lecture 1

Question 1

public stigma

Answer 1

Reactions from
general population to a
certain group

Question 2

self stigma

Answer 2

Tendency to
internalize stigma and
see oneself in more
negative terms as a result
of experiencing a
psychological problem

Question 3

are Women or men 1.5 times more likely to meet criteria for a mood or anxiety disorder

Answer 3

women are 1.5 times more likely then men

Question 4

are women or men 2.6 times more likely to meet criteria for substance dependence

Answer 4

men

Question 5

The mental health conditions with the highest amount of
burden were found to be

Answer 5

Depression
* Bipolar disorder
* Alcohol use disorders
* Social phobia
* Schizophrenia

Question 6

Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs)

Answer 6

-Allows comparison of the burden of disease across many
different disease conditions
* DALYs account for lost years of healthy life regardless of
whether the years were lost due to premature death or
disability (weighted for severity of disability).

Question 7

Psychopathology

Answer 7

the study of mental
diseases/disorders

Question 8

Abnormality is usually determined by the presence of
several characteristics at one time such as

Answer 8

Statistical infrequency
* Violation of norms
* Personal suffering
* Impairments
* Unexpectedness

Question 9

Norm Violation

Answer 9

-Behaviour, thoughts, or feelings that violate social
norms
* Context specific
* Cultural differences

Question 10

Norm violation and statistical rarity.

Answer 10

In the past, based on our criteria of violation of social
norms and statistical rarity, this would have been a
sign of a mental illness
* In fact, homosexuality was once considered a mental
illness

Question 11

Unexpectedness

Answer 11

Surprising or out-of-proportion response to
environmental stressors

Question 12

Psychological disorders

Answer 12

behavioural, psychological,
or emotional dysfunctions that are unexpected in
their cultural context and is associated with present
distress and impairments in functioning

Question 13

Reliability and Validity

Answer 13

❖Reliability: the degree to
which a measurement is
consistent
❖Validity: whether
something measures what
it is supposed to measure

Question 14

History of the DSM:

Answer 14

• DSM 1 published in 1952:
  ❖128 diagnoses
  ❖Psychoanalytic
  ❖Descriptions
• DSM 2 published in 1968:
  ❖193 diagnoses
  ❖Descriptions

Question 15

DSM-5

Answer 15

• Significant changes:
  ❖Removal of multi-axial
  system
  ❖Re-organization of
  chapters
  ❖Addition of new
  disorders:
• Binge-eating disorder
• Premenstrual dysphoric
  disorder
• Hoarding disorder
• Internet gaming
  disorder

Question 16

Myth of Mental Illness: Thomas
Szasz

Answer 16

Fundamental difference
between use of
diagnosis for physical
diseases and mental
illness.
❖Disease of the brain not
”mind”

Question 17

DSM-5: Some Issues

Answer 17

• Categorical or dimensional?
• Blurry diagnostic boundaries and high co-morbidity
• Reliability over validity
• Over pathologizing?