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Botany > leaves botany > Flashcards

leaves botany Flashcards

1
Q

Leaves are flat
and thin for
maximum
absorption of

A

light and gas

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2
Q

All leaves originate
as

A

primordia

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3
Q

support
leaves to have and
ideal cylindrical
structure of foliage.

A

Stems

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4
Q

large, flat,
green structure that
photosynthesizes

A

Leaf:

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5
Q

Blade is
divided into
leaflets

A

COMPOUND

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6
Q

With a single
blade

A

SIMPLE

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7
Q

Leaflets in pairs along rachis (petiole)

A

Pinnately compound

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8
Q

leaflets are further subdivided

A

Bipinnately compound

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9
Q

All leaflets are attached at same point at the end of petiole

A

Palmately compound

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10
Q

Play major role in movement of water absorbed by roots

A

leaves

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11
Q

occurs when water evaporates from leaf surface.

A

Transpiration

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12
Q

Root pressure forces water out hydathodes at tips of
leaf veins in some plants.

A

Guttation -

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13
Q

attachment of leaves to stems

A

Nodes

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14
Q

stem regions between two nodes.

A

Internodes

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15
Q

Arrangement of leaves on stem

A

alternate, opposite, whorled

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16
Q

one leaf per node

A

Alternate

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17
Q

two leaves per node

A

Opposite

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18
Q

three or more leaves per node

A

Whorled

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19
Q

Main midvein included within enlarged midrib.

Secondary veins branch from midvein.

A

Pinnately veined leaves

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20
Q

Several primary veins fan out from base of blade.

A

Palmately veined leaves

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21
Q

Monocots

Primary veins are parallel

A

Parallel venation

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22
Q

Dicots

Primary veins divergent in various ways

A

Netted / Reticulated venation

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23
Q

Veins fork evenly and progressively from base of blade

A

Dichotomous venation

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24
Q

Single layer of cells covering the entire surface of the leaf

Devoid of chloroplasts

Coated with cuticle (with cutin)

Functions to protect tissues inside leaves

A

Epidermis

25
Q

Lower epidermis typically has thinner layer of ______and is
perforated by numerous _____

A

cutin and stomata.

26
Q

bordered by two guard cells.

A

Stomata

27
Q

originate from the same parent cell, and contain chloroplasts.

A

guard cells

28
Q

Regulate gas exchange between leaf interior and atmosphere

Regulate evaporation of water

A

stomata

29
Q

Regulate gas exchange between leaf interior and atmosphere

Regulate evaporation of water

A

stomata

30
Q

Most photosynthesis takes place in the

A

mesophyll

31
Q

Compactly stacked, barrel-shaped parenchyma cells, commonly
in two rows

Contains most of leaf’s chloroplasts

A

Palisade mesophyll

32
Q

Loosely arranged parenchyma cells with abundant air spaces

A

Spongy mesophyll

33
Q

partly collapse under dry conditions.

Causes leaf to fold or roll, reducing transpiration

A

Bulliform cells

34
Q

Consist of xylem and phloem tissues surrounded by
bundle sheath of thicker-walled parenchyma

A

Veins (vascular bundles)

35
Q

have limited availability of water, wide
temperature ranges, and high light intensities.

A

Arid regions

36
Q

Less xylem and phloem

Mesophyll not differentiated into palisade and spongy
layers.

Large air spaces

A

Leaves of Aquatic Areas

37
Q

Modified leaves that curl
around more rigid objects,
helping the plant to climb
or to support weak stems

A

Tendrils

38
Q

Modified leaves that reduce leaf
surface and water loss and
protect from herbivory.

A

Spines

39
Q

Leaf tissue replaced with
sclerenchyma.

Photosynthesis occurs in stems

A

Cacti

40
Q

Modified stems arising in the
axils of leaves of woody
plants

A

Thorns

41
Q

Outgrowths from epidermis
or cortex

A

Prickles

42
Q

are
modified for water storage.

Have parenchyma cells with
large vacuoles

Many desert plants

A

Succulent leaves

43
Q

store
carbohydrates.

Onions, lily

A

Fleshy leaves

44
Q

Leaves develop into urn-like
pouches that become home of ant
colonies.

A

Flower-pot leaves

45
Q

Leaves buried in ground, except
for exposed end.

A

Window leaves

46
Q
  • New
    plants at leaf tips
A

Walking fern

47
Q

Tiny plantlets
along leaf margins

A

Air plant

48
Q

At bases of flowers or flower stalks

A

Floral Leaves

49
Q

Flowers do not have petals, instead
brightly colored bracts surround flowers.

Clary’s sage - Colorful bracts are at top of flowering
stalks above flowers.

A

Poinsettia -

50
Q

Grow in swampy areas and bogs

Nitrogen and other elements are deficient in soil.

Specialized leaves trap and digest insects.

A

Insect-trapping leaves

51
Q

Insects trapped
and digested
inside
cone-shaped
leaves.

A

Pitcher Plant

52
Q

Have round to oval
leaves covered with
glandular hairs that have
a sticky fluid of
digestive enzymes at tip

A

Sundews

53
Q

Only in North
Carolina and
South Carolina

Blade halves trap
insects.

A

Venus Flytrap

54
Q

Submerged or
floating in shallow
water

Tiny bladders on
leaves have trap
doors that trap
insects inside
bladders.

A

Bladderwort

55
Q

may also be present in the vacuole.

A

Water soluble anthocyanins (red or blue) and
betacyanins

56
Q

drop leaves seasonally.

A

Deciduous plants

57
Q

Cells coated and impregnated
with suberin.

A

Protective layer

58
Q

Pectins in middle lamella of
cells are broken down by
enzymes.

A

Separation layer

Botany (8 decks)

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