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MT 6326 > [LEC] UNIT 1 - INTRO TO SI (HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE) (Taylor's Version) > Flashcards

[LEC] UNIT 1 - INTRO TO SI (HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE) (Taylor's Version) Flashcards

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1
Q

Resistance to disease (infectious disease)

A

Immunology

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2
Q

origin of the word immunity

A

Immunis

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3
Q

T or F: Originally, immunis is the freedom from rendering service to the Roman state

A

T

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4
Q

T or F: Branch of biology that covers the study of immune systems in all organisms

A

T

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5
Q

T or F: Study of molecules, organs, systems
responsible for the recognition and disposal of antibodies

A

F

of foreign material

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6
Q

T or F: Immunology deals with desirable and undesirable consequences of immune interactions

A

T

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7
Q

________ can enhance the
functions of the immune cells or the system
itself, allowing the immune system to be manipulated

A

Immunomodulators

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8
Q

Scientific study of serum and other body fluids

A

Serology

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9
Q

T or F: Serum contains both antigens and antibodies

A

T (complements that serve as antigens)

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10
Q

Subdiscipline of immunology focusing on the study
of components in the serum

A

Serology

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11
Q

We can find antigens in the serum because
_________ ______ can play as antigens in
diagnostic procedures

A

complement proteins

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12
Q

example of antigen detection test

A

assays of complement proteins

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13
Q

In serology, the presence of _________ ________ are demonstrated in vitro

A

antigen-antibody interactions

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14
Q

Period when the devastating defects of diseases were recorded

A

2000 BC

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15
Q

He recorded that individuals who had
previously contracted the plague recovered

A

Thucydides

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16
Q

Thucydides recognized the _______ ______ of individuals

A

immune status

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17
Q

practiced a form of immunization by inhaling dried powders derived from smallpox lesions

A

Chinese

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18
Q

a form of immunization by inhaling dried powders derived from smallpox lesions

A

variolation

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19
Q

Crude clinical practices developed by Arabs and Chinese (4)

A
  1. Pulverized dried crust blown into nostrils
  2. Dried crusts embedded onto skin
  3. Stored cotton pledgets rubbed
  4. Thread with pustular fluid
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20
Q

She was the wife of the British ambassador to
Constantinople

A

Lady Mary Wortley Montagu

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21
Q

How many children did Lady Mary Wortley Montagu have?

A

2

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22
Q

Developed smallpox vaccine

A

Edward Jenner

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23
Q

Patient of Edward Jenner

A

James Phipps

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24
Q

Jenner got the concept from _________
commonly affected by cowpox

A

milkmaids

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25
Demonstrated cross immunity
Edward Jenner
26
Developed phagocytosis
Haeckel
27
T or F: Edward Jenner is the Father of Immunology
F Louis Pasteur
28
Developed live attenuated, chicken cholera and anthrax vaccine
Louis Pasteur
29
Means by which the pathogen is made less virulent
Attenuation
30
1885 was the year of the first report of live “attenuated” vaccine for _______
rabies
31
Proponent of Cellular theory of immunity through phagocytosis
Élie Metchnikof
32
Proponent of Humoral theory of immunity
Emil Von Behring and Shibasaburo Kitasato
33
T or F: Behring was the student of Kitasato
F baliktad
34
Behring and Kitasato developed immune factors against toxins produced by ________
diphtheria
35
Demonstrated cutaneous (delayed-type) hypersensitivity
Robert Koch
36
Proponent of Antibody formation theory
Paul Ehrlich
37
T or F: Antigens were previously coined as Side Chain Radicals
F Antibodies
38
Side Chain Radicals are also known as
Haptophores
39
Antigen - epitope ; Antibody - _______
paratope
40
Discovered Immediate-hypersensitivity Anaphylaxis
Paul Portier and Charles Richet
41
Discovered Arthus reaction of intermediate hypersensitivity
Nicolas Maurice Arthus
42
Other names for Arthus reaction of intermediate hypersensitivity
Type III hypersensitivity Immune complex hypersensitivity
43
Hypothesis of antigen-antibody binding
John Marrack
44
Proponent of Template theory
Haurowitz
45
states that antibodies are formed based on a template
Template Theory
46
Hypothesis of allograft rejection
Peter Medawar
47
Discovered acquired Immune Tolerance
Peter Medawar
48
T or F: Tolerance is the absence of antigen
F absence of reaction is the presence of antigen
49
Developed oral polio vaccine
Sabin
50
T or F: Salk developed intravenous polio vaccine
F Intramuscular
51
Developed vaccine against yellow fever
Walt Reed and Max Theiler
52
genus of yellow fever
flaviviridae
53
Graft-versus-Host reaction
Dick W. Van Bekkum
54
Graft-versus-Host reaction uses the concept of
tolerance transplantation
55
Clonal Selection Theory
Frank Macfarlane Burnet
56
First successful organ transplant was done by
E. Donnall Thomas
57
Thomas won a Nobel Prize Award in year _____
1990
58
Organ used in the 1st successful organ transplant
Bone marrow
59
The transplant by Thomas remained for a long time because he made use of
immunosuppressive agents
60
Discovered Interferons (viral interference)
Alick Isaacs and Jean Lindemann
61
T or F: Interferons are soluble factors
T
62
Discovered the histocompatibility antigens in leukocytes
Jean Dausset
63
Discovered Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLAs)
Jean Dausset
64
Pioneered the study of Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHCs)
Baruj Benacerraf
65
Discovered immunonogenetics
George Davis Snell
66
T cell and B cell cooperation immune cooperation
Henry Claman
67
Identification of antibody molecule
Rodney Porter and Gerald Edelman
68
They developed the first monoclonal antibodies
George Kohler and Cesar Milstein
69
First monoclonal antibodies were developed through
Hybridoma Technology
70
Identification of genes for T cell receptor
James P. Allison
71
T or F: Unlike B cells that recognize antigens through antibodies, t-cells recognize pathogens through the t-cell receptor (TCR)
T
72
Developed Monoclonal hepatitis B vaccine
Pablo DT Valenzuela
73
Th1 versus Th2 model of T helper cell function
Mossman
74
Identification Toll-like receptor
Jules Hoffman and Bruce Beutler
75
Toll-like receptors are used by these cells so that they can recognize foreign agents.
dendritic cells, monocytes, and neutrophils
76
the gene directing regulatory T-cell development
FOXP3
77
Developed FOXP3 gene
Ramsdell and colleagues
78
Developed human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine
Ian Frazer
79
HPV vaccine is a form of protection against
cervical cancer

MT 6326 (3 decks)

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