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MS 200 > Lec. 6: Bones and Jts of Lower Extremity > Flashcards

Lec. 6: Bones and Jts of Lower Extremity Flashcards

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1
Q

cubonavicular jt is a _____ _____ jt

A

fibrous syndesmosis

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2
Q

all interosseous ligaments are intracapsular but extrasynovial in synovial jts; T or F

A

T

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3
Q

the patellofemoral jt is not considered part of the ___ ___ ___

A

knee jt proper

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4
Q

the ______ jt is the knee jt proper

A

tibiofemoral (TF)

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5
Q

where is the start of the hind FT

A

PROX tibiofibular (TF) jt

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6
Q

a partial dislocation of a jt. It occurs when a bone is pushed or pulled out of place, but the bones in the jt still touch

A

subluxation

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7
Q

which jt is like a mortise and tenon

A

talocrural jt

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8
Q

Art. surfaces, jt class., and mvts of patellofemoral jt

A

Art. surfaces: MED and LAT facets of POST patella, odd facet of patella, and patellar surface of DIST femur

jt class.: nonaxial modified plane synovial (modified b/c patella is a sesamoid bone)

mvts:

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9
Q

where is the odd facet located?

A

MED to the MED facet on the POST aspect of the patella

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10
Q

the odd facet of the PF jt is only an articular surface during what

A

full knee FLEX

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11
Q

the intercondylar area of the tibia is the origin of which two ligs

A

anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
posterior cruciate lig (PCL)

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12
Q

what articulates with the femoral condyles

A

SUP articular surfaces of tibia (tibial plateau)

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13
Q

tibial landmark that’s on the POST aspect of the MED condyle

A

groove for semimembranosus

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14
Q

landmark of tibia thats DIST to LAT condyle

A

facet for fib HD

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15
Q

insertion for IT band

A

Gerdy’s tubercle

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16
Q

tibial landmark that’s located anteriorly, extends from LAT condyle inferomedially to tib tube

A

oblique line

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17
Q

DIST and LAT tibia, articulates w/ DIST fibula

A

fibular notch

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18
Q

which two tendons run through the groove on the medial aspect of the POST tibia

A

tibialis POST and FDL

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19
Q

flexor hallucis longus tendon runs _____ to groove for tibialis POST and flexor digitorum longus (on tibia)

A

LAT

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20
Q

another word for the apex of the fibula

A

styloid process

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21
Q

another name for the MED surface of DIST fibula, it articulates with talus

A

malleolar articular surface

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22
Q

inferomedial surface of talus that articulates with sustentaculum tali

A

sulcus tali

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23
Q

surface of talus that articulates with tibia

A

trochlea/dome

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24
Q

the talus articulates with the _____ but the calcaneus doesnt

A

navicular

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25
where is the groove for the tendon of flexor hallucis longus
POST talus b/w the MED and LAT tubercles
26
is the MED or LAT tuberosity of the calcaneus weight bearing
MED
27
art. surfaces of calcaneus
-ANT, middle, and POST talus -cuboid
28
INF to which calcaneal structure is there a groove for flexor hallucis longus
sustentaculum tali
29
there’s a groove for which tendon on the LAT side of calcaneus INF to the fibular tubercle (trochlea)
fibularis longus
30
navicular articulates with which bones
talus, cuboid, all cuneiforms
31
cuboid has a groove INF to tuberosity for which tendon
fibularis longus
32
art. surfaces, class., and mvts of patellofemoral jt
art. surfaces: POST patella, patellar surface of DIST femur class.: nonaxial modified plane synovial mvts: gliding
33
ligs and feats of patellofemoral jt (3)
- capsule: encloses PF and TF jts, lax SUP for knee FLEX, deficient at LAT condyle for tendon of popliteus to pass out of jt, patella and patellar tendon act as capsule anteriorly - patellar ligament/tendon: apex of patella to tib tube - patellar retinaculum: aponeurotic extensions of vastus med and lat and overlying fascia
34
art. surfaces, class., and mvts of TF jt
art. surfaces: MED and LAT tibial plateaus (menisci), MED and LAT femoral condyles class.: uniaxial modified hinge synovial mvts: FLEX/EXT, MED/LAT ROT - mechanical axis
35
ligs of TF jt (11)
capsule: shared with PF medial collateral lig (MCL): inner fibers blend w/ MED meniscus, POST MED fibers blend w/ capsule LAT collateral lig (LCL): stronger than MCL, does not attach the menisci or capsule ANT cruciate lig (ACL): limits hyperext, intracapsular and extrasynovial POST cruciate lig (PCL): primary stabilizer at 90 degree knee FLEX, intracapsular and extrasynovial -oblique popliteal lig: tendinous expansion of semimembranosus -arcuate popliteal lig: aspect of capsule that passes over popliteus to fibular HD -coronary ligs: hold menisci to tibial plateaus -patellomeniscal lig: hold menisci to POST patella transverse lig: holds two menisci together meniscofemoral lig: secures LAT meniscus to PCL and MED femoral condyle
36
feats of MED and LAT menisci of knee
MED: C-shaped, more commonly injured than LAT meniscus LAT: O-shaped, smaller and move moveable than MED, posterior meniscofemoral ligament joins LAT meniscus to the PCL and MED femoral condyle
37
the external margins of menisci of knee blend with the ____ ____
joint capsule
38
four bursae of knee that communicate w/ the synovial cavity (SPAM)
suprapatellar, popliteus, anserine, medial subtendinous bursa of gastrocnemius
39
four bursae of knee that do not communicate w/ synovial cavity
semimembranosus, subcutaneous prepatellar, subcutaneous infrapatellar, deep infrapatellar
40
hindfoot goes from the _____ jt to the ____ jt
PROX tibiofibular, subtalar/talocalcaneal
41
art. surfaces, class.,mvts, and ligs of PROX tibiofibular jt
art. surfaces: MED aspect of fib HD, LAT tibial condyle class.: nonaxial plane synovial mvts: sm gliding motion w/ ankle mvts; limited ROM ligs: capsule, lig of fibular HD - limits ANT/POST translation of fib HD
42
art. surfaces, class., mvts, and ligs of intermediate tibiofibular jt
art. surfaces: adjacent interosseous borders of tib and fib class.: fibrous syndesmosis, amphiarthrotic mvts: minimum vertical fibula translation w/ ankle mvts ligs: interosseous membrane- two hiatuses at PROX and DIST ends
43
art. surfaces, class., mvts, and ligs of DIST tibiofibular jt
art. surfaces: MED aspect of DIST fibula and LAT aspect of DIST tib class.: fibrous syndesmosis, amphiarthrodial mvts: minimal amount of jt separation (1-2 mm) w/ dorsiflex ligs: tibiofibular lig- ANT and POST bands limits ANT and POST translation of talus, tibiofibular/crural interosseous lig - very strong and limits distraction of fib from tib
44
art. surfaces, class., and mvts of talocrural jt
art. surfaces: trochlea (dome) of talus, malleolar and INF articular facets of tib, malleolar art. facet of fib, and deepest more INF fibers of POST band of the tibiofibular lig class.: uniaxial hinge synovial mvts: dorsi/plantarflexion
45
ligs of talocrural jt
ligs: - capsule: weak ANT and POST for dorsi/plantarflexion - MED collateral/deltoid lig: four bands, limits eversion - LAT collateral: 3 bands, all limit inversion - Ankle retinacula: anchor extrinsic tendons to minimize compression during ankle motion
46
which of the LAT collateral ligs of the talocrural jt are most commonly injured in ankle sprains
1. ANT talofibular lig 2. calcaneofibular lig
47
bursae of talocrural jt (4)
-MED and LAT malleolar subcutaneous -subcutaneous and subtendinous calcaneal
48
art. surfaces, class., and mvts subtalar
art. surfaces: concave POST calcaneal articular facet of talus, convex POST talar articular surface of calcaneus class.: uniaxial plane synovial mvts: PRON'N/SUP'N
49
____ is a state of relative mobility; foot is in a good position for shock absorption. ___ is a state of relative rigidity; foot is in this position for toe-off
PRON'N, SUP'N
50
ligs of subtalar jt
- capsule: POST articulation b/w calcaneus and talus has its own capsule - talocalcaneal ligs (3): stabilize subtalar sj - interosseous talocalcaneal lig
51
the transverse tarsal jt is subdivided into the ___ jt and the ___ jt
talocalcaneonavicular, calcaneocuboid
52
the talocalcaneonavicular (TCN) jt divided into what 2 jts
talocalcaneal and talonavicular
53
art. surfaces, and class. of talocalcaneal jt
Art. surfaces: - Middle articulation: convex middle facet for calcaneus of talus, concave middle talar articular surface of calcaneus - ANT articulation: convex ANT facet for calcaneus, concave ANT talar articular surface of calcaneus Class.: uniaxial plane synovial
54
art. surfaces, and class., and mvts of talonavicular jt
art. surface: convex talar HD articulates w/ concave PROX navicular class.: multiaxial ball and socket synovial mvts: PRON'N/ SUP'N
55
where does the talar motion occur during SUP'N and PRON'N
talocalcaneal and talonavicular jts
56
ligs of the talonavicular (4)
-capsule -plantar calcaneonavicular (spring) lig: supports talus and therefore the MED longitudinal arch -dorsal talonavicular lig: prevents SUP mvt of either bone - bifurcate (calcaneonavicular) lig: checks MED displacement of navicular
57
art. surfaces, class., mvt of CC jt
art. surfaces: DIST calc, PROX cuboid class.: biaxial saddle synovial mvt: PRON'N/SUP'N
58
ligs of CC jt (5)
-capsule -bifurcate lig: limits MED displacement of cuboid -plantar calcaneocuboid (short plantar) lig: helps maintain longitudinal arches -dorsal calcaneocuboid lig: limit dorsal translation of cuboid or calcaneus -long plantar lig: helps maintain longitudinal arches
59
art. surfaces, class., and mvts of tarsal joints
art. surfaces: adj surfaces of apposing bones class.: - cuneonavicular, intercuneiform, and cuneocuboid jts are nonaxial plane synovial; diarthrodial - cubonavicular jt is fibrous syndesmosis; amphiarthrodial mvts: slight gliding and ROT
60
ligs of the tarsal jts (3)
-capsule: cuneonavicular, cuneocuboid, and intercuneiform have continuous capsule - interosseous ligs - dorsal and plantar ligs: limit jt distraction and support arch
61
art. surfaces, class., and mvts of tarsometatarsal and intermetatarsal jts
art. surfaces: -TMT: - base of 1st w/ MED cuneiform - base of 2nd w/ middle cuneiform mainly, also MED and LAT cuneiform - base of 3rd w/ LAT cuneiform - base of 4th and 5th w/ cuboid -IMT: bases of adj MTs class.: nonaxial plane synovial mvts: slight gliding
62
ligs of TMT and IMT jts (3)
-capsule: 1st TMT has its own, the rest share -dorsal and plantar ligs -interosseous ligs
63
art. surfaces, class., and mvts of MTP jts
art. surfaces: heads of MT and bases of PROX phalanges class.: biaxial condyloid synovial mvts: ABD/ADD, FLEX/EXT
64
ligs of MTP jts (4)
-capsule: fibrous capsule encloses each jt -deep transverse MT lig: limit distraction of neighbouring MTs -LAT and MED collaterals: limit varus and valgus -plantar lig/plate: analogous to the volar plate in H; limit EXT and prevent impingement of flexor tendons
65
art. surfaces, class., mvts, and ligs of IP jts
art. surfaces: HDs of PROX phalanx and bases of DIST phalanx class.: uniaxial hinge synovial mvts: FLEX/EXT ligs: capsule- fibrous capsule encloses each jt, LAT and MED collaterals, plantar lig/plate
66

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