Learning Pt. 2 Vocab Terms Flashcards
(20 cards)
positive reinforcement
increasing behavior by presenting positive stimuli
reinforcer
event that strengthens the behavior it follows
negative reinforcement
increasing behaviors by stopping or reducing negative stimuli
primary reinforcer
innately reinforcing stimulus
conditioned reinforcer
stimulus that gains its reinforcing power through its association with a primary reinforcer
continuous reinforcement
reinforcing the desired response every time it occurs
partial (intermittent) reinforcement
reinforcing a response only part of the time
fixed-radio schedule
a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified number of responses
variable-ratio schedule
a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response after an unpredictable number of responses
fixed-interval schedule
a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response only after a specified find has elapsed
variable-interval schedule
a reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response at unpredictable time intervals
punishment
an event that decreases the behavior that it follows
cognitive map
mental representation of the layout of one’s environment
latent learning
learning that occurs but is not apparent until there is an incentive to demonstrate it
Intrinsic motivation
desire to perform a behavior for its own sake
extrinsic motivation
desire to perform a behavior due to promised rewards or threats of punishment
observational learning
learning by observing others
modeling
process of observing and imitating a specific behavior
mirror neurons
frontal lobe neurons that fire when performing certain actions or when observing another doing so
prosocial behavior
positive, constructive, helpful behavior
