question 18

John Anderson’s ACT theory states learning takes place in 3 stages

Answer 18

Declarative knowledge
Knowledge compilation
Procedural knowledge

Question 19

The process of obtaining information about a job by determining the duties, tasks, and activities involved and the KSAs requires to perform the task

Answer 19

Task analysis

Question 20

The life long education of adults

They need to know reason for learning, have foundation, self concept, readiness, orientation and motivation

Answer 20

Andragogy

Question 21

Which instructional method can include mixed model strategy in which trainers show what should be done and why should not be done

Answer 21

Behaviour modelling

Question 22

Relationship capital

Answer 22

An organizations relationship with suppliers, customers, competitors that include how they do business)

Question 23

Informal vs formal learning

Answer 23

Formal:
Controlled by organization
Relevance is variable 
Timing is delayed between learning and use of knowledge required
Highly structured
Specific outcomes 

Informal:
Controlled by learner
Relevance is high
Timing: learning used immediately on the job
Unstructured 
No specific outcome

Question 24

Kirkpatricks hierarchical model of evaluation has 4 levels of training: with a potential 5th level added recently

Answer 24

Level 1 = reaction
Level 2 = learning
Level 3 = behaviours
Level 4 = results

Level 5 = ROI

Question 25

Instructional methods are techniques used to simulate learning name 9 Methodist used

Answer 25

``` Lecture Discussion Case study Case incident Behaviour modelling Role play Simulations Games Action learning ```

Question 26

Groups of people with common interests and concerns who meet regularly to share their knowledge and experience

Answer 26

Communities of practice

Question 27

4 steps in an organizational analysis

Answer 27

Strategy (mission vision values) Environment (technology, political, government) Resources( resources available) Context (work climate, collective attitudes of employees towards work )

Question 28

Which instructional method uses operating models of physical or social events designed to represent reality (expensive method)

Answer 28

Simulation

Question 29

What is the most important step in the training and development process?

Answer 29

Needs analysis

Question 30

On the job training method where an experienced and knowledgeable person is formally called upon to help another person develop the insights and techniques pertinent to the accomplishment of the job

Answer 30

Coaching

Question 31

2 steps in training evaluation (ISD Model)

Answer 31

Evaluation criteria | Evaluation design

Question 32

What are the 4 learning styles (you learn best by using all 4)

Answer 32

Converting (thinking & doing) Diverting (feeling & watching) Assimilation (thinking & watching) Accommodating (feeling & doing)

Question 33

% of how employees learn both formally and informally

Answer 33

30% formal | 70% informal (most cases the better way of offering a training program)

Question 34

A training instructional method in which one problem or issue is presented for analysis and is useful when the focus is on the topic

Answer 34

Case incident

Question 35

4 types of knowledge acquisition

Answer 35

1) environment scanning (internal and external teams, departments, industry watchers 2) formal learning (training and development 3) informal learning (trial and error, spontaneous) 4) communities of practice (learn from each other and identify new approaches)

Question 36

Which instructional method is used as a primary way to increase trainee involvement but is not effective with large # of participants

Answer 36

Discussion

Question 37

Kraiger and Ford learning outcomes (3) (CSA)

Answer 37

Cognitive domaIn Skill based domain Affective outcomes

Question 38

Steps in a task analysis (6)

Answer 38

1) identify target jobs 2) obtain job description 3) develop rating scale(to find importance of each task,difficulty and how often performed ) 4) survey those familiar with the job 5) analyze info 6) provide feedback on results

Question 39

Human capital

Answer 39

Knowledge skills and abilities (KSA)

Question 40

Which instructional method encourages open discussion of analysis of problems and events and is often used in business schools to teach and solve realistic problems

Answer 40

Case study method

Question 41

An in the job training method where a senior member of an organization takes a personal interest in the career of a junior employee (protege)

Answer 41

Mentoring

Question 42

Needs analysis has 3 levels. What are they are what do each gather information on?

Answer 42

Organization - gathers info on where training is needed Task- indicates what training is required Person - determines who in the organization needs training

Question 43

On the job training method where trainees are exposed to many functions and areas within an organization (the keg makes servers do this)

Answer 43

Job rotation

Question 44

4 steps in a needs analysis

Answer 44

Concern(itch or pressure point) Importance Consult stakeholders Data collection (organization,task, person analysis)

Question 45

Which instructional method enables large amounts of info provided to large groups in a relatively short period of time

Answer 45

Lecture

Question 46

Structural capital

Answer 46

Formal systems and informal relationships that allow employees to solve problems and make decisions ( MS Teams, Office 365)

Question 47

Acquisition. Of KSAs to improve performance in ones current job

Answer 47

Training

Question 48

Acquisition of KSAs require to perform future job responsibilities and in the long term achievement of individual career goals and organizational behaviours

Answer 48

Development

Question 49

A set of procedures that focuses on understanding the mental process and skills required for performing a job - used when traditional approach to task analysis cannot be used as focus is on mental processes

Answer 49

Cognitive task analysis

Question 50

3 characteristics of communities of practice

Answer 50

Domain : shared interest Community : interaction, discussion Practice : experience and tools to solve problems

Question 51

Most common method of training is ?

Answer 51

On the job training

Question 52

Maslows hierarchy

Answer 52

Top Self actualization (developing ones true potential) Esteem needs (feeling of competence and recognition by others) Belonging & love needs (social interaction, friendships) Safety needs (security, stability, freedom from anxiety) Physiological needs(food, water, shelter) Bottom(most basic needs)

Question 53

The study of the entire organization including its strategy, environment resources and context

Answer 53

Organizational analysis

Question 54

On the job training method in which A device at the job site helps an employee perform his/her job

Answer 54

Performance aid

Question 55

On the job training methods include (6)

Answer 55

``` Job instruction Performance aid Job rotation Apprenticeship Coaching Mentoring ```

Question 56

What makes up an objective (3)

Answer 56

Performance Condition Criteria

Question 57

Barriers to effective training (4)

Answer 57

1) Human (LCL of knowledge, skill, motivation) 2) Technical (poor job design, lack of tools/equipment) 3) Informational (defined goals, objectives lacking performance measures) 4) Structural (overlapping roles and responsibilities)

Question 58

The process of studying employee behaviour and performance to determine whether performance meets standards (part of needs analysis)

Answer 58

Person analysis