Lecture 01_Spring Flashcards
(43 cards)
Name 2 non selective Alpha receptor antagonists.
Phentolamine and Phenoxybenzamine
T or F A2 receptor blockade leads to tachycardia
True. It eliminates negative feedback which leads to more NE release.
Phentolamine and Phenoxybenzamine are almost exclusively for the mgmt of what?
pheochromocytomas
What are the cholinomimetic side effects associated with alpha agonists?
hyperperistalsis, abdominal pain, and diarrhea
What can be used to treat the cholinomimetic side effects associated with alpha agonists?
atropine/ glycopyrrolate
What are the main side effects associated with the non specific B antagonist Propranolol (Inderal)?
Side effects = bronchospasm, CHF
What type of beta blocker should be used in pts w/ reactive airway disease?
B1 selective antagonist
Which anti-hypertensive is a mixed adrenergic antagonist (A1 B1 and B2)?
Labetalol
____ is an ultra short acting B1 selective antagonist.
Esmolol (BreviBloc)
Is the following a mixed, non-selective Beta, B1 selective adrenergic antagonist?
Atenolol
B1 selective antagonist
Is the following a mixed, non-selective Beta, B1 selective adrenergic antagonist?
Carvedilol.
B1 selective antagonist
Is the following a mixed, non-selective Beta, B1 selective adrenergic antagonist?
Metoprolol
B1 selective antagonist
____ is the common drug of choice for intraop HTN because decreases PVR and renin, and causes some decrease in HR.
Labetalol
This adrenergic antagonist’s short duration of action is due to its rapid redistribution (2 min) and ester hydrolysis (9 min).
Esmolol (BreviBloc)
T or F. Labetalol causes reflex tachycardia.
False. It is a mixed antagonist with alpha and beta receptor antagonism.
___ is a good choice for preventing tachycardia and hypertension during intubation and emergence.
Esmolol
What are 3 side effects associated with alpha-1 receptor blockade?
Side effects: hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, tachycardia
How does an alpha-2 receptor blockade work and what does it cause?
A2-receptor blockade -> eliminates negative feedback -> more NE release -> tachycardia
Unopposed stimulation of beta receptors may lead to _____.
HYPOTENSION
What is Clonidine?
Clonidine: centrally-acting 2-agonist that decreases CNS sympathetic output at pre-synaptic 2 receptors
Which antihypertensive agent directly causes vascular smooth muscle relaxation?
Hydralazine
Which class of antihypertensive drugs is the first-line therapy for systemic hypertension and CHF?
ACE Inhibitors
Which class of antihypertensive drugs cause hyperkalemia
ACE Inhibitors and ARBs
Which antihypertensive agent causes direct venous and arterial vasodilation, Reflex tachycardia, and breaks down in light?
Sodium Nitroprusside (SNP)