Thinking Vocab Terms Flashcards
(27 cards)
concept
mental grouping of similar objects
cognition
thinking knowing remembering communicating
prototype
mental image or best example
algorithm
methodical logical rule or procedure
heuristic
simple thinking strategy
insight
sudden and often novel realization
confirmation bias
tendency to search for information
fixation
inability to see a problem from a new perspective
mental set
tendency to approach a problem in a particular way
functional fixedness
tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions
representativeness heuristic
judging the likelihood of things
availability heuristic
estimating the likelihood of events
overconfidence
tendency to be more confident
framing
way an issue is posed
belief bias
tendency for one’s preexisting beliefs to distort logical reasoning
belief perseverance
clinging to one’s initial conceptions
language
our spoken written or signed words
phoneme
smallest distinctive sound unit
morpheme
smallest unit that carries meaning
grammar
system of rules that enables us to communicate with and understand others
semantics
set of rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes words and sentences
syntax
rules for combining words into grammatically sensible sentences
babbling stage
(beginning at about 4 months)
stage of speech development
one-word stage
(age 1-2)
child speaks mostly in single words
