Lec 15: Cheat sheet Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the two bones that make up the shoulder girdle?
Scapula and clavicle.
What is the only bony link between the shoulder girdle and axial skeleton?
Clavicle’s articulation with the sternum (at the manubrium).
Name key bony landmarks of the shoulder girdle.
Manubrium, clavicle, coracoid process, acromion process, glenoid fossa, lateral border, medial border, inferior angle, superior angle, spine of the scapula.
What are the three joints of the shoulder girdle?
Sternoclavicular (SC), Acromioclavicular (AC), Scapulothoracic (not a true synovial joint).
What type of joint is the Sternoclavicular (SC)?
Multiaxial arthrodial (gliding) joint.
What type of joint is the Acromioclavicular (AC)?
Arthrodial (gliding) joint.
What is the classification of the Scapulothoracic joint?
Functional joint (not synovial; no capsule or ligament support).
Which joint allows the most ROM and why?
Scapulothoracic joint — because it allows for 25° abduction-adduction, 60° upward-downward rotation, and 55° elevation-depression, and it depends on motion from both SC and AC joints.
What are the movements in the transverse plane?
Abduction (Protraction): Scapula moves laterally away from the spine
Adduction (Retraction): Scapula moves medially toward the spine.
What are the movements in the frontal plane?
Elevation: Superior movement of scapula (e.g., shrugging)
Depression: Inferior movement of scapula (e.g., returning from shrug).
What are the rotational movements of the scapula?
Upward Rotation: Inferior angle moves superolaterally; glenoid fossa faces upward
Downward Rotation: Inferior angle returns inferomedially; glenoid fossa returns to neutral.
What is an open chain movement of the shoulder girdle?
Arm is not fixed (e.g., raising your hand, lateral raises). Segment moved = shoulder girdle.
What is a closed chain movement of the shoulder girdle?
Arm is fixed (e.g., push-ups, pull-ups). Segment moved = trunk.
What are the 5 primary shoulder girdle muscles and their group?
Trapezius (Upper, Middle, Lower) – Posterior
Levator Scapulae – Posterior
Rhomboids (Major & Minor) – Posterior
Serratus Anterior – Lateral
Pectoralis Minor – Anterior.
What does the Upper Trapezius do?
Elevation and upward rotation.
What does the Middle Trapezius do?
Elevation, adduction (retraction), upward rotation.
What does the Lower Trapezius do?
Depression, adduction (retraction), upward rotation.
What does the Levator Scapulae do?
Elevates the medial margin of scapula.
What do the Rhomboids do?
Adduction, downward rotation, slight elevation.
What does the Serratus Anterior do?
Abduction (protraction), upward rotation.
What does the Pectoralis Minor do?
Abduction, downward rotation, depression.
What does the Subclavius do?
Depresses and stabilizes the SC joint.
