lec 1- history of cell biology Flashcards
(35 cards)
who invented the microscope and in what year?
Zacharias Janssen, together with his father in 1595 when making glasses
what did the first microscope have?
multiple lenses attached to a sliding tube and had a magnification of 9x
who invented a microscope that can magnify 50x in 1655?
Robert Hooke
what did Robert Hooke describe for the first time?
cells from a cork sample
who invented the microscope that can magnify 230x?
Antonio Von Leeuwenhoek, it wasn’t a compound microscope cause it used only one lens
what did Robert Brown describe in 1831-1833?
the cell nucleus using orchid cells
what are the three tenets of cell theory?
1) all living organisms are composed of one or more cells
2) the cell is the basic unit of structure and organization in all organisms
3) cells arise from preexisting cells
which two people came up with the cell theory?
Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann
what did Robert Remak discover and who stole the credit?
-found a way to harden and stain cells
-found the cell membrane
-discovered cell division
-stated cells come from preexisting cells
-Rudolf Virchow, stole the idea and was credited for contribution in the cell theory
who discovered the mitochondria in 1857?
Albert Von Kolliker, saw granules in muscle cells
what did Richard Altmann in 1886 call the granules after using dyes on them?
bioblasts
who coined the term “mitochondria” in 1898?
Carl Benda
who discovered the Golgi Apparatus in 1898?
Camillio Golgi
what troubles did Golgi have?
-financial problems
-had to start a lab in his kitchen
what did Golgi invent and what else did he discover?
-the staining technique called the “dark reaction
-found the network in the cells called the “internal reticular apparatus”
what did Golgi get the nobel prize for?
for the dark reaction
how is the dark reaction staining done?
- fix the sample with formaldehyde
- put the sample in silver nitrate for 2 days
- cut tissue sections
- dehydrate the sample using ethanol
- mount coverslip
- look on microscope
- microcrystallization of silver chromate in the cell
what lead to the creation of the neuron theory?
fine tuning the dark reaction with gold instead to get finer details
who coined the term neuron and who came up with the neuron theory?
-term coined by Heinrich Wilhelm
-theory made by Santiago Cajal (godfather of neural science)
which company patented the electron microscope and which two people made the electron microscope?
-Siemens company patented it because Rudenberg (a member of the company) wanted to see the polio virus that infected his son
-Ruska and Knoll made the first electron microscope
how much better was the electron microscope compared to the light microscope?
-light microscope had a magnification of 100x and a resolution of 200nm
-electron microscope have a 12,000 mag and 50nm
who made the first cell line in 1952? what cells did he use?
George Otto Gey, used Henrietta Lacks cervical cancer cells (HeLa, no consent)
what is the backstory behind the first cell line?
-Henrietta Lacks was in the hospital for cervical cancer
-a tissue sample was removed from her and sent to Dr. Gey
-he tried to make the cell line but failed after a few tries
-Mary Kibicek put the tissue sample in a roller tube and they grew well
how did we get the first cell line?
because the tissue was cancerous, grew fast, and grew generation after generation
