Lec 23 - ROM & strength Flashcards
(50 cards)
study of motion of bones around an axis is known as:
osteokinematics
Arthrokinematics:
describes
the motion that occurs
between articular surfaces of
the two bones of a joint
what are some terms that describe arthrokinematic movements?
spin, roll and
glide
what are the 3 types of ROM we can test in the clinic?
- active ROM (AROM)
- Passive ROM (PROM)
- active assisted ROM (AAROM)
when would we choose to use active assisted ROM in the clinic?
when they are not able to perform the active movements fully and we want to test how much of an impairment in muscle activity is present.
flexion and extension at the knee joint occurs in the ______ plane.
saggital
abduction and adduction of the hip occurs in the ______ plane
frontal
internal and external rotation occurs in the ______ plane
transverse
what should the goniometer be aligned with when conducting a ROM assessment?
AOR (axis of rotation)
what are the definitions of concave and convex with respect to the human body.
Convex and concave are two words that describe a line or shape, often in joint
surfaces While convex means to bend or protrude outwards, concave is the opposite and means to bend inwards
what are angular movements and provide some examples:
Movements that produce an increase or a decrease in the angle between the adjacent bones.
what are rotational movements and provide some examples:
Movements that generally occur around a longitudinal or vertical axis.
what patient information does assessing ROM provide?
- Willingness to move,
- Level of consciousness,
- Ability to follow instructions, attention span,
- Amount of movement possible at the joint
- Movements that cause or increase pain,
- Muscle strength (if AROM assessed).
T or F: PROM is usually slightly greater than AROM
true, due to the slight elastic stretch of tissues and in some instances due to the decreased bulk of relaxed muscles.
what do you need to do as a clinician before you can perform a ROM assessment?
- Obtain informed consent
- Client positioning – sitting, standing or does the patient need support?
- Clear all contraindications and precautions,
- Explain procedures, risk involved and
precautions that you will undertake
what would be some contraindications for performing PROM or AROM?
if movement could disrupt the healing process or result in injury or deterioration of the condition
* interrupt the healing process immediately after injury or surgery.
* subluxation or dislocation or fracture.
* myositis ossificans (formation of bone tissue inside muscle tissue after an injury) or ectopic ossification (deposition of calcium salts in tissues)
what are 3 important components of a ROM assessment to keep in mind as a clinician?
- visual observation
- palpation
- posture
what are you watching for through visual observation during a ROM assessment?
- the body part being assessed
- facial expression
- symmetry of compensatory motion
- body postues and muscle contour
which fingers should you palpate with?
index and middle finger
what does a goniometer measure?
joint angles
what factors influence our decision on which tools we use to measure joint angles (ex. radiographs, digital images, goniometer, etc.)
- degree of accuracy required,
- the time,
- resources available to the clinician,
- the patient’s comfort and well-being
what are the steps of performing a ROM test in a clinical setting?
1) Expose the area
2) Patient is comfortable, well supported, & movement can occur through full ROM
unrestricted
3) Stay close to the patient
4) Use firm but comfortable grip
5) Stabilize proximal to the joint
6) Place the axis of the goniometer head on the joint axis of rotation
7) Extend the stationary arm of the goniometer along the long axis of the proximal limb segment
8) Extend the moveable arm of the goniometer along the long axis of the distal limb segment
9) Record the starting position,
10) Keep or remove the goniometer,
11) To assess AROM – client moves the distal joint segment(s) through the full ROM,
To assess PROM – Therapist moves the distal joint segment(s) through the full ROM
13) Record measurement (The distance the movable arm moves away from the 0° – start position, on the protractor is recorded as the joint ROM).
14) Return limb to its starting position.
how do you determine a patients “normal” ROM or end feels
by measuring the unaffected limb first
example: the right elbow cannot be extended beyond 10° of elbow flexion due to contracture but can be flexed to 120°. how would you record the ROM
Recorded as right elbow flexion 10°–120°
