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. 2024 > lec 6 cardio > Flashcards

lec 6 cardio Flashcards

(66 cards)

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1
Q

heart has # muscular pumps, what are they?

A

2
left and right
each contain an atrium and ventricle

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2
Q

the cardiovascular system pumps ___ liters of blood a day

A

7000

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3
Q

systenatic heart circuit overview.

A

Left atrium > high pressure systemic arteries > capillaries > blood collects in the capillary beds then in the > low pressure veins > right atrium> right ventricle>

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4
Q

___ pump supplies the pulmonary circuit

A

right (right atrium and ventricle)

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5
Q

pulomary blood system overview.

A

right atrium > right ventricle > lungs > left atrium > left ventricle

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6
Q

Blood volume ratio ( in percentages) :

___pulmonary circuit to ____ systemic circuit to ____ inside the heart

A

%

9 : 84 : 7

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7
Q

___ of the blood in the systemic circuit resides in the __

A

3/4

systemic veins

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8
Q

Even when the heart ejects blood there is always around ___ % of the total blood volume in it

A

7

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9
Q

typical total volume of blood in the body of an average person ?

A

5 L

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10
Q

output of one pump = __ liters per __ at rest

A

5 minute

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11
Q

when exercising the out put of the pump increases by __ times that of the resting output

A

4

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12
Q

Resistance through the systemic circuit?

A

high therfore left ventricle = high pressure

high resistance = more pressure in left ventricle > has to pump harder

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13
Q

pulmonary circuit vs systemic circuit reistance comparison

A 
pul = median resistance
syste = high resistance
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14
Q

pulmonary circuit pressure?

A

median resistance > median pressure in the ??

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15
Q

Lungs ___ blood

A

oxygenate blood

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16
Q

whats route/ system oxygenated blood takes (starting from the lungs) ?

A

oxygenated blood > (via pulmonary veins)
> left atrium
>left ventricle>(pumps the blood under high pressure)
>arteries
>systemic veins> (as it flows through capillaries, due to conc diff, oxygen give up to cells and co2 + other things absorbed
>

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17
Q

bicuscpid =

A

mitral valve

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18
Q

_cuspid = mitral

A

bi

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19
Q

right valve

A

mitral

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20
Q

auricle

A

increases capacity of the atrium

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21
Q

valves made

A

fibrous connective tissue

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22
Q

valves crossection flps ____ring

A

fibrous

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23
Q

valves cross-sectional ring made of

A

fibrous ct

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24
Q

Arteries high or low pressure

A

High

Take blood from heart to the rest of the body

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25
Capillary beds are found in ___
Organs Eg Brain Limbs
26
Veins high or low pressure
Low | Collects deoxygenated blood from the body and transports them to the right atrium
27
Pulmonary circuit overview
Right ventricle > pulmonary arteries > lungs > pulmonary veins > left atrium
28
Which is bigger pulmonary or systemic circuit
Systemic
29
What drives blood
High pressure
30
``` Which system has : medium resistance High resistance High pressure Medium pressure ```
Pulmonary Systemic Systemic Pulmonary
31
Pulmonary veinscontain .... blood
Oxygenated
32
Carbon dioxide | Waste products etc. collected in the ?
Venous system
33
Capillaries are high/low resistance
High
34
Hepatic Portal veins carry whAt from where to where
Deoxygenated blood | Gut to liver
35
Hepatic artery function | From where to where
Provide oxygenated blood from left ventricle to liver
36
Which organ(s) have a dual blood supply and from where?
Liver 1) gut to liver - deoxygenated (hepatic portal vein) 2) left ventricle to liver - oxygenated blood ( hepatic arteries)
37
The hepatic portal vein goes to the
Liver
38
In which phase does the blood move into the lower pressure chamber.
Filling phase
39
Vol in chamber increases = pressure ...... therefore blood moves
Decreases | Into the chamber to compensate for the loss of pressure
40
What stops the blood from going out of the artery and backflow of blood into the chamber
Outlet valve
41
filling phase is ___ as it relies on the ___ | relaxing outwards
passive | elastic recoil of the chamber
42
pressure in the vein outside the ventricle is higher than the pressure in the ventricle when it is in the ____ phase
filling (relaxed)
43
when ventricle contacts, volume ____ and pressure
decreases | increases
44
when the ventricle contracts the blood will want to go into the ___ becuase it is ___ hence why there are ___ to prevent ___ This results in ____ phase where the ____ valves get pushed up against the ___
``` veins and arteries low pressure inlet valves blood from going back to the veins ejection arterial walls of the artery ```
45
valves are ___ stuctures
passive
46
A chamber requires # things what are they?
3 a chamber that can change its volume inlet valve - to make sure the blood is ejected correctly in the right direction outlet valve - to prevent the back flow of blood into veins
47
ejection phase is ____
active as energy is required for contraction
48
What determines how efficient the pump is ?
how fast the venticle fills- filling hard since filling from low to high pressure how fast the blood can get ejected- uses energy to force blood out
49
the ____ aka (____) allows blood to pull outside the inlet valve so that when the ____ is ____ the blood can easily enter the chamber
atrium receiving chamber ventricle relaxed
50
inlet and outlet valves on the same side of the ventricle _____ of the pump since there are more _____ to ____
increases efficiency muscular walls pump the blood out
51
appendage of atrium (____) is an ____ of the ____
auricle extension atrium
52
inlet valves are located___
in between the atria and ventricles
53
outlet valves located ____
between ventricle and arteries
54
no valves between veins and ___ therefore ___ is/are not very effective at ____
atria atria pumping blood
55
____ will top up the ventricles
atria
56
interventricular sulcus is ___ filled and is located ___
fat | between the left and right ventricles
57
how many interventricular sulci and septums do we have
sulci = 2 (anterior and posterior) | 1 interventricular septum
58
right atrium ejects blood into ____ via ____
pulmonary trunk via pulmonary artery
59
pulmonary ____ divides into # ____ called ___ that go on to ___ the ____
``` trunk 2 arteries left and right pulmonary arteries supply lungs ```
60
``` peak/max pressures of adolescents right ventricle left ventricle right atrium left atrium ```
27 mmHg 120 mmHg 5 mmHg 8mmHg
61
peak pressure of ___ atrium higher than that of the ___ atrium due to ??
left right lower resistance of the pulmonary circuit of the right atr
62
vena cava def
big cave
63
___ don't have inlet valves
atria
64
inlet valves aka ____ are made up of ___ (be specific)
ventricular inlet valves (go into ventricle) 2 or 3 flat flaps of fibrous connective tissue The free edge of the flap is tethered by tendinious cords which prevent it from bursting upwards into the atrium during systole.
65
what prevents the flap of inlet valves from bursting upwards into the atrium during ___
systole | tendinious chords
66
What are the ventricular inlet valves called and location?
bicuspid (mitral valve) - left ventricle opening | tricuspid valve - right ventricle opening

. 2024 (19 decks)

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