Lecture 1 Flashcards
What is the main source of ATP
carbs
Atp manufacturing takes places where mainly
in mitochondria
is [K+] higher in extracellular space or intra
is [Na+] higher in extracellular or intra
[K+] is higher in intra
[Na+] is higher in extra
how many K+ enter cell and how many NA+ leave cell
3 Na+ leave cell and 2 K+ enter cell
what initiates the conformational change of the protein in Na+/K+ ATPase and what binds to it and when does it unbind
ATP going to ADP plus Pi
P binds to it
unbinds when K+ are in the channel
what are the 3 components of ATP
adenine (purine base)
ribose (5 C sugar)
3 phosphates
do all 3 of the phosphates on ATP have a high energy bond
no just the 2 ones closer to ribose
what happens (left with what and how much E) when the third bond of ATP is broken off
left with adenosine and little energy but still some left
what is adenosine
potent vasodilator that relaxes smooth m. to allow more blood flow to go in (acts more on coronary arteries)
T/F only the 2 high energy P bonds of ATP have functional use
false every part of ATP has functional use when its broken down (including adenosine)
what type of rx is ATP hydrolysis
and ATP phosphorylation and which need E or give away E
ATP hydrolysis is exergonic gives E
ATP phosphorylation is endergonic needs E
what is the gibs value for an exergonic and endergonic rx and what does it mean
exergonic is (-) gibs bc it releases E
endergonic is (+) gibs bc it needs E to be given to it for it to occur
when is the gib’s value different
when its calculated in standard conditions vs in living cells
what is standard conditions and how much Kcal does it give off for 1 Mol of ATP
25°
[1 M]
pH=7
+ or - 7.3 Kcal
T/F the estimated E liberated from 1 Mol of ATP in a pettry dish is more than in living cells and why
false, more in living cells bc of more heat (use more and make more E)
what rx is spontaneous btw exergonic and endergonic and what does it need to be spontaneous
exergonic and needs ATP and water
what needs to happen for a coupled rx to become spontaneous
it needs the ATP donating its high E P bond to glucose so its a net exergonic rx
how many Kcal is 1 KJ
0.239 kcal
what do we rely on for first sec to first min of activity for E and what is it
creatine phosphate is a high E P compound that acts as a storage form of E in the m.
what do we need to start using the creatine phosphate E (under resting conditions)
need ADP and creatine w P bound to it
what is the relationship btw m. mass and creatine P levels
more m. mass = more creatine P
what enzyme is needed to use creatine P sys and what does it do (what happens if its not there)
creatine phosphokinase or creatine kinase
it makes more Creatine P go to Creatine and more ATP being released
rx can still occur but not enough ATP formed for amount required during exercise
what type of rx is the creatine phosphate rx and what happens with P bond
coupled rx but net exergonic bc of CK, PO3 will detach and will bind to ADP to form aTP
what is the first boost of energy during exercise (<1 sec) and why does it last so little time
ATP hydrolysis; stored in skeletal m.
bc ATP stores are depleted w first few m. contractions (about 90%)
