Lec 16(cheat sheet) Flashcards
(24 cards)
Why does the shoulder joint have increased ROM?
Because of the shallowness of the glenoid fossa, ligament laxity, and multiaxial ball-and-socket structure.
What shoulder girdle movement pairs with shoulder joint abduction?
Upward rotation and elevation.
What shoulder girdle movement pairs with shoulder joint adduction?
Downward rotation and depression.
What shoulder girdle movement pairs with shoulder joint flexion?
Elevation and upward rotation.
What shoulder girdle movement pairs with shoulder joint extension?
Depression and downward rotation.
What shoulder girdle movement pairs with internal rotation?
Abduction (protraction).
What shoulder girdle movement pairs with external rotation?
Adduction (retraction).
What shoulder girdle movement pairs with horizontal abduction?
Adduction (retraction).
What shoulder girdle movement pairs with horizontal adduction?
Abduction (protraction).
What is the name of the shoulder joint?
Glenohumeral joint.
What is the function of the glenoid labrum?
Slightly enhances stability by deepening the glenoid cavity.
What are the main motions of the shoulder joint (excluding diagonals)?
Abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, horizontal abduction, horizontal adduction.
What muscles make up the rotator cuff?
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis.
What is the function of the rotator cuff?
Stabilizes the humeral head in the glenoid fossa during movement.
What does the supraspinatus do?
Abduction and stabilization of the humeral head.
What does the infraspinatus do?
External rotation, horizontal abduction, extension, and stabilization.
What does the teres minor do?
External rotation, horizontal abduction, extension, and stabilization.
What does the subscapularis do?
Internal rotation, adduction, extension, and stabilization.
What is a shoulder dislocation?
Separation of the humeral head from the glenoid fossa.
What is the most common type of shoulder dislocation and why?
Anterior or anteroinferior, due to the anatomical design and weaker anterior structures.
What are the actions of the upper fibers of pectoralis major?
Internal rotation, horizontal adduction, flexion, and abduction (above 90°), adduction (below 90°).
What are the actions of the lower fibers of pectoralis major?
Internal rotation, horizontal adduction, extension, and adduction.
What is an open chain movement at the shoulder?
Movement where the hand is not fixed; distal segment (arm) moves (e.g., lateral raises).
What is a closed chain movement at the shoulder?
Movement where the hand is fixed; proximal segment (shoulder girdle) moves (e.g., push-up or pull-up).
