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Wine Knowledge > Learning Outcome 2 > Flashcards

Learning Outcome 2 Flashcards

Know the types, characteristics and styles of wine from principal grape varieties and other examples of wine

1
Q

Where do you sense sweetness in wine?

A

Tip of your tongue

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2
Q

What aroma would you associate with a wine described as oaked?

A

Vanilla

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3
Q

Which of the following would be describe a wine too high in acidity?

A

Tart

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4
Q

Y/N: Is a Cabernet Sauvignon a black grape?

A

Yes

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5
Q

Y/N: Is plum a fruit flavour would you associate with Merlot?

A

Yes

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6
Q

Warm climate chardonnay is often described as having which fruit character?

A

Tropical fruits

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7
Q

Chablis (made from chardonnay in the very northern tip of burgundy) is an example of which style of wine?

A

Dry white

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8
Q

How would you describe a New Zealand Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Fruity and high acidity

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9
Q

Chateanuef du Pape (southern region of France) is a

A

Full-bodied still red wine

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10
Q

White Zinfandel can be described as what style of wine?

A

Rose wine

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11
Q

Which of the following is a fortified wine?

A

Port

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12
Q

Chardonnay from the New World is often described as having which fruit character?

A

Tropical fruit

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13
Q

Where is Rioja?

A

Spain

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14
Q

T/F: There are five types of wine.

A

False.

There are three types of wine:
Still Wines
Sparkling Wines
Fortified Wines

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15
Q

What is the abv for still wines?

A

The abv for still wines is between 8% - 15%
The majority are between 11.5% - 14% abv
ABV = Alcohol By Volume, and is expressed as a percentage

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16
Q

What are many still wines named after?

A

Many still wines are named after the region in which they were produced. These would often be from the classic wine-producing regions in Europe.

Other wines are named after the grape variety used to make them. These can be from Europe or most wine regions outside of Europe.

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17
Q

What is the ‘fizz’ in sparkling wines caused by?

A

The ‘fizz’ in sparkling wines is caused by carbon dioxide gas which is produced by fermentation, and is purposely trapped in the wine.

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18
Q

List three well known examples of sparkling.

A

Champagne (France)
Cava (Spain)
Prosecco (Italy)

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19
Q

What is the abv of fortified wine and why?

A

Fortified wines have a higher abv of 15%-22% because extra alcohol is added to the wines.

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20
Q

List two examples of fortified wines from around the world.

A

Sherry (Spain)

Port (Portugal)

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21
Q

What makes up the style of wine?

A

The color, structural characteristics, aromas and flavors all make up the style of wine.

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22
Q

What influences the final color of a wine?

A

The color of a wine is influenced by the grape variety used, as well as the way the wine is made.

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23
Q

T/F: Rosé wines are made with black grapes

A

True.

Rosé wines are made from black grapes.
The juice is left in contact with the skin for a short period of time before it is drained so that the juice is only lightly colored by the skins.

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24
Q

What are notable structural characteristics?

A 
Sweetness
Acidity
Tannins
Alcohol
Body
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25
Q

What causes sweetness?

A

Sweetness is caused by the presence of sugar in the wine.

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26
Q

How is a dry wine made?

A

To make a dry wine, the yeast must convert all of the sugar in the grape juice into alcohol.

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27
Q

What are the two key ways to make a wine with a medium level of sweetness?

A

Remove the yeast before all the sugar is converted into alcohol
Add unfermented grape juice to a dry wine

28
Q

T/F: The majority of wines are sweet.

A

False.

The majority of wines are dry.

29
Q

T/F: Most wines that have a medium level of sweetness are either white or rosé.

A

True.

There are few truly sweet red wines, except for some dessert style wines.

30
Q

What are the two key ways of making a sweet wine?

A

Use grapes so high in sugar that the yeast stops fermenting before they eat all the sugar.

In the case of fortified wines, the yeast are killed by the addition of high-strength distilled alcohol before they can eat all the sugar.

31
Q

Where does acidity in wine come from?

A

Acidity comes directly from the grape juice. (Acidity gives wine a refreshing characteristic.)

32
Q

How can you recognize acidity in wine?

A

Acidity makes your mouth water, and it helps balance out sweetness.

33
Q

T/F: Tannin is a characteristic only of white wine.

A

False.

Tannin is a characteristic of red wine and comes from the skin of the grapes.

34
Q

What determines the level of tannin in wine?

A

Grape variety and how the wine is made

35
Q

How can you pick out tannins in wine?

A

Tannins cause your mouth to feel dry, puckery and astringent.

36
Q

What do full-bodied wines feel like in comparison to light-bodied wines?

A

Full-bodied wines feel viscous & mouth-filling.

Light-bodied wines feel more delicate.

37
Q

Where can some aromas and flavors of wines come from?

A

Aromas and flavors of wines come from a variety of sources. Some come from the grapes while others develop during winemaking and maturation.

38
Q

T/F: Two of the most common aromas and flavors of wines are fruits and oak.

A

True

39
Q

List the principal white grape varieties

A

Chardonnay
Sauvignon blanc
Pinot grigio
Riesling

40
Q

List the principal black grape varieties

A

Cabernet sauvignon
Merlot
Pinot noir
Syrah/shiraz

41
Q

Describe the characteristics of a cool climate chardonnay.

A

High acidity
Light to medium-bodied
Green fruit
Citrus aromas

42
Q

Describe the characteristics of a warm climate chardonnay.

A

Medium acidity
Medium to full body
Stone fruit flavors
Tropical fruit flavors

43
Q

T/F: Chardonnay can be used in the making of Champagne.

A

True.

It is often blended with pinot noir in Champagne.

44
Q

Describe some of the characteristics of wine made from sauvignon blanc grapes.

A 
High acidity
Medium-bodied wines
Aromas of green fruit
Citrus aromas and flavors
Herbaceous aromas and flavors
They are often fermented in stainless steel tanks instead of oak.
45
Q

What country is pinot grigio mainly associated with?

A

Italy.

High acidity, light body and simple pear and lemon flavors make up a typical wine produced with pinot grigio.

46
Q

T/F: Riesling only produces wines that are sweet.

A

False.

Riesling produces wines that range from dry to sweet but always have high acidity.
They are often fermented in stainless steel tanks.

47
Q

What are some characteristics of cabernet sauvignon wines?

A 
Dry wines
High levels of tannins and acidity
Medium to full bodied
Black fruit aromas
Herbaceous notes 
These wines are often matured in oak and blended with other grape varieties due to the high level of tannins.
48
Q

Describe the typical characteristics of a merlot wine.

A 
Generally dry
Medium to full-bodied wines
Medium acidity and tannins
A range of flavors and aromas from red fruits to black fruits
They are often matured in oak.
49
Q

T/F: Pinot noir is the principal black grape in New Zealand

A

True.

Wines produced with pinot noir tend to be dry and light bodied with low tannin levels.
They have red fruit flavors and are often matured in oak.

50
Q

What are the characteristics of wines produced with syrah/shiraz?

A 
Dry wines
medium to full bodied
high tannins
medium acidity
The wines produced in France are medium-bodied with fresh black fruit and pepper aromas, while the wines produed in warmer regions such as Australia are more full-bodied with jammy black fruit and liquorice flavors
51
Q

What is a top French sparkling wine made from chardonnay and pinot noir, and is typically dry with high acidity and aromas of green fruits and lemons, and bread notes?

A

Champagne

52
Q

What is a dry, medium-bodied French white wine made from sauvignon blanc, and is typically unoaked with high acidity and green fruit and herbaceous aromas?

A

Sancerre

53
Q

What is a dry, light-bodied French white wine made from chardonnay, which is often unoaked with high acidity and has green fruit and lemon aromas?

A

Chablis

54
Q

What is a white wine made from chardonnay in the Burgundy/Bourgogne area of France, is either oaked or unoaked, and dry, medium bodied with ripe fruit flavors?

A

(White) Burgundy

55
Q

What is a dry, light-bodied red wine made with pinot noir from the Burgundy/Bourgogne area of France, and will often have low tannins and high acidity with red fruit and oak flavors?

A

(Red) Burgundy

56
Q

What are mostly red wines with high acidity and tannins, dry and medum- to full-bodied with aromas of black fruits and oak? Typically a blend of cabernet sauvignon and merlot, and produced in the Bordeaux region of France?

A

Bordeaux Rouge

57
Q

What is a light-bodied sparkling white wine from Italy with green fruit and floral aromas, and can be either dry or medium sweetness?

A

Prosecco

58
Q

What is a dry, sparkling wine from Spain with flavors of green fruit and citrus?

A

Cava

59
Q

What is a California rosé that is unoaked, low alcohol with a medium level of sweetness and red fruit flavors?

A

White zinfandel

60
Q

What is a dry, light-bodied red wine from France, unoaked with fresh red fruit flavors and low tannins?

A

Beaujolais

61
Q

What is a dry, medium-bodied red wine from the Rhône Valley in France, with red fruit and pepper flavors, oaked or unoaked?

A

Côtes du Rhône

62
Q

Dry, medium-bodied red wine from Central Italy, with high tannins and acidity, red fruit flavors and clove aromas from oak

A

Chianti

63
Q

What is a dry, medium- to full-bodied red wine from northern Spain, with red fruit and vanilla flavors?

A

Rioja

64
Q

What is a dry, full-bodied, high-alcohol red wine from the Rhône Valley in France, with red fruit and clove flavors?

A

Châteauneuf-du-Pape

65
Q

What is a sweet white wine from Bordeaux, generally full bodied with stone fruit, honey and vanilla flavors, and high acidity to balance it out?

A

Sauternes

66
Q

What is a fortified white wine from Spain?

A

Sherry

67
Q

What is a fortified wine from Portugal with elevated sweetness and high alcohol, typically red fruit aromas, full-bodied with high tannins and black fruit flavors?

A

Port

Wine Knowledge (3 decks)

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