Lecture 02: Hypertension and Drug Targets Flashcards
(13 cards)
what is a clinical stage 1 hypertension ?
140/90 to 159/99
what is a daytime stage 1 hypertension ?
135/85 to 149/94
what is a clinical stage 2 hypertension ?
160/100 to 180/ 120
what is a daytime stage 2 hypertension ?
150/95 +
what type of hypertension has no identifiable cause and develops gradually over years ?
ESSENTIAL hypertension
Which of the following is not a recognised link to secondary
hypertension?
1. Sleep apnoea
2. Kidney disease
3. Thyroid disease
4. Having a relative with
hypertension
5. Diabetes
- Having a relative with
hypertension
main effect of angiotensin 2
reduces arterial diameter
sys______ nerves switch on renin release from kidney
This converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin __ (inactive)
___ enzyme converts angiotensin __ to angiotensin __ (active)
Sympathetic nerves switch on renin release from kidney
This converts angiotensinogen to angiotensin I (inactive)
ACE enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II (active)
What hormone stimulates the adrenal cortex to release aldosterone?
Stimulates adrenal cortex to release aldosterone
Aldosterone promotes sodium and fluid retention in the kidney, leading to increased fluid volume, blood volume, and blood pressure.
What is the role of ADH released from the pituitary?
Promotes water reabsorption in the kidneys
This increases fluid volume, blood volume, and blood pressure.
What effect does stimulating thirst have on the body?
Fluid volume increases
This results in increased blood volume and blood pressure.
What is the effect of vasoconstriction on blood pressure?
Increases blood pressure
Vasoconstriction narrows blood vessels, which raises blood pressure.
What is the outcome of cardiac and vascular hypertrophy?
Increases cardiac output
More muscle mass in the heart leads to increased blood pressure.
