Lecture 1

Question 1

What does the term (Pharmakon) mean?

Answer 1

Drug

Question 2

Logos mean ?

Answer 2

Science

Question 3

the study of substances that interact with living systems through chemical processes is ?

Answer 3

Pharmacology

Question 4

How the substances interact with living systems through chemical processes ?

Answer 4

by binding to regulatory molecules and activating or inhibiting normal body processes

Question 5

A term of varied usage is ?

Answer 5

Drug

Question 6

any substance with the potential to (prevent) or (cure )disease or (enhance) physical or (mental) welfare

Answer 6

Medicine

Question 7

any “chemical agent” that ((alters)) the -biochemical- or -physiological- processes of tissues or organisms (a substance that is listed in the pharmacopeia).

Answer 7

Pharmacology

Question 8

((A book)) describing drugs, chemicals, and medicinal preparations

Answer 8

Pharmacopeia

Question 9

What is the main goal of drug treatment ? OR …. The Major Objective of drug treatment is :

Answer 9

1-have a drug at the site of action.
2-proper concentration.
3-good enough to reverse a defect without producing side or toxic effects.

Question 10

There are many ways to classify drugs , Name five of these ways😊:

Answer 10

1- Pharmacological category.
2- Physiological system targeted by the drugs.
3- Chemical nature.
4-Drug source.
5-Drugs to treat common vs. rare diseases.

Question 11

Give me the ways that aren’t mentioned in the previous question:

Answer 11

1- The need for prescription
2- Therapeutic use

Question 12

Give me an Examples of Natural Drug Sources :

Answer 12

1- Plants , 2- animals , 3-human , 4-Micro organisms

Question 13

Penicillin, streptomycin and many other antibiotics is an examples of ?

Answer 13

Micro organisms

Question 14

Give me two examples of minerals drug Sources ?

Answer 14

1-Liquid
2-paraffin

Question 15

The need for prescription can be divided into two main parts, mention them

Answer 15

A. Prescription drugs
B. OTC drugs

Question 16

(OTC) Abbreviation to ?

Answer 16

Over The Counter

Question 17

OTC Can be sold over the counter with prescription (T/F)

Answer 17

FALSE

Question 18

Are used under only medical supervision and dispensed by an order of medical practitioner only is the :

Answer 18

Prescription drugs

Question 19

Anti-hypertensive drugs , Anti-microbial drugs , Anesthetics and hypoglycemic drugs , is an example of ?

Answer 19

Therapeutic use

Question 20

Give me four categories of therapeutic use😊

Answer 20

1- Anti-hypertensive drugs
2- Anti-microbial drugs
3- Anesthetics hypoglycemic drugs
4- hypoglycemic drugs

Question 21

Which of these ways must be precise ?
A. Therapeutic use
B. Prescription drugs
C. pharmacological action
D. Chemical nature

Answer 21

C

Question 22

Mention foure example of pharmacological action :

Answer 22

1- Atenolol
2-Furosemide
3-Amlodipine
4-Ramipril

Question 23

The examples in previous question can use to treat?

Answer 23

high blood pressure

Question 24

Give me two examples of Physiological systems targeted by the drug :

Answer 24

• Drugs acting on respiratory system.
• Drugs acting on gastrointestinal tract.

Question 25

Proton pumps inhibitors is an example of :

Answer 25

pumps inhibitors

Question 26

Selective beta-2 adrenergic receptors agonists is an example of

Answer 26

Drugs acting on respiratory system

Question 27

How we need to use Common chemical groups or structures?

Answer 27

to classify drugs that have similarity in their pharmacological profile.

Question 28

Drugs or biological products for diagnosis/treatment/prevention of a ((rare disease or condition)), or a more common disease (endemic only in resource poor countries)

Answer 28

Orphan Drugs

Question 29

Which one of drugs is no reasonable expectation that the cost of developing and marketing it will be recovered from the sales of that drug.

Answer 29

Orphan Drugs

Question 30

يلا يا حلو ، ‏give me seven examples of Main branches of pharmacology

Answer 30

• Pharmacokinetics • Pharmacodynamics •Pharmacotherapy • Pharmacogenetics • Pharmacogenomics • Pharmacognosy • Pharmacoeconomics

Question 31

Give me three main branches of pharmacology that aren’t mentioned in the previous question :

Answer 31

• Toxicology • Clinical pharmacology • Chemotherapy

Question 32

Give me the questions that pharmacology usually answer all of them

Answer 32

1.How much of a drug to give? Dose 2. How frequent a drug should be given? Related to the biological half-life (t1/2) 3.When to give it? Before or after meals; at bed time, PRN... 4. How to give it? Rout of administration

Question 33

The branch of pharmacology concerned with(( the movement of drugs)) within the body is ?

Answer 33

Pharmacokinetics

Question 34

Pharmacokinetics deals with ?

Answer 34

ADME process

Question 35

The branch of pharmacology concerned with ((the effects)) of drugs and ((the mechanism)) of their action is ?

Answer 35

Pharmacodynamics

Question 36

Drug’s plasma concentration, its response and duration of action work through?

Answer 36

Pharmacodynamics

Question 37

What the drug does to the body and how can ? * ask this question to describe the ?

Answer 37

Pharmacodynamics

Question 38

It is the physical form of drug product that is suitable for administration to man.

Answer 38

Dosage forms

Question 39

Dosage forms contains specified dose or amount of drug in a specified quantity or unit of the formulation.(T/F)

Answer 39

TRUE

Question 40

Please , mention the foure Dosage forms 😊

Answer 40

• Solid • Semi-solid • Liquid • Gas

Question 41

Give me 3 examples of Solid dosage:

Answer 41

• Tablets • Capsules • Powder

Question 42

Can you mention five examples of Semi-solid drugs

Answer 42

• Creams • Ointments • Paste • Gel • Suppositories

Question 43

Give me two examples of liquid dosage :

Answer 43

• Monophasic Syrup Solution • Biphasic Suspension Emulsion

Question 44

About Gas dosage , give me two examples :

Answer 44

• Inhalers • Sprays

Question 45

Mention the seven main routes of administrations:

Answer 45

1. Buccal and Sublingual 2. Oral 3. Inhalational 4. Parenteral 5. Topical 6. Rectal 7. Transdermal (patches)

Question 46

The dosage that use through buccal and sublingual is :

Answer 46

Solid (tablet) or liquid (spray) dosage form.

Question 47

absorbed from the buccal cavity (highly vascular) and the presence of saliva fasten the dissolution in case of tablet dosage form (THIS process related to)?

Answer 47

Buccal and sublingual

Question 48

The advantages of Buccal and sublingual is :

Answer 48

1- Quick onset of action 2- Avoid first pass effect 3- Can be used for unconscious patients

Question 49

Give me the Features of oral dosage:

Answer 49

A. Used for local or systematic effect B. Solid or liquid dosage forms C. Drug absorbed from the GI tract D. Most common

Question 50

The Advantages of use oral dosage is

Answer 50

1. Simplest rout 2. Self administration

Question 51

The Disadvantages of use oral dosage is :

Answer 51

1. Slow onset of action 2. Absorption issues

Question 52

Give me the Features of Inhalational dosage

Answer 52

1- Used for local (predominantly) or systematic effects 2- Solid (powder), liquid or gas dosage forms 3- Mostly used for respiratory conditions such as asthma

Question 53

The advantages of use Inhalational dosage is :

Answer 53

1. Smaller dose than oral route is used to give the same effect 2. Lower incidence of side effects 3. Rapid onset of action

Question 54

Drugs are given by a rout out of the alimentary canal most commonly by injections , the method name is :

Answer 54

Parenteral

Question 55

superficial injection and it is used for diagnostic tests for allergy and vaccines is ?

Answer 55

Intradermal

Question 56

injection used for drugs that cannot be given orally

Answer 56

Subcutaneous

Question 57

Which one gives quick onset and prolonged action (insulin)?

Answer 57

Subcutaneous

Question 58

Which one used for solutions (aqueous and oil) and for suspensions ?

Answer 58

Intramuscular

Question 59

injection used for aqueous solutions only (antibiotics and parenteral products) is ?

Answer 59

Intravenous

Question 60

injection used in arthritis patients to administer corticosteroids

Answer 60

Intraarticular

Question 61

Give me two characteristics of Topical

Answer 61

• Can be cream, ointment, gel, paste or lotion for external use. • Easy to use

Question 62

Mention four of features of Rectal :

Answer 62

—Used for local or systematic effect —Solid, liquid or semi-solid dosage forms —Drug absorbed from the rectum ( 3 veins) —High bioavailability (but not 100%)

Question 63

Give me the advantages of use rectal :

Answer 63

—Can be used for vomiting of unconscious patients, children, elderly or mentally disturbed and patients with dysphagia. —Can be used for local action (laxatives) .

Question 64

Give me the Disadvantages to use the rectal :

Answer 64

Less convenient than oral rout

Question 65

Applied to the skin and deliver a controlled dose of a drug over a specified period of time to produce systemic effect (nicotine patches) is ?

Answer 65

Transdermal

Question 66

The branch of pharmacology that deals with the undesirable effects of chemicals on living systems, from individual cells to humans to complex ecosystems is ?

Answer 66

Toxicology