Lec 2

Question 1

Pharmacokinetics of LA is

Answer 1

Uptake
Distribution
Metabolism(biotransformation)
Excretion

Question 2

All la possess some degree of

Answer 2

All la possess some degree of
Vasoactivity

Question 3

Ester local anesthetics are potent ___ drugs

Answer 3

Vasodilating

Question 4

The most potent vasodilator

Answer 4

Procaine

Question 5

The only anesthetic that consistently produce vasoconstriction

Answer 5

Cocaine

Question 6

Vasodilation leads to increase in ?

Answer 6

Increase rate of absorption of la in blood
Decreasing duration and depth of anesthesia
Increase chance of overdose

Question 7

Routes for administration of la

Answer 7

Oral route
Topical route
Injection

Question 8

Reason for all la absorbed properly?

Answer 8

High first pass metabolism

Question 9

When you apply topical route on intact skin it’s produces

Answer 9

When you apply topical route on intact skin it’s produces
No anesthetic action

Question 10

Emla is

Answer 10

Mixture of local anesthetics lidocaine and prilocaine capable of providing surface anesthetics of intact skin

Question 11

Commonly used route for administration of LA

Answer 11

Injection

Question 12

Uptake of la after parenteral administration depends on

Answer 12

Vascularity of injection site
Vasoactivity of drug

Question 13

Iv time (min)

Answer 13

1

Question 14

Topical time

Answer 14

5

Question 15

Intrammandar-me

Answer 15

5-10

Question 16

Subcutaneous time

Answer 16

30 - 90

Question 17

Brain head liver lungs kidney and spleen have hugh levels of LA due to their

Answer 17

High level of perfusion

Question 18

____ has the highest level bcos it has the largest mass of tissue in body

Answer 18

Skeletal muscle

Question 19

Blood level of LA is influenced by

Answer 19

Rate at which drug is absorbed into CVS
Rate of distribution from the vascular compartment to the tissues
Elimination of drug through metabolic or excretory pathways

Question 20

Elimination half life is the

Answer 20

Rate at which local anesthetic is removed from the blood the time neceassary for 50% reduction in the blood level

Question 21

All las can cross the

Answer 21

Blood brain barrier and placenta( cannot give prilocaine)

Question 22

Metabolism is the mechanism by which

Answer 22

Metabolism is the mechanism by which
The body biologically transforms the active drug into one that is pharmacologically inactive

Question 23

The overall toxicity of a drug depends on a balance between its

Answer 23

Rate of absorption into the blood stream at site of injection and its
Rate of removal from the blood through the processes of tissue uptake and metabolism

Question 24

Ester metabolized in

Answer 24

Plasma

Question 25

Amides metabolized in

Answer 25

Liver

Question 26

Esters la hydrolyzed in plasma by enzyme

Answer 26

Esters la hydrolyzed in plasma by enzyme Pseudocholinesterase

Question 27

Slow hydrolysis means

Answer 27

High toxicity

Question 28

Rate of hydrolysis related to

Answer 28

Rate of hydrolysis related to degree of Toxicity

Question 29

Which is hydrolyzed slowest

Answer 29

Which is hydrolyzed slowest Tetracaine

Question 30

Chloroprocaine rate of hydrolysis

Answer 30

4.7

Question 31

Procaine rate of hydrolysis

Answer 31

1.1

Question 32

Tetracaine rate of hydrolysis

Answer 32

0.3

Question 33

Ester broken into

Answer 33

Paraaminobenzoic acid and Dimethyl amino alcohol

Question 34

Primary site of metabolusm of amide la is

Answer 34

Liver

Question 35

Prilocaine is metabolized in

Answer 35

Liver and lung its a secondary amine

Question 36

Rate of metabolism is greatly affected by

Answer 36

Liver function Hepatic perfusion

Question 37

Relative contraindication to use of amide La

Answer 37

Significant liver dysfunction or heart failure

Question 38

Why does articaine has a shorter half life

Answer 38

A portion of its metablusm occurs in ththe blood by plasma cholinesterase

Question 39

Whats a relative contraindication

Answer 39

Drug in question maybe given to the patient after carefully weighing risks and benefits

Question 40

Whats an absolute contraindication

Answer 40

Under no circumstance shoulf this drug be administered

Question 41

Major excretory organs for both LA

Answer 41

Kidneys

Question 42

Do esters appear in urine

Answer 42

In v small concentrations this is bcos they are almsot hydrolyzed in plasma

Question 43

Procaine(novocaine) appears in urine as

Answer 43

90% paba and 2% unchanged

Question 44

10% of cocaine is found unchanged in urine undergoing dialysis bcos

Answer 44

10% of cocaine is found unchanged in urine undergoing dialysis bcos Unavle to excrete unchanged poryion ot esters or amides Thus increasing toxicity